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| | A Brief Outline of Dutch History and the New Netherland Colony |
 | | The northern provinces, on the other hand, were collectively known as the United Provinces of the Netherlands or the Dutch Republic, and were often referred to by the name of their principle province, that is, Holland. | | | From the formation of the Union of Utrecht these provinces were able to remain a separate republic but it was not until the Treaty of Westphalia, at the conclusion of the Thirty Years War in 1648, that the independence of the Republic of the United Provinces of the Netherlands was finally recognized. | | | In 1602 the States General of the United Provinces, known as the Netherlands, chartered the United East India Company (the Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, called the VOC) with the mission of exploring for a passage to the Indies and claiming any unchartered territories for the United Provinces. |
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http://www.coins.nd.edu/ColCoin/ColCoinIntros/Netherlands.html
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| | Bynkershoek: Whether the Several Provinces of the United Netherlands Have the Power to Make War |
| | I may say by way of parenthesis that his inclusion of religion vitiates his argument since the articles of the Union clearly left the question of religion wholly in the hands of the several provinces; however, that is not the question now at issue. | | | They might wage war against foreign states in behalf of all the United Provinces or in behalf of some of them, or in their own behalf, that is to say, in the defence of their rights or to repair an injustice that has been committed against the single province. | | | It is now agreed by all, after Grotius in his Apologeticus proved the point, that each province has the powers of a sovereign state, for this power was never given to the federal government; in fact the first article of the Union forbids the federal government to interfere in the controversies between the individual provinces. |
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http://www.lonang.com/exlibris/bynkershoek/bynk-123.htm
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| | The Netherlands |
| | Under the Union of Utrecht (1579), the seven northern provinces became the United Provinces of the Netherlands. | | | When Philip II of Spain suppressed political liberties and the growing Protestant movement in the Netherlands, a revolt led by William of Orange broke out in 1568. | | | The Netherlands, on the coast of the North Sea, is twice the size of New Jersey. |
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http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107824.html
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| | Timeline Netherlands |
| | 1576 Nov 8, All 17 provinces of the Netherlands united in the Pacification of Ghent in the face of Spanish occupation. | | | 1943 Mar 2, 1st transport of Jews from Westerbork, Netherlands, to Sobibor concentration camp. | | | The Catholic heir to the Hapsburg dynasty, Charles V, was elected Holy Roman Emperor, combining the crowns of Spain, Burgundy (with the Netherlands), Austria and Germany. |
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http://timelines.ws/countries/NETHERLANDS.HTML
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| | warsl14.html |
| | The United Provinces (present-day Netherlands) had opposed Louis in his first war. | | | Fortresses in the Spanish Netherlands to be garrisoned with Dutch troops to provide a barrier between France and the United Provinces. | | | Organized by William of Orange, (stadtholder of the United Provinces and later to become King William III of England), the League includes the the United Provinces, Holy Roman Emperor, Sweden, Spain, Bavaria, Saxony, and the Palatinate. |
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http://www.uscsu.sc.edu/~tpowers/hist102/warsl14.html
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| | Dutch Collections: Overviews of the Collections (European Reading Room, Library of Congress) |
| | The American minister to the Netherlands helped to impress officials at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and at the Royal Library with the importance of having one copy of all the official publications of the Kingdom, including those of the Provinces deposited regularly at the Library of Congress. | | | Some of these collections were published in the Netherlands by Phalese in Louvain and by Susato in Antwerp; others were published in Italy and Germany. | | | The Netherlands Studies Unit, established in 1942, dealt with a diversity of subjects relating to the Netherlands and Netherlands East Indies. |
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http://www.loc.gov/rr/european/coll/dutc.html
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| | Production of the Leeuwendaalder |
| | The provinces and the cities of the Netherlands issued a number of additional crown sized coins, some of which may have circulated in the American colonies in limited numbers. | | | A listing of the various issues in existence before or during the time of the New Netherland Colony is appended to give one a better indication of the diversity of crown size coinage minted in the area that came to be known as the United Provinces. | | | On the reverse, the lion on the shield is not covered by waves because it is the shield of the United Provinces. |
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http://www.coins.nd.edu/ColCoin/ColCoinIntros/DutchCoins.html
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| | Bell Catalog - Us |
| | the Secretary of State to the United States of America, and George Hammond, esq. | | | Report of the Secretary of State, on the privileges and restrictions on the commerce of the United States in foreign countries, published by order of the House of Representatives. | | | Report of the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States, on the subject of manufactures, presented to the House of Representatives, December 5, 1791. |
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http://www.bell.lib.umn.edu/cat/bib_u.html
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| | United Provinces - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | In 1568, the Netherlands, led by William of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of his efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved medieval government structures of the provinces, high taxes, and persecution of Protestants by the Catholic church. | | | This was followed in 1581 by the Oath of Abjuration, the declaration of independence in which the provinces officially deposed Philip II. | | | The republic consisted of seven provinces, which had their own governments and were very independent, and a number of so called Generality Lands. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Provinces
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| | Rembrandt - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch |
| | Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (July 15, 1606 - October 4, 1669) is generally considered one of the greatest painters in European art history, and the most important United Provinces (Netherlands) painter of the seventeenth century. | | | In the Netherlands, the most notable collection of Rembrandt's work is at Amsterdam's Rijksmuseum, including De Nachtwacht (The Night Watch) and De Joodse bruid (The Jewish Bride). | | | Many of his self-portraits are held in The Hague's Mauritshuis. |
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http://encyclopedia.worldsearch.com/rembrandt.htm
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| | Freedom in the World 2001 - 2002 |
| | After the Dutch won independence from Spain in the sixteenth century, the House of Orange assumed sovereignty over the United Provinces of the Netherlands. | | | From the end of World War II until December 1958, the Netherlands was governed by coalitions in which the Labor and Catholic parties predominated. | | | From 1958 until 1994, governments were formed from center-right coalitions of Christian Democrats and Liberals, with the social-democratic-oriented Labor Party usually in opposition. |
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http://www.freedomhouse.org/research/freeworld/2002/countryratings/netherlands.htm
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| | AllRefer.com - Frederick Henry (Benelux History, Biography) - Encyclopedia |
| | He became stadtholder of the United Provinces of the Netherlands upon the death (1625) of his brother Maurice of Nassau. | | | One year after his death the independence of the Netherlands was recognized in the Peace of Westphalia. | | | In 1631 the United Provinces showed their trust in his leadership by declaring the stadtholderate hereditary in his family. |
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http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/F/FredH.html
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| | Articles - Holland |
| | The province of Holland was the cultural, political and economic center of the United Provinces. | | | A few regions that were historically Hollandic became part of other provinces as a result of reforms during the French occupation (1795-1813): Willemstad and surroundings, Biesbosch and the Land of Altena became part of North Brabant and the island of Urk to Overijssel (later Flevoland). | | | In 1940, after the German occupation of the Netherlands, the islands of Vlieland and Terschelling went to Friesland. |
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http://www.sidepoint.com/articles/Holland
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| | 17th century - encyclopedia article about 17th century. |
| | For political events, see History of the Netherlands and Eighty Years' War (1568-1648). | | | It traverses the Canadian province of Quebec and forms part of the border between the state of New York in the United States and the province of Ontario in Canada. | | | dies and is succeeded by her cousin King James VI of Scotland, uniting the crowns of Scotland Scotland (Alba in Scottish Gaelic) is a country in northwest Europe, occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain. |
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http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/17th%20century
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| | William II of Orange - definition of William II of Orange in Encyclopedia |
| | William II, Prince of Orange (May 27, 1626 - November 6, 1650), stadtholder of the United Provinces of the Netherlands (March 14, 1647 - November 6, 1650). | | | William the Silent had been succeeded in the position known as stadtholder and as military commander by his son Maurits of Nassau, who in turn was followed by his brother Frederick Henry. | | | Secretly, William opened his own negotiations with France with the goal of extending his own territory under a centralized government. |
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http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/William_II_of_Orange
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| | American Conservative Union Foundation |
| | Those Americans were well aware of the confederal forms of government too, such as The United Provinces of the Netherlands and the Helvetic Confederation. | | | The thirteen provinces of England's empire in North America who jointly gained independence in 1776 insisted in the convention of 1787 on their autonomy as they formed a single entity to conduct international relations. | | | These ideas and institutions were transferred to America before Europe itself began to centralize and met their zenith in the adoption of the United States federal Constitution. |
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http://acuf.org/issues/issue25/041206gov.asp
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| | Brabant |
| | After the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, the Netherlands gained independence and the northern part of Brabant was handed to the United Provinces of the Netherlands. | | | The northern part, Noord-Brabant is now a province of the Netherlands, while the southern part comprises three provinces of Belgium, Antwerp, Walloon Brabant and Flemish Brabant. | | | After French occupation, Brabant became part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands (consisting of modern day Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg) at the Congress of Vienna in 1815. |
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http://www.theezine.net/b/brabant.html
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| | Willem Drost - definition of Willem Drost in Encyclopedia |
| | He was born in what was then known as the United Provinces of the Netherlands. | | | Although he lived and painted at a time when Dutch artists had their greatest impact on the development of European art, Drost is a painter about whom very little is known. |
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http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Willem_Drost
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| | Indonesia - The United East India Company |
| | The United Provinces of the Netherlands was, in a sense, the world's first modern state. | | | Since then, it has served as the capital of the VOC, of the Netherlands Indies after 1816, and of the independent Indonesian state after World War II. | | | There followed a few years of "wild" or unregulated voyages, when several Dutch trading concerns sent out ships to the islands. |
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http://countrystudies.us/indonesia/7.htm
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| | Belgian Revolution: Information From Answers.com |
| | The Provisional Government in Brussels declared the creation of the independent state of Belgium, on October 4, 1830, in revolt against the government of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. | | | The main cause of the Belgian Revolution was the domination of the Dutch over the economic, political, and social institutions of the United Provinces. | | | The union, called the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, harkened back to 16th-century dynastic possessions but proved to be unworkable in the 19th century. |
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http://www.answers.com/topic/belgian-revolution
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| | Articles - Generality Lands |
| | The Generality Lands (Dutch: Generaliteitslanden) were about 20% of the territories of the United Provinces of the Netherlands, that were directly governed by the Estates- (or States-) General. | | | The city Maastricht was a condominium of the United Provinces and the Bishopric of Liège. | | | After the French occupation of the Southern Netherlands and the proclamation of the Batavian Republic in 1795 the Generality Lands ceased to exist. |
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http://www.multisection.com/articles/Staats-Oppergelre
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| | Modern History Sourcebook: William Temple: Dutch Government |
| | From Observations upon the United Provinces of the Netherlands | | | Sir William Temple was ambassador to the Netherlands and wrote an account of its government. | | | In the first constitution of this government, after the revolt from Spain, all the power and rights of Prince William of Orange, as Governor of the Provinces, seem to have been carefully reserved. |
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http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/17dutch.html
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| | Kingdom of the Netherlands |
| | The United Provinces of the Netherlands, or Dutch Republic came into being as a result of the Dutch revolt against Spanish rule in the second half of the 16th century. | | | In 1815 the Congress of Vienna reunited the Belgian territories and those of the United Provinces to form the Kingdom of the Netherlands. | | | For the next 45 years the United Provinces were without a stadholder. |
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http://family-of-man.com/CatalogEnglish/Europe/Low_Countries/kingdom_of_the_netherlands.html
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| | Holland Or The Seven United Provinces, And The Netherlands. / Carey, Mathew / 1814 |
| | Holland Or The Seven United Provinces, And The Netherlands. | | | The Map of the United States is an updated copy of the U.S. map engraved by Henry Tanner that appeared in the first edition of Melish's Travels In the United States, published in 1812. | | | All historical cartographic items are from the David Rumsey Historical Map Collection, http://www.davidrumsey.com/, a large collection of online historical maps. |
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http://www.davidrumsey.com/maps3326.html
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| | Netherlands - The Heart Of Holland |
| | Hence it is a misnomer to speak of the United Provinces of the Netherlands as Holland. | | | When they speak of their country of the Netherlands, they include both North and South Holland together with the southern provinces of Zeeland (with Zeeland-Flanders), North Brabant and Limburg, the central provinces of Utrecht and Gelderland, and the northeastern provinces of Overyssel, Drenthe, Friesland, and Groningen - eleven in all. | | | When the Dutch speak of Holland they signify the two contiguous provinces of North and South Holland that lie along the North Sea coast in the west of the Netherlands. |
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http://www.oldandsold.com/articles21/netherlands-16.shtml
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| | Teutonic Order in the Netherlands |
| | Now autonomous, the knights placed themselves under the protection of the United Provinces of the Netherlands in 1637, continuing to function as an hospitaller Order but without its Catholic character. | | | Following the loss of Prussia and the transfer of the Grand Magistery of the Order to Mergentheim, the majority of members of the Order in the Netherlands were converted to the Lutheran faith. | | | The return of the House of Orange and the institution of the Kingdom of the Netherlands under the former Stadtholder, Prince William of Nassau, prompted the revival of the Bailiwick as a Dutch Royal Order, effected by Royal Decree of 8 August 1815. |
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http://www.chivalricorders.org/orders/other/teutdtch.htm
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| | AllRefer.com - Holland, former county, Holy Roman Empire; former province, the Netherlands (Benelux History) - Encyclopedia |
| | Holland, former county of the Holy Roman Empire and, from 1579 to 1795, chief member of the United Provinces of the Netherlands. | | | The ports of Holland were closely linked with the Hanseatic League and later became, after the Netherlands had gained independence, major entrepOts and shipbuilding centers. | | | The Hoeks again rebelled when Archduke Maximilian (later Emperor Maximilian I) assumed the guardianship over the Netherlands after the death (1482) of Mary of Burgundy; their fleet was annihilated and their leaders executed in 1490. |
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http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/H/HollandHRE.html
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| | Study Questions Chapter 5 |
| | The seven northern provinces of the Spanish Netherlands that united and broke away from Spain were largely what religion? | | | What kind of government did the United Provinces of the Netherlands form? | | | Who successfully fought to free the Netherlands from Spanish control and then later shared the throne of England with his wife Mary? |
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http://www.homestead.com/rwallace/files/sqch5.html
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| | Language School Explorer - Afrikaans information. |
| | A relative majority of these first settlers were from the United Provinces (now Netherlands), though there were also many from Germany, a considerable number from France, a few from Scotland, and various other countries. | | | Many South Africans living and working in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom are also Afrikaans speakers. | | | The indentured workers and slaves were Malays, and Malagasy in addition to the indigenous Khoi and Bushmen. |
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http://www.school-explorer.com/Afrikaans
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