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| Â | Phoenician Enterprising Trade, Commerce and Crafts |
 | | This allowed them to sail the open seas, and as a result, the Phoenicians developed a flourishing sea trade. | | | On the other hand, it is no doubt possible that the Phoenicians imagined all the spices which they obtained from Arabia to be the indigenous growth of the country, when in fact some of them were importations. | | | The dangers of the German Ocean are certainly not greater than those of the Atlantic; and if the Phoenicians had sufficient skill in navigation to reach Britain and the Fortunate Islands, they could have found no very serious difficulty in penetrating to the Baltic. |
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http://www.banyansociety.org/histfinperiods/finantique/PhoenicianEnterprisingTrade.html
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| Â | Semitic Languages (and the Phoenician language) |
| | The Samaritan sect, which broke off from Judaism, held on to the ancient Canaanite script, using it to produce its own Aramaic translation. | | | (The language of the Sumerians, who actually invented cuneiform script, was not Semitic.) Akkadian was spoken in parts of what is today Iraq. | | | Tigrinya is spoken by some five million people, and thus it vies with modern Hebrew for the position as the third most widely spoken |
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http://phoenicia.org/semlang.html
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| Â | Phoenician Desception |
| | The "Phoenician Theory" was established in Europe during a time, when, as the renowned British classical scholar, S. Rembroke ( The Legacy of Greece, Oxford University Press, 1984) wrote, "The Phoenicians were given an intermediary role "that is not based on any historical information". | | | The most important thing about this excerpt is that in the critical phrase "… ama tin foni metevallon kai ton rhithmon ton grammaton," it is disclosed that the Phoenicians-Gefiraioi that went to Viotia with Cadmus brought some form of writing with them. |
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http://www.grecoreport.com/phoenician.htm
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| Â | Hebrew alphabet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | "Square"-related scripts were in use all over the Middle East for several hundred years, but following the rise of Christianity (and later, the rise of Islam), they gave way to the | | | Recent findings point to the direction that the Phoenician alphabet was derived from the ancient Cretans or Minoans ( Crete is a Mediterranean island in what is now | | | Aramaic script, which was used by Jews for writing Hebrew since the 6th century BC. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_alphabet
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| Â | Writing Systems and Manuscripts |
| | The Syriac scripts, an offshoot of cursive Aramaic, divide into numerous styles according to party. | | | While it would certainly be easier for modern scholars if we could simply separate documents by size, unfortunately, it is not that straightforward. | | | Commerce had held the primary role in the distribution and dissemination of writing systems. |
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http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/~www_sd/altman_writing.html
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| Â | IndiaStar book-review: "The Deciphered Indus Script" by Natwar Jha and N. S. Rajaram, reviewed by C. J. S. ... |
| | This claim arises from the deciphering of the ancient Indus script recently accomplished by Natwar Jha. | | | Commenting on Jha's earlier work, Rajaratnamwrote (before they were acquainted): "I find the readings so decisive that I am convinced that all previous theories, readings, and formulations have been rendered irrelevant by Jha's work. | | | This is only one of the revisions to our knowledge of history of science brought about by the decipherment of the Indus script." |
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http://www.indiastar.com/wallia27.htm
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| Â | Talk Reason |
| | But scientific evidence shows that the Jews started to use this script much later than 1313-1273 BCE, when Orthodox Judaism believes the Torah to have been written. | | | No Hebrew alphabet at the alleged time the Torah was written down. | | | For example, in several "Jewish script" Torah scrolls found in Qumran, the name YHWH is written in the "Hebrew script." Apparently, the "Jewish script," considered by all the Rabbinic leaders most holy, was not considered holy enough by the ancient Jewish scribes. |
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http://www.talkreason.com/articles/list.cfm
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| Â | Brother James and his Box of Tricks |
| | Alerted by scholar Andre Lemaire, an article appeared in the November-December issue of Biblical Archaeology Review – flatly stating that "This container provides the only New Testament-era mention of the central figure of Christianity and is the first-ever archaeological discovery to corroborate Biblical references to Jesus. | | | The Jewish collector who possessed the ossuary – Oded Golan – had not recognize its value, said Lemaire, because to him, "Jesus was known as the son of God, so he had no brother", an "unusual attitude for a Jew". | | | Warehouses filled with artifacts of questionable origin, Paleo-Hebraic inscriptions inscribed to order, boxes of earth from different parts of Israel to make fake patinas... |
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http://www.jesusneverexisted.com/James-box.html
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| Â | The Arabic Language Script |
| | In Palmyrene, and Nabataean, the ambiguity brought by the use of ligatures was even more marked, but no attempts was made to obviate the confusion by the use of dots. | | | This is the so-called naskhi script, which has remained perhaps the most popular script in the Arab world. | | | Rapidly executed, the script does not appear to have been subject to formal and rigorous rules, and not all the surviving examples are the work of professional scribes. |
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http://www.indiana.edu/~arabic/arabic_script.htm
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| Â | The Correlation Analysis of the Hungarian Rovás |
| | This is becoming obvious if we compare the letter A, called Aleph by the people of Levant or Alpha by the old Greeks. | | | This implies, that in the ancient times there may have been another path of dispersing the cultures, apart from the Mediterranean, which may have involved the Asiatic geographical regions. | | | This is not a surprise: we know that the Roman script was introduced into the Hungarian language during the middle ages, not without pain and lots of accommodations, which even today can not be called perfect (remember just the multitude of double special letters, umlauts, acutes etc.). |
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http://www4.tpgi.com.au/etr/rovas/ana/anal.html
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| Â | Phoenician inscriptions from around the world |
| | When that theory was discounted in the 1960s, it left scholars baffled. | | | He has submitted a paper on his theory to The Numismatist, a leading journal in the study of coins, which has accepted McMenamin's paper on the theory for publication. | | | Fell also claimed the dots beside some glyphs were actually writing, a script called "Tiffinagh'' that was widely used in Bronze Age times from North Africa to Scandinavia. |
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http://www.british-israel.ca/Phoenician.htm
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| Â | New Zealand History - the Phoenician discovery of NZ |
| | At the end of the seventh century B.C., the Egyptian Pharaoh Necho commissioned ten Phoenician ships to sail right around the continent of Africa ! | | | This etching looks like a sailing ship, viewed from an elevation, and as if the observer were watching the ship sailing away - as if seen on the mountain, from that very spot where it was found... | | | Herodotus, a Greek traveler and geographer, described this journey two hundred years later in his History, written sometime in the 5th century B.C. We know it Africa to be washed on all sides by the sea, except where it is attached to Asia. |
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http://www.zealand.org.nz/alternat1.htm
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| Â | [No title] |
| | This feature is found in the ancient Syrian and Palmyrene forms of Phoenician. | | | and is identified with Hercules of the Phoenicians. | | | This late date is assumed merely because some of the Ogam inscriptions occur on Early Christian tombstones, which sometimes contain bi-lingual versions in Roman letters in Latin or Celtic, which presumably date to about that period. |
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http://www.jrbooksonline.com/pob/pob_ch05.html
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| Â | AncientScripts.com: Phoenician |
| | There were many branches that sprang up from Phoenician, like Hebrew, Greek, and Aramaic. | | | Phoenician itself remained in use, in the form of Punic (more cursive), until about 200 AD. | | | Like Proto-Sinaitic, Phoenician is a "consonantal alphabet", also known as "abjad", and only contains letters representing consonants. |
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http://www.ancientscripts.com/phoenician.html
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| Â | Phoenician Alphabet |
| | The Gephyraei, to whom the two men who killed Hipparchus belonged...I have myself looked into the matter and find that they were really Phoenicians, descendants of those who came with Cadmus to what is now Boeotia where they were allotted the district of Tanagra to make their homes in. | | | Phoenician is written from right to left horizontally. | | | The strict Jewish observance of using the Tetragrammaton conformed not only to the original Hebrew language but also to the original Phoenician script. |
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http://www.phoenicia.org/alphabet.html
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| Â | [No title] |
| | But having latterly devoted an entire time for many years past to the comparative study at first hand of the ancient scripts and historical documents of the Hitt-ites, Sumerians, Akkads, AEgeans and Phoenicians, and the Aramaic, Gothic Runes and Ogams, I took up again the Newton Stone inscriptions for detailed examination. | | | I thereupon found that the strings of personal, ethnic and Place-names were substantially identical in both inscriptions, thus disclosing them to be really bi-lingual versions of the same. | | | By this time, I had observed that the early inscriptions of the Phoenicians were written in Aryan language, Aryan script, and in the Aryan direction, that is towards the right |
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http://www.jrbooksonline.com/pob/pob_ch04.html
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| Â | [No title] |
| | Early Hebrew has been used since the 9th century B.C. a siniform script used in the Jiang state established by the Jurchen (from Manchuria), 1115-1234. | | | Used to write Geez, Amharic, Tigrinya etc., written from left to right. | | | 1650-1190 B.C. cuneiform script in Hurrianlanguage, which is neither Indo-European nor Semitic. |
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http://www.stabi.hs-bremerhaven.de/gbs2/whkmla/images/scripts/scriptsak.html
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| Â | Sacred Names - Fact or Fiction |
| | While these two discoveries do not prove that Hebrew was not one of the languages of the pre-flood world; their discovery does document extremely ancient languages of unknown origin that bear no resemblance to ancient or modern Hebrew, or any other known script. | | | Some point to the ancient Moabite Stone to prove Hebrew was the universal language, but the writing on the stone only proves two things: It shows that the name of the Hebrew God was different from the heathen god Baal, and that Hebrew was one among many languages in use during that time. | | | Eber, the father of the Hebrews, was not born until about 73 years after the Flood and at least 600 years after the Tower of Babel incident. |
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http://www.ouronlyhope.org/sacred_names_bible_study_1.html
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| Â | Altman: Aspects of Older Writing Systems |
| | Content, in turn, is constrained by political and religious affiliation. | | | Scripts, however, are closed systems, carefully designed to work within the complex unity we call a writing system. | | | The incipit, nevertheless, tells us that the book was known during the period by the title 'haserech lekol eidat israel'. |
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http://orion.mscc.huji.ac.il/orion/programs/Altman/Altman99.shtml
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| Â | Preservation of the Revelation Received by the Prophets Muhammad and Jesus |
| | This script had 22 symbols, all written individually and all consonantal. | | | This suggests that the Arabic script might not have been fully defined, since definition and development is expected to come with extensive use. | | | The early existence of Kufi script is also supported by some inscriptions: |
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http://www.islamicperspectives.com/Preservation3.htm
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| Â | The History of the Information Highway |
| | Traders such as the Phoenicians created the need for “things you’ve never seen before” and spread “specialists” around the “known world”. | | | If you’re lucky, one of your sons will figure it out. | | | Reliable mail delivery--even if it took days or weeks--allowed ‘pen pals’ to develop between politicians, scientists, and artists who admired each other’s works (delivered by the local equivalent of the Phoenicians) but who had never met. |
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http://www.hoboes.com/html/NetLife/Children/history.html
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| Â | Script |
| | Order the e-book to find out how to get work in this career. | | | This page is a listing of sites that offers Script. | | | Indology: On The Origin Of The Early Indian Scripts - Posited an extensive pre-history, going as far back as the 8th century Bc, for the Brâhmî script, which he derived from the Phoenician script. |
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http://1stnova.com/Web_Site_Design/Script/more50.html
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| Â | The important stages of THE SCRIPT |
| | - 850 Development of the Arab and Hebraic scripts | | | - 3.110 Egyptian consonantal Thinite script, second Sumerian script | | | Paleo-Hebraic script in Palestine, foreunner of the square Hebrew |
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http://trans-science.enfrance.org/en/ecriture.htm
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| Â | Phoenician script |
| | The following scripts were created based on this script ( show family tree): |
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http://www.ontopia.net/i18n/script.jsp?id=phoenician-s
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| Â | Iron Age on Encyclopedia.com |
| | Villages were fortified, warfare was conducted on horseback and in horse-drawn chariots, and alphabetic writing based on the Phoenician script became widespread. | | | For the first time humans were able to exploit efficiently the temperate forests. | | | Distinctive art styles in metal, pottery, and stone characterized many Iron Age cultures. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/I/IronA1ge.asp
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| Â | Script Links and Test Pages |
| | Visit Varnie Karmo's site to learn about the Bassa people of Liberia and Sierra Leone. | | | This site was formerly Scripts of all India, and it has grown and is still growing ! | | | Learn about the history and culture of the region. |
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http://home.att.net/~jameskass/scriptlinks.htm
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| Â | Evans, Sir Arthur John. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 |
| | His writings include Cretan Pictographs and Prae-Phoenician Script (1895), The Mycenaean Tree and Pillar Cult (1901), and The Palace of Minos (4 vol., 1921–35). | | | The Palace of Minos at Knossos as restored by Evans is based on fragmentary evidence and has proven quite controversial. |
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http://www.bartleby.com/65/ev/Evans-AJ.html
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| Â | Hebrew alphabet |
| | The modern Hebrew script was developed from a script known as Proto-Hebrew/Early Aramaic. | | | Ancient Berber, Arabic, Divehi Akuru, Hebrew, Mandaic, Middle Persian, Nabataean, Parthian, Phoenician, Proto-Hebrew, Psalter, Sabaean, Samaritan, South Arabian, Syriac, Tifinagh, Ugaritic | | | The earliest Hebrew script was derived from a Phoenician script. |
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http://www.omniglot.com/writing/hebrew.htm
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| Â | Hebrewalephbeth - encyclopedia article about Hebrewalephbeth. Free access, no registration needed. What does ... |
| | By printing, downloading, or using the content on the freedictionary.com, including general dictionary, medical dictionary, computing dictionary, legal dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, encyclopedia, and any reference data you agree to our full terms. | | | For webmasters: Linking to the Dictionary - Dictionary lookup box - Script word lookup - Partner with us | | | For surfers: Instant word lookup for your browser - Help |
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http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Hebrewalephbeth
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