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| | Northern Songhay Languages in Mali and Niger |
 | | Language attitudes of the speakers of the Northern Songhay varieties in Niger were also investigated using group interview schedules and by observation. | | | Nicolaï claims that intercomprehension "is possible" within the Northern Songhay group. | | | The civil administrator in Ingal ( chef de poste) reported that the people of Ingal claim to be "Songhay" on identity papers, while people in Teguidda-n-Tessoumt write "Tamajaq". |
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http://www.sil.org/silesr/1999/008/nsonghay.html
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| | African Studies - Education and Teaching Resources |
| | Basic information on five East African countries summarized and organized under broad subject headings, some teaching ideas, and internet links. | | | There are 2 pages of general history, followed by 13 informative pages with a historical bias - on archaeology, culture, economy, education, geography, language, literature, politics, religion, science, society, tourism, and media." | | | We take a broad view of Mambila, including other groups speaking related languages such as Kwanja, Vute, Wawa, Nizaa, Njerep (3 speakers at last count!), Twendi (35 speakers), Tep, and others. |
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http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/africa/cuvl/teaching.html
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| | Areas Index |
| | History of Islam : a sample from the mailing list | | | Eudora Middle Eastern Tables: a plug-in file for email in Middle Eastern Languages in Eudora. | | | Eudora South-Central-East Europe Tables: a plug-in file for email in Central European, Greek and Cyrillic languages in Eudora. |
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http://www.hf.uib.no/smi/Indexareas.html
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| | Encyclopedia: Songhay languages |
| | Linguasphere 01- } The Songhay languages are a group of closely related languages/dialects centered on the Niger river, widely used as a lingua franca, particularly thanks to the medieval Songhay Empire. | | | The much smaller Northern Songhai is a group of heavily Berber -influenced dialects spoken in the Sahara, including Tadaksahak in northern Mali, Tasawaq and Tagdal in northern Niger, the extinct Emghedeshie of Agadez, and Korandje on the Algeria - Morocco border at Tabelbala. | | | Many medieval manuscripts in Songhay exist, written in the Arabic alphabet, especially in Timbuktu ; however, in modern times it is written in the Latin alphabet. |
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Songhay-languages
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| | Adherents.com: By Location |
| | The Songhai people were Muslims, but many also followed ancient African religious customs. | | | "Songhay: Location : Eastern Mali, western Niger, northern Benin; Population : 3 million; Religion : Islam combined with indigenous beliefs "; Pg. | | | Songhai: At its peak, the empire of Songhai stretched from the coast of the Atlantic Ocean in what is now Guinea eastward into parts of modern Niger and Nigeria. |
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http://www.adherents.com/adhloc/Wh_4.html
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| | News from the departments |
| | This annual conference was held from August 26-28, 2002. | | | The aim of the project is to document the Logba and Nyagbo-Tafi languages which, together with the better described Avatime, form the southernmost cluster of the Ghana-Togo Mountain languages (GTM languages). | | | The workshop is organized within the research project ‘A trans-Atlantic Sprachbund? |
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http://www.cnws.leidenuniv.nl/index.php3?c=60
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| | Phrasebase™ - SONGHAI LANGUAGE Facts and Information - SONGHAI Statistics |
| | In Timbuktu they are mainly monolingual, some French, Tamashek, Arabic; In Djenné most are bilingual or multilingual in French, Bambara, or other languages. | | | Language of instruction at primary level in some experimental schools. | | | This is just for fun, to gauge the public's opinion. |
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http://www.phrasebase.com/languages/index.php?cat=504
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| | Ethnologue: Bibliography of Ethnologue Data Sources |
| | Why Paez is not a Barbacoan language: The nonexistence of "Moguex" and the use of early sources. | | | Mauritian Bhojpuri: An Indo-Aryan language spoken in a predominantly creolphone society. | | | The Malay peoples of Malaysia and their languages. |
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http://www.ethnologue.com/ethno_docs/bibliography.asp
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| | Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika, Supplements |
| | He also includes the results of recent archaeological research about the meso- and neolithic cultures of northern Africa that presumably were the speakers of this proto-Nilo-Saharan language in his analysis. | | | Based on his analysis of the tonal correspondences in the seventeen languages the author reconstructs a tonal proto-system consisiting of two tones, from which the various systems of the Sara - Bongo - Bagirmi languages developed, which are classifiable as systems with two, three, and four tones. | | | This wide collection allows the reader to come to their own conclusions about semantic changes and their linguistic and social determinants. |
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http://www.koeppe.de/html/e_sugiabei.htm
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| | Encyclopedia of African History |
| | Reflects the indigenous developments and the impact of outside influences and intrusions, including ancient inter-African trade and trade with the Middle East, the spread of Islam, the European slave trade, colonialism, the cold war, and the war on terrorism on African history | | | Includes over 95 illustrations and 85 specially commissioned maps- one for each of the 55 modern states and 30 specially designed historical maps indicating important features such as the Languages of Africa, the Songhay Empire, and the Peoples of the East African Savannah in the eighteenth century |
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http://www.routledge-ny.com/ref/africanhist/
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| | Gilder Lehrman Center: Bibliography: Sanneh |
| | The Claims of West Africa to Christian Instruction through the Native Languages, | | | Hunwick, John O. "Notes on Slavery in the Songhay Empire," in John Ralph Willis, ed., | | | The Image of the educated African: British Attitudes towards the Gold Coast educated community, |
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http://www.yale.edu/glc/books/sanneh2.html
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| | Abstract |
| | Leaving aside the northern outliers like Tadaksahak, which show very heavy Tuareg influence in lexicon and grammar, we still have extensive variation among riverine, montane, and urban Songhay languages. | | | The Tuareg-ized northern outliers, with large-scale vocabulary replacement as well as dramatic shifts in morphosyntax, are a more extreme but in some ways less problematic case of language contact. | | | The data illustrate the promise of micro-typological and historical study within small, little-known language families, of which there are many in West Africa. |
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http://www.ohiou.edu/alta/heath.htm
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| | Ethnologue report for Mali |
| | National or official languages: Bamanankan, Bomu, Bozo, Dogoso, Fulfulde, Hasanya, Mamara, Maninkakan, Soninke, Sonoy, Syenara, Tamasayt, Xaasongaxanno, French. | | | Also includes North Levantine Spoken Arabic, Koromfe, Matya Samo, Siamou 20,000, Wolof. | | | Alternate names: SONGHAI, SONGAY, SONGAI, SONGOI, SONGOY, SONGHOY, SONRAI, SONRHAI, KOROBORO SENNI SONGHAY, SONGAY SENNI, EAST SONGHAY, GAO SONGHAY, KOYRA SENNI SONGHAY. |
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http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=Mali
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| | Association for Linguistic Typology: Grammar Notices |
| | The Athabaskan Languages: Perspectives on a Native American Language Family. | | | Second, characteristics that would be predicted given other features of a language (such as postpositions in a VSO language). | | | In future (A)LT will provide its member/reader-ship the service of bringing newly published grammars of individual languages as well as surveys of families or areas to their attention. |
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http://www.lancs.ac.uk/fss/organisations/alt/gramnot.htm
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