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| | NORMANS - LoveToKnow Article on NORMANS |
 | | The Norman conqueror found in Sicily a Christian and Greekapeaking people and a Mussulman and Arabic-speaking people. |  | | The coming of the Norman ruled that these lands should be neither Saracen nor Greek, nor yet Italian in the same sense as northern Italy, but that they should politically belong to the same group of states as the kingdoms and principalities of feudal Europe. |  | | His disappearance in both cases is an illustration of one of the features which we have spoken of in the Norman character, the tendency which in fact made Normans out of Northmen, the tendency to adopt the language and manners of the people among whom they found themselves. |
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http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/N/NO/NORMANS.htm
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| | Sicilian Peoples: The Normans - Best of Sicily Magazine - Normans in Sicilian History |
 | | The Norman government included clerics and from England and Normandy, great Arab thinkers such as Abdullah al-Idrisi, and a young Anglo-Norman queen. |  | | In the event, the Normans did not Latinize Sicily rapidly enough for Papal tastes, nor did they immediately seek to convert the island's Muslims. |  | | It certainly was not a mass immigration comparable to those of the Arabs (Saracens) or ancient Greeks. |
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http://www.bestofsicily.com/mag/art171.htm
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| | Stormin' Normans |
 | | On the Norman left, the LH went wide and were ambushed by the peasants and attacked by some Italian archers, some fled but others attacked and ran down the peasants. |  | | The Norman hack and shoot show now steadily gained the ascendency on the flanks, a large hole had appeared in the Arab centre, and the Italians were now ready to charge onto the arrow-swept Arab left flank. |  | | Ghulam Cv(S) and Arab Cv(O),LH(O) and Wb(F) deployed on the Norman right, and Cv(S) and(O) on the left. |
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http://www.btinternet.com/~a.patrick/Normans.htm
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| | DolceVita Travel: Normans in Italy |
 | | The Norman rulers maintained an elite Arab guard, and they particularly enjoyed keeping a harem, a legacy from the emirs they had booted off the island. |  | | Arabs were allowed to continue practicing Islam, Christians, Jews, Greeks and Normans all attempted to live together. |  | | The two Rogers embraced the diversity they had found on the island, as did the two Williams who followed them (1154-1189), welcoming Western, Arab and Greek scientists, historians and artists to their court. |
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http://www.dolcevita.com/travel/normanni/nor.htm
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| | New Normandy - Normans in the Well |
 | | It was probably because of these pro-Norman sympathies that William's claim to the throne had credibility. |  | | England orchestrated a political coup far more than the reform of a church. |  | | Send mail to Sheriff@Normannii.org with questions or comments about this web site. |
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http://www.normannii.org/thiubok/normans_in_the_well.htm
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| | Newman Reader - Northmen & Normans in England & Ireland - 2 |
 | | We do not deny that there was something of a grave rebuke in sending to that old Catholic population specimens of barbarians whom others had civilized, in order to the civilization of kinsmen of those barbarians, whom, though living among them, they have been unable to civilize themselves. |  | | While the Anglo-Saxons wore beards, the Normans shaved; now in doing so they did but follow the custom of the old country which they had left. |  | | It does not seem, indeed, as if there were any tendency whatever in the Danes of Ireland, we will not say to amalgamation, but to intimacy with the people among whom they were settled. |
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http://www.newmanreader.org/works/historical/volume3/northmen/section2.html
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| | Jewett Texts |
 | | They claimed over and over again that Rolf had had no real right to the Norman lands, but since he had divided them among his followers, all the more reason now that the conquerors, the French owners of Normandy, should be put into possession of what they had won back again at last. |  | | Hugh had begun to believe that there was no use in trying to hold his new possessions of Normandy beyond the Seine, and that he had better return to his old cordial alliance with the Normans and uphold Rolf the Ganger's dukedom. |  | | This went on very well at first, the opposing armies being drawn up on either side of the river Dive, when who should appear but Herluin of Montreuil, the insolent traitor who was more than suspected of having caused the murder of William Longsword. |
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http://www.public.coe.edu/~theller/soj/nor/nor04.html
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| | Lombards and Normans |
 | | Tancred de Hauteville was the father of the Norman adventurers that fought for and against the pope and the Papal States, the Lombards, the Arabs, the Byzantine Empire and anyone else that got in their way. |  | | Once they settled in their new land they converted to Christianity and adopted Italian speech and customs. |  | | This was the first Italian Norman Duchy, and by the middle of the eleventh century they had taken much of what had been Lombard land. |
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http://www.geocities.com/fairauthor/NormanItaly.html
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| | Vikings and Normans |
 | | This was done with papal encouragement, as the Normans not only subdued the Lombards and expelled the Greeks and Arabs from Italy, but served as a useful balance against the Italian nobles who had designs on the pope's lands. |  | | The Vikings who had settled in France, now speaking French and called Normans, had come a long way from thinly populated (200,000 people) and rather poverty stricken Norway. |  | | The Normans were quick to become French, particularly since they were a minority in their new dutchy and a disproportionate number of the new people were young male Vikings who took local women for wives. |
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http://www.hyw.com/books/history/Vikings_.htm
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| | Regia Anglorum - Who Were the Normans? |
 | | The Vikings have been put into perspective over the last few years, with one of the best concise descriptions as a blood thirsty time with the Vikings prepared to be just that bit more blood thirsty than most. |  | | What makes us hate these historic people so much, even by comparison to the Vikings who were around at the same time? |  | | This may be a demonstration of selfishness on the part of the Normans, but this practice had been shown to work on the continent. |
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http://www.regia.org/norm1.htm
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| | The People of Ireland - The Normans, part 2 |
 | | Like all such belief it rested on myth-making; but it was nourished and fortified by the remarkable history of the Normans. |  | | Many historians have questioned whether we should speak of 'Normans' in Ireland. |  | | The Normans were a few thousand in a population of two million. |
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http://www.irelandseye.com/aarticles/history/people/irishpeople/normans2.shtm
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| | Normans on Encyclopedia.com |
 | | The Normans in their Histories: Propaganda, Myth and Subversion.(Book Review) |  | | Author: Dennis Stock Publication: Magnum Photos Source: PICS |  | | Berlin: Sir Norman FOSTER makes his presentation to Chancellor Kohl for his input on the Reichstag project. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/N/Normans.asp
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| | The Normans |
 | | This, combined with the incredibly superior military concentration of the Norman forces, allowed William to easily defeat the Anglo-Saxons and kill Harold. |  | | While the Normans had concentrated power and resources, the Anglo-Saxons had allowed their monarchy to decline. |  | | Italy had remained a largely non-urbanized and backward country after it had been devestated by Justinian's attempt to retake the western empire at the beginning of the sixth century. |
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http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/MA/NORMANS.HTM
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| | The Normans |
 | | In exchange for Rollo becoming a Christian the Normans were granted their own lands on the French coast. |  | | The main reason for this was their belief in primogeniture - when a Norman died all his property was given to his eldest son. |  | | As Christians, Normans feared that when they died they would be punished for stealing land and for other crimes they had committed. |
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http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/MEDnormandy.htm
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| | [No title] |
 | | This lead the Pope into alliance with the invincible Normans in 1059. |  | | In 1130, Roger II united all the Norman lands under his rule as King. |  | | Meanwhile Roger I had begun his conquest of Sicily in 1061. |
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http://www.buckeyeweb.com/trajan/sicilythumb.html
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| | Albion: The Normans. (Reviews of Books).@ HighBeam Research |
 | | How did the original Norse settlers, installed in a province with no clear geographic or ethnic boundaries, create such a powerful and dynamic identity that their impact would be felt from the British Isles to Antioch? |  | | In The Normans Marjorie Chibnall examines the enigma of the Normans, a multi-ethnic people created more by history than by blood. |  | | As befits a volume in Blackwell's Peoples of Europe series the author is concerned with the Normans as... |
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http://www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:92283995&refid=holomed_1
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| | Normans - definition of Normans in Encyclopedia |
 | | There is also a city named Norman, Oklahoma in the United States. |  | | The Norman people adopted Christianity and the French language and created a new cultural identity separate from that of their Scandinavian forebears and French neighbours. |  | | The Norman warrior class was new and different from the old French aristocracy, many of whom could trace their families back to Carolingian times, while the Normans could seldom cite ancestors before the beginning of the 11th century. |
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http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Normans
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| | Normans |
 | | Forced to come to terms with the Carolingian and Capetian dynasties and to adopt French as their language and Christianity as their religion, they quickly became missionaries and proselytizers of the civilization that they had attacked and that had ultimately absorbed them. |  | | This yearning for pilgrimages was one of the factors responsible for the Norman conquest of southern Italy. |  | | But Norman knights were also fierce and brutal soldiers who had received an arduous training that left little room for the feelings of humanity and mercy with which Christian teaching was later to endow the concept of chivalry. |
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http://www.orbilat.com/Encyclopaedia/N/Normans.html
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| | Search Results for "Normans" |
 | | Moreover, these very Normans, who had been the hero-adventurers of the western world, who were the... |  | | ...The former is Norman, and the latter Saxon. |  | | One of the Normans who lived in England after the Norman Conquest of England in 1066 or a descendant of these settlers. |
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http://www.bartleby.com/cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=Normans
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| | Nordic Culture > The Normans: Scandinavians in Normandy - Scandinavica.com |
 | | The Duchy of Normandy was the land of the Norman people. |  | | Norman is still spoken in some parts of Normandie and in the Channel Islands. |  | | As the years passed the Normans converted to Christianity and learned to speak the romance language of the old Neustria, which was related to today's French. |
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http://www.scandinavica.com/culture/history/normandy.htm
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| | Britannia: Monarchs of Britain |
 | | William, the illegitimate son of the Duke of Normandy, spent his first six years with his mother in Falaise and received the duchy of Normandy upon his father's death in 1035. |  | | William was enraged and immediately prepared to invade, insisting that Harold had sworn allegiance to him in 1064. |  | | Edward the Confessor attempted to gain Norman support while fighting with his father-in-law, Earl Godwin, by purportedly promising the throne to William in 1051. |
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http://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon22.html
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| | Mr. Dowling's Normans Page |
 | | The Norman Conquest destroyed English rule and created a French military state. |  | | For the next three hundred years, England would be ruled by kings who did not speak English. |  | | The Normans seized English lands and destroyed any English opposition. |
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http://www.mrdowling.com/703-normans.html
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| | Around Naples Encyclopedia 26 |
 | | The Normans consolidated their gains in a victory over the combined Papal forces of Lombards, Italians (from the Papal States) and German mercenaries at Benevento in 1054. |  | | Normans were raiding monasteries in Italy with as much abandon as had their Viking grandfathers a few generations before in Britain and France. |  | | By the year 1000 Italy south of Rome was a hodge-podge of Lombard duchies plus a number of small city-states such as Naples as well as various Byzantine provinces; there was also a massive Arab presence on Sicily and the southern mainland. |
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http://faculty.ed.umuc.edu/~jmatthew/naples/blog26.htm
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| | Norman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. |  | | Norman, Oklahoma, a city in Cleveland County, Oklahoma |  | | Norman, Arkansas, a town in Montgomery County, Arkansas |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman
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| | Amazon.co.uk: The Normans: Books |
 | | The Normans were a relatively short-lived cultural and political phenomenon. |  | | The Normans in Sicily: The Normans in the South, 1016-1130 and the Kingdom in the Sun, 1130-1194; Paperback ~ John Julius Norwich |  | | Particularly of the Norman adventurers who went from Normandy to southern Italy and Sicily. |
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http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/0752428810
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| | Normans in Sicily |
 | | His army is beaten, he is taken prisoner and the Normans extract a grant from the Pope that recognizes their titles and their holdings for his release. |  | | In 1057 Roger of Hauteville becomes the leader of the Normans on the death of his brother Humphrey. |  | | This overview is offered to fill in some background to the coinage below. |
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http://www.medievalcrusades.com/normansicily.htm
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| | History of the Monarchy > The Normans |
 | | In religious affairs, the Gregorian reform movement gathered pace and forced concessions, while the machinery of government developed to support the country while Henry was fighting abroad. |  | | A compromise was eventually reached whereby the son of Matilda and Geoffrey would be heir to the English crown, while Stephen's son would inherit his baronial lands. |  | | The Normans came to govern England following one of the most famous battles in English history: the Battle of Hastings in 1066. |
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http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page17.asp
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| | Normans - Who were the Normans |
 | | Good sources for Norman history include the buildings, many of which survive to today, writings of the men of the time [primary sources], and the Bayeaux Tapestry, which shows the Norman invasion and conquest of England. |  | | Although the Normans are best remembered for their military achievements, they also showed remarkable skill in government especially in Italy. |  | | The Normans that invaded England in 1066 came from Normandy in Northern France. |
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http://www.historyonthenet.com/Normans/whowere.htm
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| | BBC - History - The Norman Conquest |
 | | Test your knowledge of the Norman Conquest with a History Trail: articles, quizzes and games that bring the period to life. |  | | Take a look at events both before and after the Norman Conquest, for an understanding of what it meant for the island race. |  | | The series investigates the infamous regime change that occurred in 1066: its cause, its immediate aftermath - and its continuing legacy. |
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/normans/index.shtml
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| | MSN Encarta - Search Results - Normans |
 | | Normans, Viking invaders from Scandinavia who began to settle in Normandy in northern France before the middle of the 9th century AD. |  | | Norman French Language and Literature, French dialect that developed in Normandy (Normandie) after Viking (or Norse) invaders settled the region... |  | | Norman (Oklahoma), city, seat of Cleveland County, central Oklahoma; incorporated as a city 1891. |
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http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/search.aspx?q=Normans
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| | X. The Vikings and Normans |
 | | Baron le Paor was one of the great Norman lords who took part in the thirteenth century occupation of Connacht, where Powers settled for a while under the Burkes. |  | | The head of the family was known as the Baron of Loughmore (near Thurles), and the ruins of his stronghold, Lochmoe Castle, are still to be seen. |  | | The Nugents of County Cork are known in Irish as Uinnseadun, which is a Gaelic rendering of the Norman French "de Wynchester," or of Winchester, Winchester being an ancient city in Hampshire, England, from which this branch of the Nugents came to Cork. |
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http://www.electricscotland.com/webclans/cairney/145.htm
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| | The Normans |
 | | The Norman Invasion of England in 1066 is one of the most important events in English History. |  | | The reasons for the Norman invasion and the way in which William, Duke of Normandy, managed to successfully conquer the country are looked at in this unit. |  | | Use the links at the bottom of the page to follow the story of the norman Invasion and conquest of England. |
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http://www.schoolshistory.org.uk/Normans.htm
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| | BBC Oonline - History - War - Normans |
 | | Both the Normans and the Saxons were descended from the Danes who between the fifth and eleventh centuries continually attacked, invaded and settled in England. |  | | In 911 a group of them moved across the channel to the Seine Valley where they were given land to live on by Charles III of France. |  | | They became known by the French as Northmen or Normans. |
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/games/hastings/about/hastings.shtml
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| | Normans main page |
 | | The Normans are studied by pupils at Key Stage 3 as part of the Medieval Realms (1066-1500) programme of study. |  | | The Normans reigned in England from the time of William the Conqueror's victory at the Battle of Hastings in 1066, to the death of King Stephen in 1154. |
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http://www.historyonthenet.com/Normans/normansmain.htm
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| | Battle of Baginbun (1170 AD) -- The Normans "Stampede" the Norse Irish |
 | | The Norman Invasion of Ireland, Richard Roche, 1995, Anvil |  | | Special Rules for Stampeding cattle: The Norman player must spend a pip to control each element, or group of elements of the stampeding cattle, or they simply charge a full move straight ahead attacking, or attempting to attack, any element that at anytime falls within 1 base width of their zone of control. |  | | Ensure the area is large enough to fit all 12 elements and then seal this area off with a ditch or palisade. |
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http://www.fanaticus.org/DBA/battles/baginbun.html
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| | French Culture books history Elizabeth van Houts: The Normans in Europe |
 | | It takes a wide European perspective on the Normans, assessing and explaining Norman expansion, their political and social organization and their eventual decline. |  | | This book provides a selection from the abundant source material generated by the Normans and the peoples they conquered. |  | | The Normans in Europe explores: the process of assimilation between Scandinavians and Franks and the emergence of Normandy; the internal organization of the principality with a variety of source materials from chronicles, miracle stories and chapters; the role of women and children in Norman society; and a variety of other areas. |
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http://www.frenchculture.org/books/release/history/vanhouts.html
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| | NIPPY NORMANS - the No. 1 supplier of BMW motorcycle accessories! |
 | | Nippy Normans may be new but we do not lack experience in the mail order business! |  | | All of our staff know their products inside out and I personally ran MPS Mail Order from 1979 to 2001 — 22 years dedicated to great service and value — and we are here again to do the same for you! |  | | We look forward to offering you top service in the very near future. |
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http://www.nippynormans.com
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| | Normans of Billingham supplier of office products |
 | | Copyright Normans OEB 2003 all rights reserved July 2003 |  | | Please call our main office for an immediate response to any query regarding office supplies on 01642 564190 |
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http://www.normansofbillingham.co.uk
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