|
| |
| | Frysk en Frij |
 | | The Frisian was to be free to defend himself against the sea and the attack of the Òwild VikingÓ (Mahmood 2). | | | At the peak of their power, the Frisians dominated the entire North sea shore, as evidenced by its former name the Mare Frisicum, or the ÒFrisian SeaÓ (Jellema). | | | The Frisians were a powerful and independent people. |
|
http://linguistics.byu.edu/classes/ling450ch/reports/frisian.html
(2583 words)
|
|
| |
| | i-Friesland: The history of the ancient Frisian people |
| | This Golden Age of Frisia lasted until the end of the 600s but the Frankish empire (present-day France and part of Germany) was an ever-present rival and threat. Clovis had united the Franks and converted to Christianity in 496 and the Pope in Rome had blessed them as heirs to the Roman Empire. | | | The next two hundred years saw huge migrations and the Germanic peoples began to form their own states. | | | The Frisians were largely self-governing in the Medieval Age. They had no king, nor lords, and the people practised democracy. There are 12 |
|
http://www.i-friesland.com/history.html
(571 words)
|
|
| |
| | frisian |
| | speakers of the East Frisian Island dialect of Wangerooge died at the beginning | | | speak Frisian, only 60% speak it to a shopkeeper, and only 42% report that they | | | West Frisian is spoken in the Dutch province of Friesland. |
|
http://www.tiersma.com/FRISIAN/FRISIAN.HTM
(2747 words)
|
|
| |
| | FrisianRelics |
| | Word-geographical and historical-phonological evidence in favour of a Frisian substratum had already been critically discussed by Van Haeringen (1921, 1923a,b). | | | Frisian umlaut of ô is found in nholl.stieme, engl. | | | The inquiries of the P.J. Meertens Instituut are sent out to correspondents in The Netherlands and in Belgium (Flanders) but not to Germany. |
|
http://members.chello.nl/e.hoekstra8/103FrisianRelics.htm
(2207 words)
|
|
| |
| | JH Prospectus: Frisian background |
| | The Roman historian Tacitus, writing in Germania, mentioned the Frisians among people he grouped together as the Ingvaeones. | | | Frisian is now spoken only there and in parts of only the Waddensee islands of Terschelling and Schiermonnikoog. | | | This farthest extent of Frisian territory is known as Frisia Magna. |
|
http://www.germanic.ucla.edu/grads/jharvey/prospectus/frisian.htm
(1323 words)
|
|
| |
| | Northvegr - Holy Language Lexicon |
| | East Frisian, variant of Frisian spoke on the islands off the North Sea coast of Germany. | | | West Frisian, dialect variant of Frisian spoken in the Netherlands. | | | West Germanic, the subgroup of Germanic comprising English, Dutch, German, Yiddish, Frisian, etc.; also the language spoken by the ancestral group during the presumed period of unity. |
|
http://www.northvegr.org/holy/abbrev.php
(2572 words)
|
|
| |
| | DIALECT DESCRIPTIONS |
| | Until recently there still were, around Saterland and the Island of Wangerooge, people who spoke the old pre-Low German version of Ost Frisian. | | | The use of "hör" for her and "hum" for him are throwbacks to the Old Frisian. | | | This situation results from the migration that adherents of this religion undertook to escape persecution in the 18th century. |
|
http://www.iserv.net/~bsman/dialect_descriptions.htm
(2856 words)
|
|
| |
| | Frisian is an old language at the south coast of the North Sea. |
| | New Frisian is spoken in some dialects, i.e. | | | West Frisian in the Dutch province of Fryslân (formerly Friesland), East Frisian in the community Saterland (Seelterlound) in Germany and North Frisian also in Germany along the west coast of Schleswig and a number of islands including Helgoland. | | | Frisian is an old language at the south coast of the North Sea. |
|
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Atrium/6641/english.htm
(107 words)
|
|
| |
| | Mennonite Church USA Historical Committee & Archives |
| | was broken with the discovery of his last will and testament in the West Frisian Archives at Hoorn. | | | Twisck, of course, was the prominent elder of the Old Frisian Mennonites, a widely traveled church leader, and writer of numerous books, published and unpublished. | | | The article says, "When a brother or a sister shall marry a second time, before he or she marries, he or she shall disclose to the children the father or mother's inheritance so that afterwards no disunity arise. |
|
http://www.mcusa-archives.org/MHB/Lowry-SyvaertPietersz.html
(1035 words)
|
|
| |
| | Old English and Old Frisian Runic Inscriptions |
| | Since it is impossible for us to gain access to the vast number of journals and periodicals of the shire archaeologies in search for new finds, we would be most grateful if any new finds could be reported to us directly. | | | Therefore we would be most grateful if scholars working in this wide and fascinating field would send information and material directly to the address given below. | | | The results of our research are intended to contribute to the Old English Dictionary (1986-) project of the University of Toronto. |
|
http://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/oeofri.html
(558 words)
|
|
| |
| | Frisian language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Frisian is a Germanic language, or group of closely related languages, spoken by around half a million members of an ethnic group living on the southern fringes of the North Sea in the Netherlands and Germany. | | | While many of these Frisians live on the mainland, most are found on the islands, notably Sylt, Föhr, Amrum, and Heligoland. | | | Therefore, the New Frisian period is considered to have begun at this point in time, around 1820. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frisian_language
(1101 words)
|
|
| |
| | Old English language - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch |
| | Some of these features were specific to the West Germanic language family to which Old English belongs, while some other features were inherited from the Proto-Germanic language from which all Germanic languages are believed to have been derived. | | | O Is for Old Dominion: A Virginia Alphabet (Discover America State By State. | | | Each of these dialects were associated with an independent kingdom on the island. |
|
http://encyclopedia.worldsearch.com/old_english.htm
(3670 words)
|
|
| |
| | Frisian |
| | Frisian is a West Germanic language (see characterisation of the Germanic language family) which is spoken by about 400,000 people in the province of Friesland in the Netherlands. | | | Since the 1950s Frisian may be used in courts, official documents may be drafted in Frisian and there is also the possibility for bilingual place name signs. | | | The Leeuwarden dialect became a sociolect that is now only spoken by the lower classes (see Jonkman, 1993).In recent years, however, there have been "action" to encourage people to use their "Leeuwarders" dialect. |
|
http://www.ned.univie.ac.at/Publicaties/taalgeschiedenis/en/fries.htm
(1152 words)
|
|
| |
| | Germanic Languages |
| | The two dialects of East Frisian have been largely replaced by dialects of New Low German which are called East Frisian. | | | BURY, J. The Invasion of Europe by the Barbarians,New York, 1967. | | | New Swedish is a contemporary Eastern North Germanic language, a descendent of Old Swedish. |
|
http://softrat.home.mindspring.com/germanic.html
(3010 words)
|
|
| |
| | Verbix -- Germanic. Conjugate verbs in 50+ languages |
| | West Germanic: Anglo-Frisian group - the English language and the Frisian language; Netherlandic-German group - Netherlandic, or Dutch-Flemish and the Low German dialects, Afrikaans, the German language or High German, and the Yiddish language. | | | Much of its structure, however, can be deduced by the comparative method of reconstruction (a reconstructed language is called a protolanguage; reconstructed forms are marked with an asterisk). | | | For example, on the basis of Old English cyning, Old Saxon and Old High German kuning 'king,' the Proto-Germanic *kuningaz can be reconstructed; this would seem to be confirmed by Finnish kuningas 'king,' which must have been borrowed from Germanic at a very early date. |
|
http://www.verbix.com/languages/germanic.asp
(837 words)
|
|
| |
| | The Origins of Old English |
| | Old English is one of the Germanic group of Indo-European languages. | | | It is not clear what these groups corresponded to, but they mark out some important geographical distributions that correspond to later dialect groups. | | | A large fraction of the population -- monks, clerics, and even some laymen will have had some competence in this international language. |
|
http://lonestar.texas.net/~jebbo/learn-as/origins.htm
(1023 words)
|
|
| |
| | The World of Theodor Storm. |
| | Central to this work is the organisation and activities of the North Frisian Institute in Bredstedt (Nordfriisk Instituut) and the University of Kiel in which there has been a chair of Frisian since 1978 and a North Frisian Dictionary Centre founded in 1950. | | | This is my body which is given for you!' | | | The west coast of Schleswig, Husum and the North Sea Tidal Flats. |
|
http://www.theodorstorm.co.uk/world/world.htm
(2496 words)
|
|
| |
| | Etymology of Bevensee, Bebensee, Beuensehe, Beuensee |
| | This Bevensee family had a centuries old tradition of being Müllers and Zimmermann. | | | Water was the primary power source for milling activities until the 17th century when Windmills began to be commonplace. |
|
http://www.frontiernet.net/~ioannes1/Etymology
(230 words)
|
|
| |
| | Language general |
| | This hypothesis would explain the strong dialectic variation in modern Frisian. | | | This will concern analogic adaption to the disyllabic verbs, which in West Frisian also lead to appending of -n in the infinitiv. | | | On this basis it is supposed that the Old Frisian long vowel phonemic system is exploded in the 14th century, due to a sudden appearance of stretched vowels, chiefly in loan-words. |
|
http://www.geocities.com/athens/atrium/6641/language.htm
(338 words)
|
|
| |
| | Old Frisian Etymological Dictionary |
| | Readership: All those interested in Frisian, Germanic, non-Indo-European substratum and Indo-European etymology. | | | The lemmata are provided with a meticulous analysis of Old Frisian dialectal forms, with Proto-Frisian reconstructions, and with a wealth of Germanic and Indo- European cognates. | | | Dirk Boutkan (1964-2002), Ph.D. in Comparative Linguistics, Leiden University published extensively on Old Frisian and on historical grammar of Germanic. |
|
http://www.brill.nl/product.asp?ID=24061
(207 words)
|
|
| |
| | 10th Century Frisian Masculine Names |
| | This article presents a list of 10th century Frisian names recorded in Latin documents [2]. | | | The Frisian form Tiad- could be substituted for Thiad- in any of the names beginning with that element (Tiefenbach, 273). | | | The ultimate source of at least some of these names is a document that dates to the decades around the year 900 and deals with the rents due to the abbey of Werden. |
|
http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/frisianmasc.html
(491 words)
|
|
| |
| | Old Frisian - UniLang Wiki |
| | Old Frisian lexicography is carried out at Groningen university [[1] (http://odur.let.rug.nl/fries/)]. | | | This page was last modified 14:53, 28 Mar 2004. | | | This page was last modified 14:53, 28 Mar 2004 by UniLang Wiki user Pyt. |
|
http://home.unilang.org/main/wiki2/wiki.phtml?title=Old_Frisian
(85 words)
|
|
| |
| | yourDictionary.com • Library: Garden Etymologies |
| | The root is also present in English "stout", from Old French estout. | | | This hugely successful form is related to the word for "stand", and includes among its borrowed forms in English the words "stamen" and "stasis" (from Greek), "stable" and "establish" (from Latin) and a host of other words which begin with the sounds st-. | | | A Germanic word of unknown origin, that is, without cognates in other known languages, either Indo-European or non-Indo-European. |
|
http://www.yourdictionary.com/library/garden.html
(1585 words)
|
|
| |
| | Forum - Nieuwsbrief Faculteit der Letteren - Universiteit Leiden |
| | In 1996 also appeared a short descriptive grammar of his native dialect of Tilburg, which he wrote together with his Leiden colleague Maarten Kossmann: Het stadsdialect van Tilburg. | | | A printed version of his etymological dictionary will be published posthumously. | | | Having received his doctorate in 1994, Boutkan was engaged until 1997 in writing an Etymological Dictionary of Old Frisian, more specifically the language of the First Riustringer Manuscript; the result of this work can be consulted on the internet site of the Indo-European Etymological Dictionary. |
|
http://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/forum/02_1/personalia/3.htm
(502 words)
|
|
| |
| | dutchlanguage |
| | Frisian Language, language of the historical Frisian people, now an official language in the Dutch province of Friesland, with dialects still spoken on the Frisian Islands, and in a few German villages. | | | Frisian, most closely related to English, belongs to the Anglo-Frisian group in the western branch of the Germanic languages. | | | But it did last until the 20th century that the term 'Nederlands' definitely had beaten 'Nederduyts' and variations. |
|
http://www.rabbel.info/dutchlanguage.html
(2845 words)
|
|
| |
| | -ward - Wiktionary |
| | Adverbs ending in -wards (Anglo-Saxon -weardes) and some other adverbs, such as besides, betimes, since Old English sithens.) etc., originated as genitive forms used adverbially. | | | The adjectives toward (initial stress) and froward have meanings not predictable from the meaning of -ward. | | | Old High German -wert, German -wärts, Icelandic -verðr, Gothic -vaírþs, Latin vertere to turn, versus toward, and English worth to become. |
|
http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-ward
(166 words)
|
|
| |
| | [No title] |
| | She and her team have been preparing the inscriptions of the Older Fuþark; the Old English and Old Frisian inscriptions are part of the Eichstaett project. | | | Not only will the user of the data bank be able to combine the four masks (FIND; INTERPRETATION; INDIVIDUAL WORDS; BIBLIOGRAPHY) or parts of them individually but he will also have access to all the runic inscriptions in both older Fuþark and Fuþorc (Old English and Old Frisian) in two languages (German and English). | | | For the user with individual interests the data bank ensures quick access to the material: it provides an overview over previous research work. |
|
http://www1.ku-eichstaett.de/SLF/EngluVglSW/AeRunen.htm
(195 words)
|
|
| |
| | Some Aquatic plants for backyard ponds |
| | This is a perennial rhizome-based aquatic plant that has small rounded heart-shaped green leaves. | | | This is a perennial rhizome-based submerged aquatic deciduous-to-evergreen plant that may grow to about six feet long. | | | This is a submerged semi-evergreen perennial aquatic plant with stems that grow to about three feet long. |
|
http://www.bottlebrushpress.com/aquaticplants.html
(4830 words)
|
|
| |
| | Germanic Baby Names: A list of Old English, Old Norse, Frisian, and Gothic names. |
| | If you wish to give your baby a Germanic name, linked below are pages to names in Old English, Old Norse, Frisian, and Gothic with modern equivalents of the names where available. | | | Germanic Baby Names: A list of Old English, Old Norse, Frisian, and Gothic names. |
|
http://www.ealdriht.org/names
(214 words)
|
|
| |
| | Links Page |
| | This paper avoids the flaws mentioned in that of the same author below and is well worth reading, both for its information about Gothic word order, and as an introduction to the methodology for making such deductions. | | | Germanic, Etymology and Indo-European * High German * Old Saxon and Low German * Frisian * Old English * Old Frisian * Old Norse (including Runes and Proto Norse) * Other | | | More links: Scandinavian, Gothic, English (also Old English), Dutch, Frisian, German dialects http://students.washington.edu/cfritsch/swedlanguages.html |
|
http://www.oe.eclipse.co.uk/nom/linkspage.htm
(1532 words)
|
|
| |
| | Altfriesisches Lesebuch |
| | This is a basic grammar, reader, and glossary of Old Frisian. | | | Portions of the book are available as text: | | | Available here are the scanned pages of Wilhelm Heuser's Altfriesisches Lesebuch mit Grammatik und Glossar (1903). |
|
http://www.ling.upenn.edu/~kurisuto/germanic/of_heuser_about.html
(95 words)
|
|
| |
| | Leiden University |
| | Focus will be on the language itself as well as on its literary history. | | | The course aims at development of a passive knowledge of Old Frisian. |
|
http://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/talengids/english/fries.htm
(26 words)
|
|
|
