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| | Farsi, the most widely spoken Persian Language, a Farsi Dictionary, Farsi English Dictionary, The spoken language in ... |
 | | Significant populations of speakers in other Persian Gulf countries (Bahrain, Iraq, Oman, People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, and the United Arab Emirates), as well as large communities in the USA. | | | Some (Westerners) thought that it was perhaps one of the new countries like Iraq and Jordan carved out of the ruins of the Ottoman Empire, or a country in Africa or Southeast Asia that had just been granted independence; and not a few confused it with Iraq, itself a recent entity. | | | Ethnic Groups: Persian 51%, Azeri 24%, Gilaki & Mazandarani 8% Kurd 7%, Arab 3%, Lur 2%, Baluch 2%, Turkmen 2%, Other 1% |
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http://www.farsinet.com/farsi
(1164 words)
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| | S. H. Taqizadeh: Old Iranian Calendars |
| | It is also generally believed that, in adopting the Egyptian vague year, the Iranians changed the year's beginning from the season corresponding at that time to the Egyptian New Year (December) to the vernal equinox. | | | The legend of Zoroastrian cosmogony, according to which the "seven planets" including the Sun in Aries, | | | The history and development of the Iranian calendar may be recapitulated according to the theory laid down in this article as follows: -- |
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http://www.avesta.org/taqizad.htm
(16035 words)
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| | Persian |
| | He paid for the upkeep of a madrasah at Makka which is said to have been awe-inspiring. | | | However, it was used only for royal inscriptions, because few people could read it. | | | As people converted to Islam, they became acquainted with the quran and Sunnah in Arabic, as well as with Persian, the language of the Sufi preacher. |
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http://search.com.bd/banglapedia/Content/HT/P_0148.HTM
(5630 words)
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| | Old Persian Carpets |
| | In addition to the settling Qashqai there were also Lori and Afshari in the Abadeh area. | | | To the left is a fine example of an old Lori Abadeh rug." | | | Exhibition at Persia Geneva 23 April 2004: "Professor Martin Rudner of Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada - world authority on neo-classical Persian carpets of the Shah Reza period - will give a talk on the importance of the remarkable collection unveiled at the event. |
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http://old-persian-carpets.blogspot.com
(905 words)
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| | Old Persian language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | This situation had its origin in the Assyrian cuneiform syllabary, where several syllabic distinctions had been lost and were often clarified with explicit vowels. | | | Old Persian was written from left to right in a kind of Cuneiform script. | | | Old Persian texts (including inscriptions, tablets and seals) have been found in Iran, Turkey and Egypt. |
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http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Persian
(558 words)
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| | THE IRANIAN: Features: Language, Persian or Farsi |
| | We should therefore avoid the use of the word Farsi instead of Persian (or Persan in French) because it not only violates historical fact but also some of the regularities of the language in which we speak. | | | This attempt to replace the word "Persian" with "Farsi" is not only incongruous with the history of the language but also creates confusion and misunderstanding. | | | Persian became the lingua franca of the region during the Islamic period. |
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http://www.iranian.com/Features/Dec97/Persian
(1032 words)
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| | AncientScripts.com: Old Persian |
| | Avesta -- Zoroastrian Archive, a very extensive site on Avesta and Old Persian. | | | Old Persian only kept the cuneiform appearance of its character simply out of tradition, and the actual shape of the signs were completely original. | | | It was not a direct descendent of Sumerian and Akkadian systems, because even though Old Persian is cuneiform, its signs did not correspond to earlier signs. |
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http://www.ancientscripts.com/print.cgi?f=oldpersian.html
(158 words)
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| | The old Persian calendar |
| | This has as a consequence, which the calendar beginning of the year does not run any longer synchronously to the actual beginning of the year. | | | The information to the old Persian calendar with care were investigated. | | | Usually the government years of the respective ruler were indicated and as each new ruler began a new yearly counting. |
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http://www.kalendersysteme.de/english/calendar/systems/calendar_13.html
(267 words)
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| | Iran: History |
| | Persian Gulf and Iran's Sovereignty over the Tunbs and Abu Musa Islands in Historical Documents - Part I (Iran Daily) | | | Persian Gulf Command: Lifeline to the Soviet Union | | | Cambyses II, the Persian Ruler of Egypt And His Lost Army |
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http://www.parstimes.com/Iran_history.html
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| | Guardian Unlimited Arts features Persia in pieces |
| | British Museum director Neil MacGregor introduces five objects that tell the story of the largest political unit the world, in 500BC, had ever seen | | | The Shah's extravaganza at Persepolis in 1971 was a clear attempt (by no means his only one) to appropriate the inheritance of Cyrus. | | | As the Persians wrote very little about how they ran their affairs, the Greek propaganda of the 5th century BC has for centuries gone virtually unchallenged - indeed, for Edward Said, it was the beginning of Europe's long habit of misunderstanding and ill-informed contempt of the Middle East. |
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http://www.guardian.co.uk/arts/features/story/0,11710,1589965,00.html
(661 words)
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| | WWW-VL History Index: IRAN |
| | The Decree of Return for the Jews, 539 BC, {from the Kurush Prism] from The Internet Ancient History Sourcebook | | | The Persians Reject Democracy/Darius' State, by Herodotus, from The Internet Ancient History Sourcenook | | | Queen Tomyris of the Massagetai and the Defeat of the Persians Under Cyrus |
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http://www.parstimes.com/history/VL/middle_east/iran.html
(2395 words)
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| | Iranian Music Bibliography |
| | Investigates the Performance of Persian Dastgah system among the Iranian Jews immigrants. | | | The Jews of southwest Iran : A study of cultural persistence. | | | The relationship of political structure, religious and economic conditions, however, are included. |
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http://www.shayda.net/bibliography.html
(3462 words)
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| | AllRefer.com - Persian language (Language And Linguistics) - Encyclopedia |
| | Persian language, member of the Iranian group of the Indo-Iranian subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages (see Indo-Iranian languages). | | | A number of Arabic words were added to the vocabulary as the result of the conquest of the Persians by the Muslim Arabs in the 7th cent. | | | Middle Persian also had a noteworthy literature of Manichaean and Zoroastrian texts. |
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http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/P/Perslang.html
(420 words)
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| | New Page 1 |
| | This inscription indicates that Cambyses murdered his brother known as Smerdis (Farsi: Bardia) prior to his departure for Egypt (10). | | | Afterward I impaled him at Ecbatana; and the men who were his foremost followers, those at Ecbatana within the fortress I (flayed and) hung out (their hides, stuffed with straw). | | | Ancient Indo-Europeans believed Mithra to be the protector of covenants and green fields, as she was the destroyer of drought and famine. |
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http://www.vohuman.org/SlideShow/Behistun/Behistun.htm
(5241 words)
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| | Old Iranian Online |
| | Though the modern reader may be struck by his excessive bravado ("Among those [who] were earlier kings, not as much was done thus by them as was done by me..."), it is likely that he was primarily concerned with establishing and/or legitimating Persian claims on subjected lands. | | | Their relative simplicity suggests that they were quite deliberately modified for representing the Old Persian, and were perhaps even specifically developed for the royal inscriptions on which they are found. | | | This means that, unlike English in which syntax is primarily governed by word order and the use of prepositions, the functional relationships among the various words in a sentence are expressed by inflections, or endings, added to the stem, or base form, of a noun or adjective. |
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http://www.utexas.edu/cola/depts/lrc/eieol/aveol-7-X.html
(2520 words)
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| | Parthia (1) |
| | The Persian satrap of Parthia was Hystaspes, the father of the new Persian king; he managed to stand his ground against the Parthian rebels in the city Vishpauzâtish, where he repelled his enemies on March 8, 521. | | | After Hystaspes had received as reinforcements the troops which had captured Phraortes at Rhagae (Tehran), he was able to attack the Parthians and Hyrcanians near the Parthian town Patigrabana (July 11). | | | The Athenian playwright Aeschylus tells us that among the Persian commanders who were killed during this war, was a cavalry leader 'on a mail-clad horse' called Arsaces (Persians 996). |
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http://www.livius.org/pan-paz/parthia/parthia01.html
(719 words)
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| | Persian language |
| | It is believed that there must have been a fair level of mutual intelligibility between the Iranian languages of this period, and more than there would be in later periods. | | | Middle Persian was, just like Old Persian, spoken in southwestern Iran, Parthian was spoken in the north, while a group of languages (Khwarezmian, Sogdian and Saka) were spoken in southeast. | | | Persian belongs to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian language family. |
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http://i-cias.com/e.o/persian_l.htm
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| | Old Persian Turtle. |
| | His hopes persian turtle were obliged to wait for his return. | | | She persian turtle had laid against the wall the night before. | | | Persian turtle she went on much longer he gathered from conrad that if this might help me to death. |
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http://persian-turtle.p7.org.uk/old-persian-turtle.html
(566 words)
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| | Punjab University lecturer to reproduce old Persian texts |
| | “Persian texts are a part of the identity of Iranians and those who speak this language throughout the world. | | | Miras-e Maktub Publications identifies old texts written by Iranian and Islamic authors kept in domestic and foreign libraries for publication. | | | Experts of the institute also research the works and restore parts of the books if necessary. |
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http://www.mehrnews.com/en/NewsDetail.aspx?NewsID=161557
(185 words)
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| | Old Persian Cuneiform |
| | Some scholars are sceptical about Darius' claims, others take them seriously, although they think that Darius probably commissioned his scribes to create the alphabet, rather than inventing it himself. | | | Darius I (550-486 BC) claims credit for the invention of Old Persian Cuneiform in an inscription on a cliff at Behistun in south-west Iran. | | | Old Persian was spoken in southwestern Persia, an area known as Persis, and belongs to the Iranian branch or the Indo-Aryan family of languages. |
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http://www.omniglot.com/writing/opcuneiform.htm
(221 words)
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| | Iranian & Persian Studies |
| | The Aga Khan Chair in Iranian is today one of two chairs in Old Iranian studies in the Americas and one of not many more than a handful in the world. | | | Persian Studies is typically paired with sub-fields such as Arabic, Islamic religion and culture, Indo-Muslim culture, Sufism, linguistics, philosophy, Near Eastern history, Turkish, and the history of art. | | | For entry into this program, a knowledge of Persian is assumed and some undergraduate work in Arabic and in the history and culture of the Islamic world is recommended.. |
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http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~nelc/iranian_persian.html
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| | Old Persian - The Script of old Persian |
| | But the remainder of his readings, even in these inscriptions, is sorry stuff, and he could never realize in later years that the foundations which he had laid had been built upon and improved. | | | He assumed that the inscriptions were inscriptions of the Achaemenian kings, that they consisted essentially of the names and titles of the kings, and that those in the simplest type of writing were in Persian, closely resembling the language of the Avesta. | | | The Script of the old Persian inscription is, as we have said, of the cuneiform type: that is, the characters are made of strokes which can be impressed on soft materials by a stylus having an angled end. |
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http://www.farvardyn.com/oldpersian1.php
(687 words)
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| | Old Persian Cuneiform Corpus and Concordance of Verbs |
| | This web site is (a portion of) the result of an independent study with Professor Simin Karimi on Iranian languages. | | | This web site offers two resources for the scholar of Old Persian. | | | You will need to install it on your computer before you can view the files in the original glyphs. |
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http://www.u.arizona.edu/~tabaker/op
(562 words)
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| | Encyclopedia Mythica: Persian mythology |
| | Much of the information about Persian (old-Iranian) gods can be found in the religious texts from Zarathustra such as the Avesta, and in later sources such as the Bundahishn and the Denkard. | | | The beliefs and practices of the culturally and linguistically related group of ancient peoples who inhabited the Iranian Plateau and its borderlands, as well as areas of Central Asia from the Black Sea to Khotan (modern Ho-t'ien, China). | | | The original Avesta dates back to 1400 - 1200 BCE but it was destroyed by Alexander the Great when he invaded Persia. |
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http://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/middle_east/persian
(168 words)
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| | Old Persian language |
| | February 14, 2005 -- The dispute over the Iranian government's nuclear programme is only the latest quarrel in a half-century of animosity between Iran and the United States. | | | October 1, 2004 -- This paper examines George Bush's Persian Gulf war addresses as a representative anecdote of Bush's campaign to build an international military coalition. | | | Article Publication TimeStamp: 02/14/2005 02:00 AM Washington Monthly - How Congress won the war in the gulf - implementing the Goldwater-Nichols Defense Reorganization Act in the Persian Gulf War |
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http://www.articlesgalore.com/documents/Old_Persian_language
(515 words)
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| | "Simorgh: An Old Persian Fairy Tale" by Homa A. Ghahremani |
| | All Persian fairy tales begin with the sentence "There was being and nonbeing, there was none but God." This may be replaced by "Once Upon a time. | | | He had no mother because he was selfborn -- an initiate), who had no mother. | | | There was being and nonbeing, there was none but God (The duality of light and darkness has always existed in the fundamental belief of Iranians; light representing the essence of life which is consciousness, and darkness representing nonlife which is form. |
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http://www.theosophy-nw.org/theosnw/world/mideast/mi-homa.htm
(2377 words)
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| | Sword Forum International - “Shower shooting” or “Killing Zone” an old Persian technique used by Saracens |
| | Sounds similar to the massed firepower used by the English in the 100 years war, where the arrows were said to "darken" the sky. | | | the Athenians against the Spartans during the Pelopponesian War, the late Romans and Byzantines (who used to fight the Persians a lot) build their infantry tagma around the idea... | | | The Persians used it at Thermopylae, the ancient Romans used it with auxiliary slingers... |
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http://forums.swordforum.com/showthread.php?threadid=5610
(729 words)
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| | IL&S: Old Persian Language and Script |
| | This means that each character has the value of a vowel or of a consonant plus a vowel. | | | Old Persian is associated with the Inscriptional texts found in Persia, at Persepolis, the nearby Naqše Rostam and Pasargadae; in Elam, at Susa; in Media, at Hamadan and not too far away Behistan and Alvand; in Armenia at Van; and along the Suez Canal. | | | They are mostly inscriptions of Darius the Great (521-486 BC) and Xerxes (486-465 BC); and others in a corrupted form of the language, all the way down the line to Artaxerxes III (359-338 BC). |
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http://www.iranianlanguages.com/oldiranian/oldpersian.htm
(257 words)
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| | Old Persian Cuneiform |
| | The most ancient inscriptions date from 521, the Darius' texts (there are also several inscriptions which are sometimes considered as written even before Darius, but their genuineness is not proved yet). | | | Actually, Old Persian was similar to Akkadian only in graphics, but not in sound of symbols and their meanings. | | | That is why cuneiform seemed rather inconvenient for an Indo-European tongue (e.g., sounds like [pu] had to be written with the signs pa and u), and in the 4th century BC, after Alexander came to Asia, cuneiform was gradually replaced by the Greek alphabet everywhere. |
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http://indoeuro.bizland.com/project/script/oldpe.html
(280 words)
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| | Our Laws - The Code of Hammurabi - Cuneiform is Deciphered - Chapter - 4 |
| | But cracking the other languages did not go as smoothly. | | | And, although Assyrian was related to other Semitic languages (like Hebrew and Aramaic), it was complicated by all the old Sumerian signs and symbols. | | | When scholars trying to decipher the Susian/Elamite and Assyrian inscriptions finally cracked the mystery of those ancient languages, each man sealed his translation. |
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http://www.lawbuzz.com/ourlaws/hammurabi/cuneiform.htm
(488 words)
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| | Buy Persian art work from Iranian artist Reza Karimi |
| | This Persian bazaar was located in an old section of the Iranian city of Isfahan and, unfortunately, no longer exists. | | | This Persian artwork is a painterly representation of ancient Iran. | | | This Persian artwork has been sold to a private Persian Art collector in NJ, USA |
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http://www.iranianpaintings.com/old-bazaar.htm
(129 words)
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| | I have a 4 month old Persian kitten who got his 3rd set of... - Q&A |
| | I have a 4 month old Persian kitten who got his 3rd set of... | | | I have a 4 month old Persian kitten who got his 3rd set of boosters on Monday. | | | FAQS.ORG does not endorse any opinion or any product or service mentioned mentioned in these posts. |
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http://www.faqs.org/qa/qa-2816.html
(345 words)
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| | [daily dose of imagery] old persian door |
| | an old wooden door in rasht, a city close to caspian sea in northern iran. | | | two door knockers look different by design; one is for women and the other for men so people inside can tell if the visitor is male or female (an old tradition actually, which is rarely practiced nowadays) |
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http://wvs.topleftpixel.com/archives/photos_textures/040707_717.shtml
(96 words)
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| | Aryan Language (CAIS at SOAS) |
| | While the shapes of some Aryan letters may look similar to signs in Sumero-Akkadian Cuneiform script, only one of them, LA, is a borrowing from that script, and that because LA represents a sound not occurring in the Aryan language and is used in foreign names only. | | | when the Emperor Darius I the Great (522-486) ordered the Behistun inscription to be made, he also ordered the making of a special, Persian alphabet, which he called 'the Aryan script' after the name of official language. | | | It evolved into the Middle Persian language known as Pahlavi of Parthian and Sasanid Iran, and eventually into modern Persian language. |
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http://www.cais-soas.com/CAIS/Languages/aryan/aryan_language.htm
(1055 words)
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| | IngentaConnect Old Persian in Athens Revisited (Ar. Ach. 100) |
| | Against this view, it is argued here that a responsible reconstruction of an Old Persian original is possible if one takes into account what we nowadays know about late fifth-century Old Persian. | | | Moreover, the result, whose central element is the Persian verb for 'writing',fits in with both general considerations on linguistic realism in drama and the historical reality of diplomatic interaction between Greece and Persia during the Peloponnesian War. | | | The Old Persian line in Aristophanes' Acharnians (100) is commonly believed to contain nothing but comic gibberish. |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568525043083514
(138 words)
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| | Medieval Naming Guides: Arabic and Islamic |
| | The introduction to the second article gives some useful general information on languages of Persia and Persian naming. | | | Here is what the author had to say about the name lists: The Avestan names all occur in the Avesta itself, and thus can be dated to around 1000 BCE or earlier. | | | Persian Feminine Names from the Safavid Period, by Ursula Georges, edited by Aryanhwy merch Catmael |
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http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/islamic.shtml
(797 words)
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| | Old Persian: grammar, texts, lexicon (American oriental series) |
| | Kent relies on the transcription solely and admittedly changes some of the characters with others that usually represent completely different sounds, yet his key is not an easily understood one. | | | Old Persian: grammar, texts, lexicon (American oriental series) Review: This book offers a great many things, but is lacking in practicality. | | | The book offers a good amount of information and detail of the language and does compare the language with others. |
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http://www.textkit.com/0_B0007DDXQ8.html
(221 words)
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| | TITUS Texts: Old Persian Corpus |
| | Texts with no siglum are arranged according to the number as given in SSAI. | | | [In the present TITUS edition, there is no differentiation yet between transliterated and transcriptional Old Persian. |
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http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/iran/airan/apers/apers001.htm
(300 words)
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| | Persian - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch |
| | Jarhead : A Marine's Chronicle of the Gulf War and Other Battles | | | These exquisite renderings of the 13th-century Persian mystic's words into American free verse capture all the "inner searching, the delicacy, and simple groundedness" that... | | | The Root of Wild Madder : Chasing the History, Mystery, and Lore of the Persian Carpet |
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http://encyclopedia.worldsearch.com/persian.htm
(229 words)
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| | Old Persian Language |
| | This language surfaced at the same time as Zoroaster's Gatha (ca. | | | The aim of the Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions project is to create an electronic study edition of the inscriptions of the Achaemenid Persian kings in all of their versions--Old Persian, Elamite, Akkadian, and, where appropriate, Aramaic and Egyptian. | | | The Old persian language was one of the original Iranian languages. |
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http://www.perlit.sailorsite.net/oldper.html
(91 words)
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| | Old Persian Rugs |
| | Moosavi Persian Rugs has been Rug Merchants to the World for Six Generations offering their products to Avon, CT and the world. | | | A complete source of information on different Persian rugs. | | | The old Persian rugs are generally known by the... |
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http://www.orientalrugsacme.com/oldpersianrugs.html
(229 words)
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| | MSN Encarta - Parsis |
| | Parsis (Old Persian Parsa,“Persia”), followers of the ancient Persian religion known as Zoroastrianism, living in India, Iran, and Pakistan. | | | Become a subscriber today and gain access to: |
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http://uk.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761552014/Parsis.html
(58 words)
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| | UniPers: A New Alphabet for Persian |
| | Persian culture and language would become readily available to all... | | | To make reading and writing of the Persian language readily accessible to most users, regardless of their national origin and/or education level... | | | o provide the Persian language with a standard phonemic Latin-based script that is clear, simple, and consistent. |
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http://www.unipers.com
(148 words)
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| | Old Persian Information |
| | If you are in urgent need of finding information on this subject you may want to click one of the links found on this page for Old Persian or do a search at google. | | | For now you may want to try Old Persian at [coruwat.com] for information. | | | The most likely reason our database doesn't have the information on Old Persian is because our editors haven't gotten around to finalizing it yet. |
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http://www.echostatic.com/Old_Persian.html
(96 words)
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| | MATHORIGINS.COM_A |
| | A most valuable Greek manuscript of the Old and New Testaments, so named because it was brought to Europe from Alexandria and had been the property of the patriarch of that see. | | | Elam [Bahistun inscriptions in old Elamite] declined, spread their power westward. | | | For the sake of brevity, Walton, in his polyglot Bible, indicated it by the letter A and thus set the fashion of designating Biblical manuscripts by such symbols. |
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http://www.mathorigins.com/A.htm
(3668 words)
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| | Old Iranian Online |
| | Young Avestan: Yasna 10 -- excerpt from Hymn to Haoma | | | Young Avestan: Yast 10 -- excerpt from Hymn to Mithra | | | Old Persian: excerpts from Darian Inscription DB IV |
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http://www.utexas.edu/cola/depts/lrc/eieol/aveol-TC-X.html
(99 words)
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