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| | Encyclopedia: Richard II of England |
 | | Richard is said to have been devoted to her. | | | He became a stickler for tradition, insisting on being addressed as ‘majesty’ and ‘highness’ and sitting alone for hours wearing his crown; those addressing him were required to direct their eyes downwards in deference. | | | When he refused, he was told that since he was still a minor, a Council of Government would rule in his place. |
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Richard-II-of-England
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| | Richard II (play) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Elizabeth was outraged when she learned of this, allegedly saying "I am Richard II, know you not?" Less than a month later, Essex was tried and executed. | | | When Richard returns, Bolingbroke first claims his land back but then additionally claims the throne. | | | What is more, Mowbray is also accused of having stolen money which would have been used for military purposes. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_II_(play)
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| | Here is a sample annotated bibliography for Richard II |
| | Ribner claims Shakespeare’s Richard II was not a completely orthodox presentation of the Tudor myth. | | | Dean likens Richard to Shakespeare’s tragic heroes in the violence and hyperbole of their speeches. | | | Kott claims in Richard II can be seen the raw material of later tragedies. |
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http://daphne.palomar.edu/CHRISTINE/e250/Richard2/annbibrichard2.htm
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| | Richard II by William Shakespeare: A searchable online version at The Literature Network |
| | His exultation of these kings of renown does not include Richard as Gaunt ends his speech and his life with a condemning admonishment against his nephew, and king, for his treatment of the land and its people. | | | Aumerle wishes Richard II were still king and Lord Fitzwater falsely accuses Aumerle of killing Gloucester. | | | Edmund's (York's) son the Duke of Aumerle helps Richard II defend the crown, gaining courage from the hope that Heaven will support the "right", since Richard II feels he is the rightful King of England. |
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http://www.online-literature.com/shakespeare/richardII
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| | England |
| | By 1460, however, Richard controlled the government and, in an incredibly audacious move, declared himself to be king of England since Henry was both unfit and was the descendant of a usurper. | | | This new anti-clerical culture led a number of theologians, writers, and poets in England to begin to speculate about the nature of society, government, economics and human institutions and to forge radically new ideas on all these fronts. | | | Any speculation about the legitimacy of political power would have landed the writer in serious trouble; church government, however, was relatively open to criticism and it was here that the critical tradition in European political theory developed, and in no place in Europe did it develop as strongly as it did in medieval England. |
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http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/MA/ENGLAND.HTM
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| | History of ENGLAND |
| | He dies at Pontefract, in February 1400, probably starved to death after the discovery of a conspiracy by some of his supporters. | | | For the second time in the Hundred Years' War a king of England has a valid claim to the crown of France. | | | The Yorkist claim to the throne is almost as good as the Lancastrian. |
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http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?groupid=2968&HistoryID=ac72
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| | Robin Hood and Richard II of England |
| | Richard nearly charged Gaunt with treason at one point-- during a time when condemned traitors were disemboweled, with a noose holding the victim just high enough to keep his heels from touching the ground. | | | Walsingham accused Gaunt of plotting against Richard, even though the record shows that Gaunt never displayed anything but loyalty to his sovereign. | | | All three heroes lived under the shadow of a strong mother figure. |
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http://www.clydeburger.org/1300sand/richard.htm
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| | King Richard II |
| | There in February 1400 he died: no doubt of the rigor of his winter imprisonment, rather than by actual murder as alleged in the story adopted by William Shakespeare. | | | From this time Richard began to assert himself. | | | But he declared that the laws of England were in his mouth, and supported his court in wanton luxury by arbitrary methods of taxation. |
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http://www.nndb.com/people/704/000093425
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| | Edward III of England |
| | Each branch of the family claimed to have a superior claim, because their ancestor was older, and/or because their claim was through a male line instead of a female one, and/or because their claim was through legitimate offspring instead of bastards. | | | [Note: John of Gaunt also had legitimate descendants through his daughter Catalina, a grand-daughter of King Pedro I and the mother of II of Castile">King Juan II, but these Castillians engaged in their own wars over the Spanish succession and did not assert any claims to the English throne in the Wars of the Roses.] | | | John of Gaunt's illegitimate heirs were the Beauforts, until a Beaufort woman married a Tudor man, and they became the Tudors; on the deaths of his legitimate heirs, the Beauforts/Tudors claimed to be Lancasters and, therefore, senior to the Yorks, who were descended from a younger son than John. |
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http://www.findword.org/ed/edward-iii-of-england.html
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| | History of the Monarchy > The Plantagenets > Richard II |
| | Wat Tyler, the principal leader of the peasants, was killed and the uprisings in the rest of the country were crushed over the next few weeks (Richard was later forced by his Council's advice to rescind the pardons he had given). | | | Richard took his revenge in 1397, arresting or banishing many of his opponents; his cousin, Henry of Bolingbroke, was also subsequently banished. | | | Richard pursued policies of peace with France (his second wife was Isabella of Valois); Richard still called himself king of France and refused to give up Calais, but his reign was concurrent with a 28 year truce in the Hundred Years War. |
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http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page67.asp
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| | DragonBear History: All That: Richard II |
| | Bolingbroke returned to England to claim his patrimony while Richard was in Ireland; anti-Richard sentiment crystallized around him, and by the time Richard returned there was an organized movement to depose him. | | | Richard was forced to abdicate in September, 1399. | | | In the First Middle Ages, Richard II of England "expressly said...that his laws were in his own mouth or, occasionally, in his own breast" - that is, not just that the King's word was the law, but sometimes his unspoken thought. |
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http://www.dragonbear.com/richard2.html
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| | Richard II King Richard II of England (Character Analysis) |
| | Early in the play, it becomes clear that Richard's view of himself and his office differs markedly from the view held by his subjects. | | | Richard governs according to the divine right of kings—a precept which argues that God determines who should rule. | | | In the play, Richard's government runs into trouble because he passionately believes that his decrees are sacred and that, as he explains... |
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http://www.allshakespeare.com/richard-ii/36796
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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Richard I, King of England |
| | Archbishop Baldwin, Hubert Walter, and Ranulf Glanvill, whose statesmanship and experience would have been most useful in governing England and left behind many restless spirits like John himself and Longehamp, whose energy might have been serviceable against the infidel. | | | Richard's diplomatic struggles and his campaigns against the wily King of France were very costly but fairly successful. | | | Philip Augustus and Henry II had subsequently followed his example, but the quarrels which had supervened had so far prevented the realization of this pious design. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13041b.htm
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| | Wilton Diptych: Richard II of England with his patron saints by UNKNOWN MASTER, French |
| | The monarch wears around his neck the white hart badge which Richard adopted in 1390 as his personal insignia. | | | The event commemorated here has been conjectured as Richard's coronation in 1377, his seeking divine sanction for a crusade in the mid-1990s, or his meeting with the French king in 1396. | | | This is the left panel of the Wilton Diptych (named after the house in which it was preserved), the finest work in England in the International Gothic style. |
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http://www.wga.hu/html/m/master/yunk_fr/yunk_fr1/06wilton.html
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| | Richard III (1995) |
| | For instance, when O.J. Simpson's trial was going on I kept thinking of Othello and Desdemona, a tragedy of passion and murder being re-enacted for millions on the television. | | | Happily, Richard Loncraine's version of 'Richard III' works very well, being set in a surreal WW2 era setting, more reminiscent of Terry Gilliam's 'Brazil' than London as it actually was at that time; an alternative world is suggested which adds a touch of nightmare-fantasy to the film. | | | I think this sort of intelligent interpretation of the text, placed into the mouths of people we can relate to more readily than we do to Elizabethan personages, is valuable and helps people otherwise unfamiliar with, or daunted by, Shakespeare's strange language is a good thing. |
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http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0114279
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| | Timeline |
| | Monday 30 September 1399 : End of reign of Richard II of England | | | Saturday 25 October 1760 : End of reign of George II | | | 1349 : The Black Death claims almost 1 million lives in England |
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http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/tim_hallchurch/Allchurch/timeline.htm
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| | Amazon.com: Henry Plantagenet : A Biography of Henry II of England: Books: Richard Barber |
| | Join Amazon Prime and ship Two-Day for free and Overnight for $3.99. | | | This readable and accessible biography offers both a study of his character, and an estimate of his work as a ruler, work which is in a sense the history of his life, since it occupied his entire energies from his accession at the age of twenty-one to his death thirty-five years later. | | | His fiefs and domains extended from the Atlantic to the Mediterranean, and his court was frequented by the greatest thinkers and men of letters of his time, besides ambassadors from all over Europe. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0851158242?v=glance
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| | TimeRef - History Timelines |
| | Richard II had executed or exiled other members of the Lords Appellant the previous year and now Bolingbroke and Thomas Mowbray were concerned that their turn was next. | | | Bolingbroke should have inherited the lands from his father, John of Gaunt, but Richard had other ideas. | | | King Edward was ill for some time before his death, and John of Gaunt another of Edward's sons took the affairs of the nation under his control. |
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http://www.btinternet.com/~timeref/hstt55.htm
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| | Richard II -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia |
| | Richard II succeeded Edward III, his grandfather, because his father, called the Black Prince, had died the year before. | | | He held his own against a peasant insurrection, helped Robert II of France against the duchy of Burgundy, and repelled an English attack on the Cotentin Peninsula that was led by the Anglo-Saxon king Ethelred II the Unready. | | | Richard III succeeded his nephew Edward V, whom Richard may have had killed. |
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http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article-9328356
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| | Abdication |
| | II of England">Richard II of England, for example, was forced to abdicate after the throne was seized by his cousin, Henry Bolingbroke, while Richard was out of the country. | | | When II of England">James II of England, after throwing the great seal into the Thames, fled to France in 1688, he did not formally resign the crown, and the question was discussed in parliament whether he had forfeited the throne or had abdicated. | | | Probably the most famous abdication in recent memory is that of King VIII of the United Kingdom">Edward VIII of the United Kingdom in 1936, who abdicated the British throne in order to marry American divorceé Wallis Simpson, over the objections of the Church of England and the royal family. |
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http://www.wordlookup.net/ab/abdication.html
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| | Richard II - TheBestLinks.com - Richard II of England, Richard II (play), Disambig, ... |
| | This is a disambiguation page, i.e., a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. | | | Richard II - TheBestLinks.com - Richard II of England, Richard II (play), Disambig,... | | | Richard II, Richard II of England, Richard II (play), Disambig |
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http://www.thebestlinks.com/Richard_II.html
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| | 1380s - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | King Richard II of England meets the leaders of Peasants Revolt. | | | The vacant thrones come under the Regency of his mother Margaret I of Denmark who would soon become Queen in her own right. | | | Richard II reigns in England and Charles VI reigns in France. |
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http://www.vacilando.org/_cliextra/baghdadmuseumorg/includepage.php?title=1380s&action=edit
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| | (Richard - Robert II ) |
| | Richard II (Duke of Normandy) (____ - 1026) | | | Robert II (King of France) (27 Mar 0970 - 1031) | | | Richard I "Coeur (King of England) (1157 - 1199) |
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http://home.comcast.net/~smcdonald91/genealogy/index/ind0035.html
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| | John Gower - TheBestLinks.com - Allegory, Geoffrey Chaucer, Poet, Richard II of England, ... |
| | By his own account he was once commanded by Richard II to write a poem "for England's sake." The royal commission resulted in the composition of Confessio Amantis, a long poem of over 30,000 lies which despite its Latin title was written in what is now referred to as Middle English. | | | Later, he wrote a book on the Peasants' Uprising entitled Vox Clamantis, where he shows no sympathy for the peasants' concerns. | | | John Gower, Allegory, Geoffrey Chaucer, Poet, Richard II of England, Middle... |
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http://www.thebestlinks.com/John_Gower.html
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| | Royal Genealogies Part 30 |
| | Henry waged war against Stephen until 1153 when Stephen was forced to name Henry II, his heir. | | | Bruce defeated the English in 1314, twice invaded England and in 1323 concluded with King Edward II of England a truce for 13 years. | | | NOTES: He was originally named Robert de Bruce, and to distinguish him from his father and grandfather, who had the same name, he is often referred to as Robert de Brucce VIII. |
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http://ftp.cac.psu.edu/~saw/royal/r30.html
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| | Prints Old & Rare - Royalty page |
| | Beneath the portrait is a small scene showing Richard defending himself against assassins in Pomfret Castle. | | | Engraved scene from the Illustrated London News, titled "The Coronation of the King of Sweden and Norway." Shows the King seated on a throne, as the crown is placed upon his head. | | | 014roy: 1876 Portrait of King Richard II of England. |
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http://www.printsoldandrare.com/royalty
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| | Reference.com/Encyclopedia/1397 |
| | September 29 John Holland, Earl of Huntingdon is created Duke of Exeter by his half-brother Richard II of England. | | | June 29 - John II of Aragon (d. | | | September 8 - Thomas of Woodstock (son of King Edward III of England) |
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http://www.reference.com/browse/wiki/1397
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| | King Richard II - Cambridge University Press |
| | What to his contemporaries was a balanced dramatisation of the central political and constitutional issue of the time, how to cope with an unjust ruler, has in the last century or so been translated into the poetic fall of a tragic hero. | | | The times have forced changes in the way we look at Richard II more than any other of Shakespeare’s plays. | | | It relates the play’s construction, imagery and staging to contemporary concerns and describes the changing views about Richard’s deposition by means of a stage history. |
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http://www.cup.cam.ac.uk/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521297656
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| | Percy, Stephen: Tales of the Kings of England: Richard II to Elizabeth |
| | Percy, Stephen: Tales of the Kings of England: Richard II to Elizabeth | | | Tales of the Kings of England: Richard II to Elizabeth | | | In order to perform regular system maintenance, we must shut this system down today, December 24th. |
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http://www.forbesbookclub.com/bookpage.asp?prod_cd=IT4TH
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| | King Richard II of England surrenders to his cousin Henry August 19 in History |
| | King Richard II of England surrenders to his cousin Henry August 19 in History | | | King Richard II of England surrenders to his cousin Henry | | | Perhaps he was a bit different from other people, but what really sympathetic person is not a little mad? |
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http://www.brainyhistory.com/events/1399/august_19_1399_32362.html
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| | Richard II -- 2 |
| | Photographs from a recent production of Richard II at The University of Pennsylvania | | | As a supplement to our work on the play, you may also wish to explore other parts of Professor's Best's short course. | | | For the second half of class, read this page from an electronic short course on Richard II by Professor Michael Best at the University of Victoria. |
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http://people.whitman.edu/~dipasqtm/richardii2.htm
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| | The page cannot be found |
| | Open IIS Help, which is accessible in IIS Manager (inetmgr), and search for topics titled Web Site Setup, Common Administrative Tasks, and About Custom Error Messages. | | | Go to Microsoft Product Support Services and perform a title search for the words HTTP and 404. |
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http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/r/ri/richard_ii_of_england1.htm
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| | Richard II Koenig VON ENGLAND/Isabella Prinzessin VON FRANKREICH |
| | Richard II Koenig VON ENGLAND/Isabella Prinzessin VON FRANKREICH | | | Born: 6 Jan 1366/67 at: Bordeaux, France Married: 1 Nov 1396 at: Calais Died: 6 Jan 1399/00 at: Pontefract Castle, Yorks., England Father:Edward "The Black" Prince VON WALES Mother:Joan "Fair Maid" von Kent Countess VON KENT Other Spouses: Anne VON BOEHMEN | | | Page built by Gedpage Version 2.06 UNREGISTERED ©1997 on 24 December 1999 |
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http://www.usgennet.org/family/baicon/data/fam04121.htm
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| | Cookbook:History of food and cooking - Wikibooks, collection of open-content textbooks |
| | For example the following is a recipe taken from the Forme of Cury, a roll of cookery written around 1390 by the master cooks of King Richard II of England. | | | In many cases where texts exist the recipes and directions they provide are little more than guidelines and assume much knowledge on the part of the cook. | | | Take rote of persel, of pasternak, of rafens, scrape hem and waische hem clene. |
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http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:History_of_food_and_cooking
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