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| | Roman Empire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Several states claiming to be the Roman Empire's successor arose, before as well as after the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. |  | | Gratian fled from Lutetia (Paris) to Lugdunum (Lyon), where he was assassinated on August 25, 383 at the age of twenty-five. |  | | In fact the Republican institutions at Rome had been slowly undermined and set aside over the preceding century and Rome had been in continuous political crisis with periods of dictatorial rule since Sulla. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Empire
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| | Lecture 12: Augustus Caesar and the Pax Romana |
 | | In such a situation it soon became apparent that the Germans distrusted the Romans and the Romans hated the Germans in acts of blatant racism. |  | | The Romans experienced that same chaos but held out for the possibility of bringing order out of that chaos. |  | | This was just one month after he had declared himself dictator of the Roman world. |
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http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/lecture12b.html
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| | Lecture 11: Republican Rome, 509-31BC |
 | | The Roman Republic had to protect its people from outside invasion and they did this by forming careful alliances with their neighbors. |  | | Macedonia was officially made a province of the Republic and thus, the Romans brought an end to the independent political life of Greece. |  | | Octavian went on to present Antony as an enemy because of his alliance with Cleopatra in Egypt. |
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http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/lecture11b.html
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| | A Senate for the |
 | | Roman "political parties" were built from these traditions, as talented speakers surrounded themselves with supporters who could count on the leader's persuasive talents in a dispute with those in other parties. |  | | The "parties" should be seen as long-term versions of the alliances which gather during American political elections to promote single candidates, rather than the ideological groupings modern nations call "political parties." The only "political party" of this latter sort was the Roman State itself. |  | | Other organizations, like men's clubs or professional societies—even religious organizations—were broken up and suppressed by the Romans if they appeared to be developing political influence. |
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http://libertariannation.org/a/f64j1.html
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| | Roman Empire 1 - Crystalinks |
 | | The Romans believed that political corruption in the late republic was connected to moral decline. |  | | Augustus worked to reinvigorate the senatorial order, whose membership had declined as a result of political persecutions and civil war. |  | | He kept only the offices of consul and proconsul and claimed that he held no more power than his colleagues. |
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http://www.crystalinks.com/romanempire.html
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| | The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire XII |
 | | Notwithstanding the severe justice which he exercised against the assassins of Probus, to whose favour and esteem he was highly indebted, he could not escape the suspicion of being accessory to a deed from whence he derived the principal advantage. |  | | The contest, however, was still unequal; nor could the most able leader, at the head of the effeminate troops of Egypt and Syria, encounter, with any hopes of victory, the legions of Europe, whose irresistible strength appeared to support the brother of Tacitus. |  | | Faunus hails the approach of that hero, who, receiving on his shoulders the sinking weight of the Roman world, shall extinguish war and faction, and once again restore the innocence and security of the golden age. |
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http://www.ccel.org/g/gibbon/decline/volume1/chap12.htm
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| | Roman |
 | | Despite all this, Augustus carefully avoided the appearance of monarchy, claiming that he had restored the Roman Republic. |  | | Defeated the Jews in the second revolt against Rome lead by Bar Kokhba. |  | | The keynote of Nerva's regime was a skillfully propagandized renunciation of the terrorist means by which Domitian had imposed his tyranny. |
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http://members.verizon.net/vze3xycv/RulersCoins/romanpic.htm
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| | Roman Senate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | A remnant of its former self, it continued to figure in Roman politics, but never regained its previous dominance. |  | | It could only meet in a consecrated temple, usually the Curia Hostilia (the ceremonies of New Year's Day were in the temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus and war meetings were held in the temple of Bellona), and its sessions could only proceed after an invocation prayer, a sacrificial offering, and the auspices were taken. |  | | Later, when at the start of the Republic, Lucius Junius Brutus increased the number of Senators to three hundred (according to legend), they were also called Conscripti ("Conscripted Men"), because Brutus had conscripted. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Senate
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| | senate, Roman on Encyclopedia.com |
 | | The optimates tried to foster the idea that they represented constitutionalism versus subversion, but after Sulla, who combined the bloodiest illegality with the strictest defense of the senate (which he raised to 600 members), such a claim by optimates was hypocritical and cynical. |  | | The leaders of the senate became also the leaders of the most reactionary group and would yield on no point, economic or political. |  | | After the proscription what was left of the senate was docile and ineffectual. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/s/senate-R.asp
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| | Ancient Roman Law - Crystalinks |
 | | Twelfth-century China had an elite government official for every 15,000 subjects, as compared to Rome, which had one for every 400,000 people in the empire. |  | | Many of these new senators appointed by Sulla were not Patricians, but instead members of the Equestrian Order who had supported Sulla& takeover of the government. |  | | He had many members of the Senate murdered who opposed his regime. |
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http://www.crystalinks.com/romelaw.html
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| | The Roman Senate |
 | | West of Greece and Egypt, what had once been the Roman Empire was divided into petty states and kingdoms. |  | | In the A.D. 700's, Gregory of Tours wrote his History of the Franks, who were highly Romanized by the time they took political control of Gaul. |  | | The proud and aristocratic Senators, who had never been champions of the common Roman in any case, bristled under the murderous authority of the Emperor as subjects themselves. |
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http://www.interlog.com/~gilgames/senate.htm
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| | Rome: The Roman Kingdom |
 | | Finally, when an Etruscan prince of the Etruscan family that ruled Rome, the Tarquins, raped the wife of a patrician, the Romans rose up in revolt and threw the Tarquins out of power in 509 BC. |  | | The age of the Roman Republic, an age that would see the greatest expansion of Roman power and numerous wars, had been opened. |  | | It doesn't seem that the Romans were particularly greedy for land or wealth; their conquests seem largely motivated by anxieties over the threat to their security posed by the surrounding populations. |
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http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/ROME/KINGDOM.HTM
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| | A brief History of Rome |
 | | The Romans believed that their city was founded in the year 753 BC. |  | | The senate under the kings had only been there to advise the king. |  | | Early Rome was governed by kings, but after only seven of them had ruled, the Romans took power over their own city and ruled themselves. |
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http://www.roman-empire.net/children/history.html
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| | Roman Senate |
 | | Eventually the Christians won and these two symbols of paganism were banished from the Curia in 382 AD. |  | | The Senate did not always meet in the Curia; it also convened in various temples and at other sites. |  | | For example, Julius Caesar's assassination did not take place in the Curia Julia, but in the Curia of Pompey, which was a part of his theater complex in the Campus Martius. |
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http://depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu/classics/dunkle/romnlife/senate.htm
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| | Roman Government |
 | | These were theoretically composed of all males who were full Roman citizens, though individuals had to attend in person in order to vote. |  | | Offices marked with an asterisk carried imperium, the highest political authority, which included the right to command an army, to interpret and carry out the law, and to pass sentences of death. |  | | The Senate controlled all finances, foreign affairs, and state administration and had by far the greatest social prestige. |
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http://www.vroma.org/~bmcmanus/romangvt.html
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| | Roman Senate House - History for Kids! |
 | | The Senate house Diocletian had built is all made of brick, although when it was new it would have had a coating of marble and stucco all over it. |  | | It was in the Roman Forum, near some old sacred places where people felt close to powerful gods. |  | | The Senate house is still in pretty good shape today, with a roof on it, because, like the Pantheon, the emperor Phocas gave it to the Popes to turn into a Christian church in the early 600's AD and the Popes took good care of it. |
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http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/romans/architecture/senate.htm
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| | The Roman Senate |
 | | Non-Senators may be called upon to speak in open sessions, but have no actual right to speak. |  | | NO foreign kings may attend a Senate meeting (even as an ambassadorial representative), according to ancient tradition. |  | | The Roman Senate is composed of those Romans who have distinguished themselves politically, and have served as elected officials. |
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http://www.romanempire.net/romepage/PolCht/senate.htm
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| | Mythography Ancient Roman Festivals |
 | | This book is a great source for information about Greek and Roman mythology! |  | | this festival was a celebration for the Roman god Liber (who, incidentally, was identified with the Greek god Dionysos) |  | | Dionysiac festivals held in honor of the god Bacchus, Bacchanalia were so notorious in ancient Rome that the Roman Senate suppressed the celebration of these rites in 186 B.C. Feralia |
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http://www.loggia.com/myth/feriae.html
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