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| | Encyclopedia4U - Ottoman Empire - Encyclopedia Article |
 | | The Venetians had gained reinforcements by sea but when the Ottomans stormed the city the outcome was given and the Venetians fled to their ships. | | | The outcome of the Battle of Salonika was a setback for Murad and when Serbia and Hungary allied themselves with Venice, the young sultan was involved in one of the Ottoman Empire's worst conflicts ever, with all odds against it. | | | This was all quickly reversed however by the British supported revolt of the Arabs, who lead by T. |
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http://www.encyclopedia4u.com/o/ottoman-empire.html
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| | Royalty.nu - Sultans of the Ottoman Empire - History of Turkey |
| | The financial collapse of the Ottoman government in 1875 was a pivotal event in the history of the Middle East. | | | This subtle and complex interpretation of the early Ottoman period demonstrates how ethnic, tribal, linguistic, religious, and political affiliations were all at play in the struggle for power in Anatolia and the Balkans during the late Middle Ages. | | | Ipek: The Crescent and the Rose: Imperial Ottoman Silks and Velvets by Julian Raby, Alison Effeny, Nurhan Atasoy, Walter B. Denny, Louise W. Mackie. |
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http://www.royalty.nu/history/empires/Ottoman
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| | The Ottomans: Origins |
| | This, in Ottoman political theory, was the primary task of the Sultan. | | | Once a Sultan had assumed the throne, all his brothers were executed as well as all their sons—had Selim I lost his bid for the crown, Suleyman would have been killed. | | | If the Sultan believed that an injustice was being committed against the people, he would interfere directly and overturn the decision. |
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http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/OTTOMAN/ORIGIN.HTM
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| | Al-Ahram Weekly Chronicles Europe's 'old man' dies |
| | The renunciation of the "sultan" in Egypt was one of the byproducts of the Declaration of 28 February 1922, according to which the British recognised the independence of Egypt. | | | The suspicion was confirmed when it was further discovered that Prince Abdallah, the son of King Hussein, had been awaiting the arrival of the warship, which he boarded in the name of his father who was awaiting his arrival in the Hijaz. | | | The Egyptian press soon turned from ideological discussions to news of the deposed sultan and the former regime. |
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http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2000/476/chrncls.htm
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| | Deringil1 |
| | The sultan held up his hands and shouted in his deep voice: 'Don't panic!' He then mounted his carriage, took the reins, and as he passed the foreign dignitaries they all shouted 'Hooray!' in one voice. | | | Resid Pasa possibly the greatest Turkish statesman of the nineteenth century, listed his 'three pillars of the state' as Islam, the sultanate and the caliphate all of which were sustained by the House of Osman which protected Mecca and Medina and the continuity of Istanbul as the capital of the empire. | | | It is fairly clear from his 'reading' of their ceremonial placing, and the fact that he specifically pointed out that the Albanians and Arabs did not speak Turkish, while the innermost circle were 'exclusively Turks', that he was sensitized to the gradations of ethnic loyalty projected by the ceremonial guard. |
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http://coursesa.matrix.msu.edu/~fisher/hst373/readings/Deringil1.html
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| | Mavi Boncuk: Art and diplomacy in Ottoman Constantinople |
| | In The Muslim Discovery of Europe (Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1982) Bernard Lewis states that, for Ottomans, 'the idea of an alliance with Christian powers, even against other Christian powers, was strange and, to some, abhorrent'. | | | France was not the Ottoman Empire's only Christian ally. | | | Thereafter the Ottoman empire rarely lacked Christian allies. |
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http://maviboncuk.blogspot.com/2004/05/art-and-diplomacy-in-ottoman.html
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| | Albania and the Eastern Question |
| | The sultan sent an Ottoman general to Bitola (then called Monastir, in Macedonia), where he invited 1,000 Muslim Albanian leaders to meet him, and in August 1830 Reshid Pasha had about 500 of the Albanian leaders killed. | | | Albanian beys then moved from the northern mountains to the fertile lands of Kosovo, which had been abandoned by thousands of Orthodox Serbs fearing reprisals for their collaboration with the Christian forces. | | | The government under Skanderbeg was unstable, however, and at times local Albanian rulers cooperated with the Ottoman Turks against him. |
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http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/593Alb.html
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| | Ottomans |
| | Deposed by revolt of Patrona Halil and died in prison. | | | Next, the system of impressing Christian youths (devshirme) was instituted; converted to Islam and given the finest training, they became the elite of the army. |
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http://website.lineone.net/~johnbidmead/ottomans.htm
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| | The Ottoman Sultans of Turkey & Successors in Romania |
| | Against the Ottomans alone, the Greeks could well have been successful, but the Sultan called in Muh.ammad 'Alî, who had modernized the Eyptian army enough that the rebellion was being suppressed. | | | To a considerable extent he succeeded, though Turkey is still haunted by the shadow of the military dictatorship that he himself represented, by the threat of militant Islâm, whose mediaevalism is fully triumphant in neighboring Irân, and by the disaffection of the Kurds, whose very existence was legally denied for many years. | | | Nevertheless, Britain could not allow too much oppression of subject Christians, and as the century wore on, small Christian states, from Serbia to Greece to Bulgaria, were allowed autonomy and then independence by the agreement of the Great Powers. |
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http://www.friesian.com/turkia.htm
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| | Brief History of Turkish Jews |
| | It has been suggested that one of the characteristics that extended the domination of the Ottoman Empire was its allowance of religious freedom for the different nationalities and minorities under its rule. | | | When the news of expulsion reached the Ottoman Empire, the Sultan (Emperor) Beyazit II issued a decree to welcome the Jews. | | | Sultan Beyazit II welcoming Jews to Ottoman Empire in 1492 |
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http://www.science.co.il/hi/Turkish
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| | illustrated ottoman empire encyclopedia of habibullah (sultan, topkapi, ottoman, palace, harem, eunuch, history, ... |
| | Shaw argues that the latter was one of the great agents of Ottoman reform despite his short term in office...Halil fell prey to court intrigues, was dismissed, and then executed by the sultan -- when he was suspected of plotting a coup. | | | Next, he charged against the Serbian conscript troops on the second line to the Ottoman right. | | | Vizier Ahmed Paşa was also killed in battle -- during an Ottoman attack on Crete. |
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http://www2.egenet.com.tr/mastersj/encyclopedia-a.html
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| | Muhammad II, Ottoman sultan |
| | Late Ottoman Rule over Palestine: Its Evaluation in Arab, Turkish and Israeli Histories, 1970-90. | | | To Greek and Armenian citizens of Constantinople he granted the privileges that they were to enjoy throughout Ottoman rule, including the freedom to practice Orthodox Eastern Christianity. | | | Muhammad moved his capital from Adrianople to Constantinople and restored the greatness of that city by settling there the populations of other conquered towns. |
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http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0834341.html
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| | Osmanli - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Due to the popularity the Sultan earned at the conquest, he felt safe in ordering his Grand Vizier killed. | | | From 1517 onwards, the Ottoman Sultan was also Caliph, which theoretically also gave him overlordship over other Muslim rulers around the world. | | | In the beginning, all the sons were given governing experience and any of them could be chosen to lead. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Sultan
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| | Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Culture - Coins of Ottoman Period |
| | The thing that enabled Ottoman live in those wide lands for 600 years was that tolerance policy. | | | Mekke and Medine which are the holiest cities of Islam religion were included in Ottoman lands. | | | Considering himself as the heir of Ilhanlı State, Timur enslaved Yıldırım going forward to east, in Ankara War (14029 and returned all the lands that Ottoman had taken from other beyliks. |
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http://www.kultur.gov.tr/portal/tarih_en.asp?belgeno=1347
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| | N2 |
| | The sun is a sign of daylight and life as opposed to darkness. | | | The Ottoman coat-of-arms received remarkable respect from the people and was widely adopted by them, for the Ottoman people saw that their religious and national symbols were prominently displayed on the coat-of-arms. | | | Certainly, Sultan Abdülhamid II who designed the Ottoman coat-of-arms knew that his tugra would be replaced by another. |
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http://www.byegm.gov.tr/yayinlarimiz/NEWSPOT/1999/mar/N2.htm
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| | History of The Ottoman Empire - Time of Fatih Mehmet the Conquerer |
| | War with Venice ends in 1479 with the Venetians giving up Scutari (Uskudar) and other stations on the coast and agreeing to pay a tribute for permission to trade in the Black Sea. | | | Ottomans invade Bosnia in 1453; Bosnian nobles refuse to support Catholic king, Stephen, and hand over fortresses to Mehmet, many converting to Islam at the same time, thus beginning the process which ultimately sees most Bosnians become Muslims. | | | The Balkans, except for the immediate areas around Constantinople, Athens, and Salonika and the extreme southern Morea are ruled by Bayezit from his capital at Edirne. |
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http://www.turizm.net/turkey/history/ottoman1.html
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| | Royalty.nu - Turkish Royal History - Ottoman Empire - Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent |
| | The lives of three people -- Suleyman, his wife Hurrem (Roxelana), and his prime minister Ibrahim -- become intertwined in passion, conflict, conquest, and defeat. | | | An account of the sultan's impact on Christian Europe from 1520 to the 1560s. | | | A biography of the great Ottoman sultan Suleyman I, who ruled from 1520 to 1566. |
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http://www.royalty.nu/history/empires/Ottoman/Suleiman.html
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| | Murad, Ottoman Sultan (1361-1389) |
| | Murad himslf invaded with relatively small numbers, but by the end of his reign he was able to raise large numbers of troops settled as Timariots across the Balkons. | | | Second son of Sultan Orkhan, Murad created the European part of the Ottoman Empire. | | | He was killed at the Battle of Kossovo in 1389, although the battle was an Ottoman victory and crushed the last Serbian resistance to the Turks, leaving the burden to fall on the Hungarians. |
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http://www.rickard.karoo.net/articles/people_murad.html
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| | AllRefer.com - Muhammad VI, Ottoman sultan (Turkish And Ottoman History, Biography) - Encyclopedia |
| | In 1924 the caliphate was abolished and all members of the Ottoman house were exiled. | | | After his flight he was deposed as caliph, in which capacity he was succeeded by his cousin, Abd al-Majid. | | | Muhammad VI or Mehmet VI, 1861–1926, last Ottoman sultan (1918–22), brother and successor of Muhammad V. He became sultan of the Ottoman Empire (Turkey) near the end of World War I and soon capitulated to the Allies, who occupied Constantinople and sought to rule through him what remained of Turkey. |
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http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/M/Muhammd6-Ot.html
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| | Memories of Khassaki Sultan |
| | The Mawardiyya School has been wrongly identified in several monographs as al-Rasasseyya, and was considered part of Ribat Bayram Jawish, but in fact it is a madrasa independent of the Ribat. | | | The management of this institution was supervised by a group of the highest employees of the Ottoman administration. | | | Four additional villages, along with their farms and fields, from the waqf of the Sultan Sulayman al-Qanouni were added to these villages immediately after the death of his wife Khassaki Sultan. |
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http://www.jqf-jerusalem.org/2000/jqf7/natsheh.html
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| | Ottoman sultan |
| | From empire to military rule to democracy, Turkey's capital city has seen many things. | | | Istanbul's Blue Mosque was built partly as an effort to show Christians that Ottoman culture could produce something to rival the Hagia Sophia. |
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http://www.infothis.com/find/Ottoman_sultan
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| | Muhammad V, Ottoman sultan |
| | He exercised no actual power under the new constitution, and the administration was dominated by | | | He succeeded to the throne of the Ottoman Empire (Turkey) when the liberal Young Turk revolution of 1909 deposed his brother, Abd al-Hamid II. | | | Muhammad V or Mehmet V,1844–1918, Ottoman sultan (1909–18). |
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http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/people/A0834344.html
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