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| | ArtLex on Mesopotamian art |
 | | The Mesopotamians' need to control the water for these uses gave strength to their political leaders, and led to the development of the city-state -- among them were Ur, Ashur, Ninevah, Nimrud, Emech, Kish, Umma, Erech, Lagash, Tello, Nippur, Larsa, and Babylon. | | | This is one of many Mesopotamian objects that have recently been lost or stolen from Iraq's museums and have yet to be recovered. | | | The Oriental Institute of the U of Chicago has posted a database of treasures that have been lost or stolen from Iraq. |
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http://www.artlex.com/ArtLex/m/mesopotamian.html
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| | THE MESOPOTAMIAN |
| | Now that OPERATION IRAQ FREEDOM II has to be launched against essentially the same enemy regrouped and refinanced and thouroughly convinced that terrorism and "nihilism" is the way to confront civilization, The Mesopotamian is still around, unflinching and undying friend of liberation, freedom and enlightenment. |
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http://messopotamian.blogspot.com/2004_10_01_messopotamian_archive.html
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| | Amazon.ca: Books: The Treasures of Darkness: A History of Mesopotamian Religion |
| | As such, in offering us a well-written and thoroughly documented scholarly study of "Mesopotamian Religion," he certainly ought to know what he is talking about. | | | But when confronted with any thesis, we should never forget what Lu Chi (+ 754-805) reminds us of in his brilliant 'Essay on Literature,' the 'Wen fu,' when he tells us that: 'Theses are convincing - but deceptive...' | | | Mesopotamian religion is often described as pessimistic; Jacobsen restores some of the awe, love and splendor that might have made it a convincing world view for thousands of people we'll never otherwise know. |
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http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/0300022913
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| | Baal (Mesopotamian God/Demon, Wolverine and Blaze foe) |
| | Explaining he had come for the secrets of life and death, Ba'al was invited by Mot to eat off the table of the dead as he went to retrieve Eriskegal. | | | Ba'al, however, eventually decided he had to know the secrets of life and death. | | | History: (Mesopotamian myth) Hadad is the son of Anu, king of the Mesopotamian Gods, and Asherah, Mother of the Gods. |
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http://www.marvunapp.com/Appendix/baalhadad.htm
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| | ASOR's Baghdad and Damascus Committees |
| | The Baghdad Committee (whose formal name is the Committee on Mesopotamian Civilization) oversees the production of the Journal of Cuneiform Studies, has published a newsletter on archaeological and other research in Iraq, has coordinated field projects throughout Iraq, and for a period of time had an Institute functioning in Baghdad. | | | Review the recent efforts of ASOR members and staff to help rebuild archaeology in Iraq on our Iraq information page or read a history of ASOR's Baghdad School which operated in Iraq from 1923-1969. | | | The committee offers the Mesopotamian Fellowship for researchers studying the region, through the generosity of the James B. Nies bequest. |
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http://www.asor.org/bagdam.html
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| | Mesopotamian Expresions |
| | Mesopotamian Cosmogony If we piece together from the sources for the primary myth of ancient Sumeria, we can outline the way these ancient people thought about the origin of their world. | | | Ea then conceives a plan and creates humanity from the blood of a slain god: Ea, the wise, had created humankind, had imposed upon it the service of the gods-- that work was beyond comprehension; as artfully planned by Marduk, Nudimmud created it. | | | Utnapishtim recounts the story of the flood, how Ea warned him to build a great ship, which enabled him and his family to survive the flood which by a typically Mesopotamian change of heart, the gods, and especially Ishtar, regret. |
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http://www.albany.edu/faculty/lr618/we3.html
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| | Mesopotamian Marshes Introduction |
| | It is our belief that sustaining the to-be-restored Mesopotamian marshlands will benefit from a contextual comparison of what has already been accomplished at other locations in the Middle East, the United States, and elsewhere around the world. | | | The speakers who will be presenting at this Mesopotamian Marsh conference are among the world leaders in their various disciplines. | | | The Mesopotamian Marshes, located between the Tigres and Euphrates Rivers in southern Iraq, were historically one of the world's most important wetland environments. |
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http://projects.gsd.harvard.edu/mesomarshes
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| | [No title] |
| | In this web page we will be talking about the differences and similarities between Egyptian and Mesopotamian inventions. | | | Even though the Mesopotamian structures were called "Ziggurats", they were still pyramids. | | | Assyrian peoples were the most violent and warlike in the history of Mesopotamian civilization. |
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http://best.me.berkeley.edu/~mesa/comm/group_1/keith.html
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| | Mesopotamian Timeline |
| | Alexander enters Babylon; final fall of the Persians and Mesopotamian dominance over the region; beginning of Hellenistic period | | | Darius I invades Greece on a punitive expedition against Athens; known in Greek history as Persian Wars |
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http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/MESO/TIMELINE.HTM
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| | EO Newsroom: New Images - Mesopotamian Marshes |
| | Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA-JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth. | | | This ecological disaster has been studied using Landsat data and summarized in a report by the United Nation Environment Programme’s Division of Early Warning and Assessment, entitled The Mesopotamian Marshlands: Demise of an Ecosystem. | | | The Al Hawizah Marshes comprise the largest remaining tract of wetlands in the Mesopotamian Marshlands of Iran and Iraq. |
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http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=7769
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| | United Press International - Life & Mind - Analysis: Bush's Mesopotamian folly |
| | Newstrack: Saudi border guards Saturday aborted an attempt to smuggle two tons of hashish into the Arab kingdom, reports said. | | | And as President George W. Bush prepares for his Mesopotamian expedition, travelers from the United States to France are greeted with a short question, followed by just as short a statement. | | | United Press International - Life & Mind - Analysis: Bush's Mesopotamian folly |
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http://www.upi.com/view.cfm?StoryID=20021013-102711-8983r
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| | History of the Assyrian Nation - AN web site |
| | Navigate through the Mesopotamian Encyclopaedia, where you will find allot of articles about the Mesopotamian People, including the Assyrians. | | | Read about the origins and description of the Assyrian flag. |
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http://assyriannation.com/history/History.htm
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| | Research Sources For Astrology |
| | Rochberg-Halton, Francesca, "Elements of the Babylonian Contribution to Hellenistic Astrology," Journal of the American Oriental Society 108.1 (1988): pages 51-62 {Demonstrate how the doctrines of the hupsomata, dodekatemoria, and the trine aspect began in Mesopotamia.} | | | Jastrow, Morris, Aspects of Religious Belief and Practice in Babylonia and Assyria (1911. | | | Mesopotamian astrology was based upon observation, without the scientific theory which Greek astrologers used. |
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http://www.smoe.org/arcana/astrol4.html
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| | Web Site Links Related to Mesopotamia or Language |
| | Musical Theory in the Ancient World - the Mesopotamian Precursors of Pythagoras | | | Mesopotamian Disease and Medicine (CDLI project with bibliography) | | | For six other papers on Ancient Mesopotamian subjects, click for the Fall 2002 class on Race and Ethnicity in Ancient Mesopotamia |
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http://www.sumerian.org/sumlinks.htm
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| | Why Mesopotamian Myths - www.GatesToBabylon.com |
| | These now dominate the flat Mesopotamian plain and, when abandoned by people, are the sites chosen by archaeologists for their excavations. | | | These are only a few examples of the importance of Mesopotamian mythology, which shaped up the psyche, religion, culture and values of the peoples who had some contact with them. | | | In Mesopotamian Courtly Love Poetry, the archetypal couple are Inanna/Ishtar, the Goddess of Love and War, and her consort, Dumuzi/Tammuz, the priest-king and shepherd of the land, who had his kingship conferred by the goddess represented by her high priestess. |
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http://www.gatewaystobabylon.com/myths/whymeso.htm
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| | ninemsn Encarta - Mesopotamian Art and Architecture |
| | The first dominant people to control the region and shape its art were the Sumerians, a non-Semitic people, followed by the Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians, all of whom were Semitic. | | | When the buildings were abandoned, human skulls were placed on the floors, a practice that indicates some sort of ritual. | | | Moreover, as other peoples invaded the region, their art was shaped by native Mesopotamian traditions. |
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http://au.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761563062/Mesopotamian_Art_and_Architecture.html
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| | Mesopotamian Disease and Medicine |
| | Perhaps we have Herodotus to thank, in part, for this as he makes very clear his disdain for Babylonian medical practices, claiming they brought their sick to the marketplace to ask passersby what might be done (Histories, I, 197). | | | As a result there are some misunderstandings about the nature of Mesopotamian medicine, and it has not received the attention that ancient Egyptian or Greek medicine have. | | | This dichotomy between the supernatural and the natural does not seem to have been a problem for the Mesopotamians, and in fact they would often combine the two in affecting a cure. |
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http://cdli.ucla.edu/edu/medicine.html
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| | Mesopotamian religions -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer! |
| | As goddess of the reeds and provider of the reed stylus used by the scribes, she became the patroness of writing and the scribal arts, particularly of accounting. | | | in Mesopotamian religion, Sumerian deity, city goddess of Eresh on the ancient Euphrates River near Uruk in the farming regions; she was goddess of the grasses in general, including the reeds and the cereals. | | | Among the most important of the many Mesopotamian gods were Anu, the god of heaven; Enki, the god of water; and Enlil, the earth god. |
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http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article?tocId=9371940
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| | Mesopotamian Half Flight - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | This meant that the Indian Army, which was assigned the task of attacking the Ottoman Empire's Turkish and Arab forces in Mesopotamia (later known as Iraq) had no air support (see also: Mesopotamian campaign). | | | At the start of World War I, the air power of the Allied forces was extremely limited. | | | On February 8, 1915, the Australian government received a request for air assistance from the Viceroy of India. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamian_Half_Flight
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| | MEDICINE IN ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA |
| | Mesopotamian diseases are often blamed on pre-existing spirits: gods, ghosts, etc. However, each spirit was held responsible for only one of what we would call a disease in any one part of the body. | | | The Mesopotamian believed that the rivers had the power to care away evil substances and forces that were causing the illness. | | | This collection was not found written on a tablet, but was discovered on a large block of polished diorite. |
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http://www.indiana.edu/~ancmed/meso.HTM
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| | Mesopotamian art |
| | Mesopotamian art was largely used to glorify powerful dynasties, and often reflected the belief that kingship and the divine were closely interlocked. | | | Unlike the other southern Mesopotamian peoples, the Assyrians had access to large quantities of stone, and their many carved reliefs have consequently survived well. | | | Art of the ancient civilizations that grew up in the area around the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, now in Iraq. |
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http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0039818.html
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| | UN Chronicle The Demise of Mesopotamian Marshlands |
| | UNEP also calls on Iraq and other riparian countries and international donors to give the Mesopotamian marshlands a new lease on life by re-evaluating the role of water engineering works and modifying them where necessary, with a long-term view to reinstating managed flooding. | | | Despite intermittent warnings against the imminent decline of the Mesopotamian marshlands, there has been little immediate action to avoid such a fate, the report of UNEP explains. | | | Mesopotamian marshlands have effectively been relegated to the history books, a landscape of the past. |
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http://un.org/Pubs/chronicle/2002/issue2/0202p44_mesopotamian_marshlands.html
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| | Mesopotamian mythology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Mesopotamian mythology is the collective name given to Sumerian and Assyrian and Babylonian mythologies from the land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in modern Iraq. | | | Please also consider changing this notice to be more specific. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumerian_mythology
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| | Lecture 3: Ancient Mesopotamia |
| | The thunderstorm that dominated the low Mesopotamian plain was a warrior; lightning was his spear and thunder the sound of his chariot. | | | Once coming events were backed by the united wills of the great powers of the universe, Enlil carries them out. | | | Mesopotamian culture viewed the universe as a state -- a cosmic version of their own city-states, a state complete with with its own assembly and primitive democracy, productive managers, and military leaders for times of crisis. |
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http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/rels/2/lectures/lecture3.html
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| | Mesopotamia |
| | The threat from the neighbours, was another reason for establishing the cities: The cities could be fortified and defended. | | | This involves the start of one the most impressive periods of the region, where Mesopotamia in many fields is the centre of the world. | | | 763: Baghdad is started to be built, as part of moving he centre of the Muslim world from Damascus to the Mesopotamian region. |
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http://i-cias.com/e.o/mesopotamia.htm
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| | Catholic Biblical Quarterly, The: Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography |
| | This rigorous, technical study is an expansion and revision of Horowitz's Ph.D. thesis of the same title, written in 1986 under the supervision of W. Lambert of the University of Birmingham. | | | Advanced students and scholars whose interests lie in Mesopotamian cosmography and who wish to explore it further will find this work to be an indispensable resource. | | | From his thorough examination of the texts H. concludes that the Mesopotamian view is "both cohesive on the one hand, and discordant and deficient on the other" (p. |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3679/is_199910/ai_n8874490
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| | Two Odonata Citations in Ancient Mesopotamian Literature, Cultural Entomology Digest 1 |
| | Both of these citations of ancient Mesopotamian literature, clearly shows that these people, regardless of their scientific awareness, were touched enough by the wonders of insects, including dragonflies, to reference them within the literature of their time. | | | Actually the Republic of Iraq and the eastern part of the Republic of Syria bore the site of the oldest historical civilization of Sumeria. | | | Forming a foundation for the Babylonian and Assyrian civilizations, this area was occupied from approximately 3500 to 500 B.C. Mesopotamian civilizations are well known for their wonderful masterpieces of art; many of which can be seen in famous museums like the Louvre, the British Museum, and the Iraq Museum. |
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http://www.insects.org/ced1/mes_lit.html
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| | Mesopotamian Religion General Bibliography - Ancient Near East.net |
| | The Treasures of Darkness: A History of Mesopotamian Religion, New Haven, 1976. | | | Mesopotamian Religion General Bibliography - Ancient Near East.net | | | "Formative Tendencies in Sumerian Religion", "Mesopotamian Gods and Pantheons", "Ancient Mesopotamian Religion: The Central Concerns", and "Sumerian Mythology: A Review Article", in Moran, W.L. (ed.), Toward the Image of Tammuz and Other Essays on Mesopotamian History and Culture, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1970. |
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http://www.ancientneareast.net/religion_mesopotamian/bibliography_general.html
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| | The Ancient History of Mesopotamia |
| | It was after this that writing, art, monumental architecture, and new political forms were introduced in Mesopotamia. | | | They were an agricultural people who learned to control floods and built strong-walled towns, such as Uruk, the biblical Erech and the modern Warka, and Lagash, the modern Al-Hiba. | | | Nebuchadnezzar made Babylon a fabulous City once again, and its famous "Hanging Gardens" on of the seven wonders of the world. |
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http://www.iraqchat.com/irqhist1.htm
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| | A History of Dragons |
| | Examples are almost all of the Mesopotamian stories, the Indian god Indra, both Chinese and Japanese myths, the Mayan Rain Gods, the Egyptian sea dragon/serpent Apophis and pursuer Re, and even many early Semitic stories. | | | This tale is very much like several of the Mesopotamian stories and Vitra is sometimes described as the personification of winter. | | | In order to bring water to both the gods and the humans Indra battled this dragon and proved victorious when he used his thunderbolts to kill this monster and released the waters of life for all. |
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http://www.biopark.org/dragonhistory.html
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| | CGTalk - Mesopotamian Genius (angel) - Game WIP |
| | This guy may be an anchient Mesopotamian Demigod or something, but he's still got a human face, so there's no harm in using some non-Mesopotamian reference for that. | | | Contact Us - CGTalk - Archive - Top | | | They were protectors of cities and temples, and Mesopotamian artisans would chisel out these giant panels (7' tall or so, see picture, my only reference unfortunately) to act as protectors of the temples and the people. |
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http://forums.cgsociety.org/showthread.php?t=211078
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| | Mesopotamia: Architecture |
| | The arch and column were developed by the ancient Mesopotamians, and they were also familiar with the use of domes. | | | These factors not only influenced the appearance of buildings and how they were decorated but also their survival in our archaeological records. | | | They were masters of construction using bricks made of mud, their one abundant, but impermanent, building material. |
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http://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/MUS/ED/TRC/MESO/architecture.html
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| | Mesopotamian Mathematics |
| | A very brief and biased summary of Mesopotamian (political) history. | | | A summary chronology of the main periods of Mesopotamian history and the mathematics associated with them. | | | A brief introduction to Mesopotamian mathematics can be found at the MacTutor's History of Mathematics Archive page on |
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http://it.stlawu.edu/~dmelvill/mesomath
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| | Mesopotamian art |
| | The millennium war: a report from the Mesopotamian front.(Iraq war) (The Weekly Standard) | | | Ancient mesopotamian accounting and human cognitive evolution.(Abstract) (Accounting Historians Journal) | | | Top Mesopotamian art experts meet to discuss Iraqi culural crisis (Agence France Presse English) |
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http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/ent/A0916184.html
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| | Mesopotamia, Calendar |
| | Mesopotamia, The Mesopotamians MesopotamiaThe history of ancient Mesopotamia including its cities, conquests, peoples, art, religion and contributions to civilization | | | The Arabs introduced the Muslim lunar year, but the Persians continued to use the Sasanian solar year, which in 1079 was made equal to the Julian year by the introduction of the leap year. | | | Care to express an opinion on a current or past historical event? |
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http://ragz-international.com/mesopotamiancalander.htm
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| | A Mesopotamian Pantheon |
| | Apparently a God of storm and weather, and as such equated by Mesopotamian people with Iskur. | | | The information here is necessarily brief; a full accounting of all these entities would be a massive book in its own right. | | | This page is intended as a reference guide for students of Mesopotamian mythology, and is a catalogue, hopefully reasonably complete, of known Mesopotamian God-forms. |
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http://web.raex.com/~obsidian/MesoPan.html
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| | Babylonian Mathematics |
| | Babylon, during its existence, was not always the center of Mesopotamian culture. | | | Babylon fell to Cyrus of Persia in 538 BC, but the city was spared. | | | Powerful rulers united the local Principates into an empire which completed vast public works, such as irrigation canals. |
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http://www.math.tamu.edu/~don.allen/history/babylon/babylon.html
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| | Talaria Enterprises Museum Store Mesopotamian Assyrian Ashumasirpal II Gilgamesh Winged Guardian Bull Lion bookends, ... |
| | When the Akkadians overthrew the Sumerian culture, their ruler Sargon was the first of many Mesopotamian rulers to openly call himself king and proclaim his ambition to rule the entire earth. | | | This sculpture presents an image of Assyrian King Ashurnasirpal II as a dignified monarch, far removed from the rough and tumble daily life of a culture at war. | | | Copyright © 1997-2003 Talaria Enterprises No part of this catalog may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission. |
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http://www.talariaenterprises.com/product_lists/mesopotamian.html
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| | Mesopotamian protohistory |
| | This would have been the earliest instance of a system that remained typical of the southern Mesopotamian city for centuries: the maintenance of part of the population by allocations of food from the state. | | | Historians usually date the beginning of history, as opposed to prehistory and protohistory, from the first appearance of usable written sources. | | | These are vessels of standard size whose shape served as the original for the sign sila, meaning "litre." It is not too rash to deduce from the mass production of such standard vessels that they served for the issue of rations. |
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http://www.angelfire.com/nt/Gilgamesh/proto.html
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| | Detroit Institute of Arts : Permanent Collection - Ancient Art - Mesopotamia |
| | The northern Mesopotamian kingdom of Assyria, in existence by 1500 B.C., would become a great empire between the 9th and the 7th centuries B.C. The kings of this mountainous region were conquerors who led their armies on an endless succession of foreign campaigns and celebrated their success by building and decorating enormous stone palaces. | | | Royal archives of inscribed clay tablets have left us a vast encyclopedia of Mesopotamian history. | | | These later gave way to centrally controlled empires which spread through conquest. |
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http://www.dia.org/collections/ancient/mesopotamia/mesopotamia.html
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| | First World War.com - Battles - The Mesopotamian Front |
| | This section contains details of the major actions fought on the Mesopotamian Front - present-day Iraq - during the First World War. | | | First World War.com - Battles - The Mesopotamian Front | | | These include the many epic struggles fought along the banks of the River Tigris; from the seemingly unstoppable advance of the British throughout 1915 to the resurgence of their Turk opposition in 1916 culminating in the British humiliation at Kut-al-Amara in April 1916. |
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http://www.firstworldwar.com/battles/mf.htm
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| | Review of T. Abusch, Mesopotamian Witchcraft: Toward a History and Understanding of Babylonian Witchcraft Beliefs and ... |
| | Also placed in this first section are studies that outline the Mesopotamian witch's connection to medicine and healing, the transformation of the witch's role to one with destructive associations, and the eventual internalization of agents of witchcraft formerly viewed as external to the victim. | | | Such comparisons, of course, while interesting and heuristically useful, should only be attempted with methodological caution. | | | Zvi Abusch is well known for his many studies on the linguistic, literary, cultural, and sociological aspects of Mesopotamian "magic," but he is perhaps best known for his more specialized work on the Mesopotamian series of "witchcraft" texts known as Maqlû. |
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http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/JHS/reviews/review063.htm
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| | Mesopotamian Poetic Language: Sumerian and Akkadian |
| | This collection of articles is the result of the second meeting of the Mesopotamian Literature Group (Groningen), held in Groningen from 12 till 14 July 1993. | | | Proceedings of the Groningen Group for the Study of Mesopotamian Literature, Volume 2 |
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http://www.brill.nl/product.asp?ID=10161
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| | Ereshkigal (Mesopotamian goddess) |
| | Nergal, the demon who is the husband of the demon Allatou, may or may not be the same as the Mesopotamian God who is Eriskegal's husband. | | | Inanna, the demon in Hellstorm, may or may not be the same as the Mesopotamian Goddess. | | | Tiamat, the saltwater goddess, has no known connections to: |
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http://www.marvunapp.com/Appendix/eresh1.htm
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| | Wine Making / Art, Science and History |
| | The Mesopotamians were the first known people to cultivate grapes. | | | The ancient Egyptians recorded the harvest of grapes on stone tablets and the walls of their tombs. | | | From ancient civilizations to modern times, wine has been produced and enjoyed by many, from peasants to kings. |
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http://www.artmakers.com/wine/history.html
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| | Mesopotamian Art by History Link 101 |
| | History Link 101 is a site developed for World History Classes, by a World History Teacher. | | | Welcome to History Link 101's Mesopotamian Art Page. | | | Metropolitan Museum of Art 50 items from the Near East. |
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http://www.historylink101.com/ancient_mesopotamia/ancient_mesopotamia_art.htm
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| | Mesopotamian Gods - www.GatewaysToBabylon.com |
| | Equally important is to add that myths carry political and moral values of the source culture, whicn in this case is Mesopotamia, while at the same time provide the means for interpreting individual and collective experiences within a universal perspective. | | | The focus of the present series of essays will be on the retrieval of some of the many faces of the Divine Masculine based on Mesopotamian archetypes or God forms, to try and show that there is much more to the True Face of the Male Divinity than first strikes the eye. | | | In what follows, we will analyse the Divine Male, and our inspiration will be the passionate stories inscribed in clay with the cuneiform system of writing invented by the ancient Mesopotamians, many dated from pre-biblical times. |
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http://www.gatewaystobabylon.com/gods/lords/lords.html
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