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Topic: Landlocked



  
 Landlocked - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A landlocked sea is a sea that is either not at all or not directly connected to the oceans.
A sea that is almost landlocked is connected to the oceans by a strait only, such as the Baltic Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Black Sea.
The International Congo Society, which owned the modern-day Democratic Republic of the Congo, was given a thin piece of land bisecting Angola to connect it to the sea by the Conference of Berlin in 1885.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/landlocked   (926 words)

  
 Sample Research Report-- World Population Density
Landlocked states were defined as states without oceanic coastline or access to the ocean through water bodies such as the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, or the Persian Gulf.
An atlas and a world almanac were consulted to locate landlocked states and their population densities.
After completion of this list, the world political map
http://www.jsu.edu/depart/geography/mhill/research/resrept.html   (2057 words)

  
 Kazakhstan: Almaty Conference Aims To Open Up Landlocked States
Most of the remaining landlocked developing states are in Central Asia and the Caucasus, and also lag far behind in foreign investment and economic growth.
Schmidt said among the donor countries sending representatives to Almaty are the United States, Germany, Japan, Italy, Greece, and Canada.
He told RFE/RL his government is hoping for concrete results from the conference.
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/2003/08/mil-030827-rferl-144037.htm   (720 words)

  
 UN Chronicle: Trade routes for landlocked countries - Conference Room Paper
Landlocked countries can use the Almaty framework at the upcoming meeting of the Group of 77 developing countries in Marackech, Morocco, to look for opportunities to further increase trade among developing countries.
"Thirty landlocked developing countries did not have a United Nations document supporting their cause.
Chowdhury said, was that landlocked countries decided to press their case for preferential access to markets and for inclusion in the World Trade Organization.
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1309/is_4_40/ai_114007078   (1193 words)

  
 Gonadogenesis in Landlocked and Anadromous Forms of the Sea Lamprey, Petromyzon marinus
Gonad morphology and cytology were examined in landlocked and anadromous sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, larvae.
Gonadogenesis in Landlocked and Anadromous Forms of the Sea Lamprey, Petromyzon marinus
Gonadogenesis in Landlocked and Anadromous Forms of the Sea Lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, University of Guelph.
http://www.sgnis.org/publicat/ebf229.htm   (226 words)

  
 "); NewWindow.document.write("IRINnews"); NewWindow.document.write("
The preparatory talks were held in a bid to "reconcile outstanding differences between all parties", the UN said.
It also reinforces the right of all countries to enjoy secure access to the sea and establishes a set of policy guidelines for reducing red tape for landlocked country exports, while also respecting the prerogatives of the access nations.
IRIN is a project of the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
http://irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=36242&SelectRegion=Horn_of_Africa&...   (610 words)

  
 00-1226 -- National Union Fire Insurance Co. Of Pittsburgh v. Kozeny -- 09/28/2001
The initial complaint filed on February 18, 2000 named as Defendants Kozeny, Landlocked and Peak House and asserted seventeen claims for relief.
The first five claims were diversity claims based on COCCA.
Eleven claims were state claims with jurisdiction apparently based on 28 U.S.C. The first amended complaint filed on May 4, 2000 named as defendants Kozeny, Landlocked, Peak House and Turnstar and set forth twenty-one claims for relief.
http://www.kscourts.org/ca10/cases/2001/09/00-1226.htm   (2649 words)

  
 Paraguay To Host U.N. Meeting of 31 Landlocked Developing States - US Department of State
In an August 8 statement, the United Nations -- which is sponsoring the event in Paraguay's capital city of Asuncion -- said it will focus on helping landlocked nations improve their access to seaports and with other measures to make it easier for them to engage in world trade.
Washington -- Paraguay is hosting an August 9-10 international meeting that will address trade problems of the world's landlocked developing nations.
The head of that U.N. office, Anwarul Chowdhury, said at a 2003 regional meeting of landlocked developing states -- also held in Asuncion -- that landlocked states are among the poorest of the developing countries, with the weakest growth rates.
http://usinfo.state.gov/wh/Archive/2005/Aug/09-397411.html   (487 words)

  
 America's Public Forests Landlocked By Sea Of Development
MONTREAL -- America's national forests are beginning to resemble "islands" of green wilderness, increasingly trapped by an expanding sea of new houses, a forestry researcher will report today at the 90th annual Ecological Society of America (ESA) meeting in Montreal, Canada.
America's Public Forests Landlocked By Sea Of Development
Visit NewsDaily for the latest headlines from around the world.
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/08/050808063745.htm   (726 words)

  
 Landlocked Developing Countries - Wikipedia
Entwicklungsländer ohne Zugang zum Meer (LLDC, Landlocked Developing Countries) haben aufgrund ihrer Abgeschiedenheit zumeist besondere Schwierigkeiten, Zugang zum Weltmarkt zu bekommen, unter anderem, weil ihre Transportkosten besonders hoch sind.
Die UNO zählt 30 LLDCs, die zumeist in Afrika liegen, wie z.
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landlocked_Developing_Countries   (97 words)

  
 What Countries are Landlocked?
According to the CIA World Factbook, there are 43 countries and other areas that are landlocked.
Landlocked status is critical for many nations because it prevents unfettered access to the open ocean which, in turn allows for trade with most of the countries in the world.
Two countries in the world are double landlocked, which means that they are surrounded only by other landlocked countries: Lichtenstein and Uzbekistan.
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-countries-are-landlocked.htm   (219 words)

  
 Geography-note. The World Factbook. 2003
landlocked; highlands are main recharge area for Israel's coastal aquifers; there are 242 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the West Bank and 29 in East Jerusalem (February 2002 est.)
landlocked; population concentrated in eastern part of the country
landlocked; the only Grand Duchy in the world
http://www.bartleby.com/151/fields/19.html   (5050 words)

  
 LRB Lorna Sage : Landlocked
Landlocked, they panic at the smell of the sea: Lily has the horrors as the searchlight from a lighthouse sweeps the sky: 'She would not look up again.
But that's not at all what has happened: Lily and Bert simply run out of steam in Liverpool, en route to Canada - they cannot, when it comes to it, plunge into the unknown, they're defeated by the amorphousness of their personalities, being products of the present time.
Again it came along the sky.' She returns home, to settle for the old prospects.
http://www.lrb.co.uk/v23/n02/sage01_.html   (2371 words)

  
 landlocked and Stock Trading at TradeStars + Stock Trading
heavily traded), some are illiquid established landlocked bodies who make millions everyday have a vested interest in convincing us of two things.
Youll find that report and National Association of landlocked Securities Dealers, Inc. has issued several press releases on landlocked.
The NASDs release of July 29, 1999, describes a landlocked NASD rule proposal that was approved by the SEC on July 10, 2000.
http://www.tradestars.com/content/landlocked.asp   (175 words)

  
 [No title]
Brautigam (1999) provides additional scientific insight to why wild landlocked Atlantic salmon populations cannot be maintained in waters that do not have access to rainbow smelt populations.
This assertion is supported by a recent statement by the Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife that populations of landlocked Atlantic salmon cannot be sustained in the upper Presumpscot River due to a lack of rainbow smelt in the river (Brautigam 1997).
The observations at the Eel Weir Reach in Brautigam (1997) are confirmed and supported by those of Kendall (1935), who noted that when fish passage was available at the outlet of Sebago Lake, the upper Presumpscot River contained many large landlocked Atlantic salmon that had migrated into the river from Sebago Lake to spawn.
http://www.friendsofsebago.org/scoping17.html   (2604 words)

  
 Easements by Necessity - Tierra Grande (April 2001)
Contrary to what some believe, it is possible to own landlocked property - property having no public or private access - in Texas.
Depending on the circumstances, individuals in this predicament may petition the courts for an implied easement by necessity to obtain access across neighboring land.
The courts will also grant the easement when the landlocked owner has permission to cross other tracts lying between the neighboring land and the roadway.
http://recenter.tamu.edu/tgrande/vol8-2/1458b.html   (371 words)

  
 Boston.com / News / World / Latin America/Caribbean / Landlocked Bolivia wants to reclaim its spot on the beach
He has spent much of his 24 years in office traveling to Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil, lobbying local governments to improve the network of highways that lead to the Pacific.
IQUIQUE, Chile -- Landlocked in the heart of South America for the last 125 years, Bolivia wants its beach back, a stretch of sand much like the one in this Chilean city where the world's driest desert meets the sea.
http://www.boston.com/news/world/latinamerica/articles/2004/03/24/landlocked_bolivia_wants_to_reclaim_its_spot_on_the_beach   (958 words)

  
 Ministerial Conference of Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries ... Cooperation (Almaty, 28-28 August 2003) - ...
The political distance - determined by the landlocked country’s relationship with its neighbours, and
Therefore, being landlocked certainly accounts for many economic, infrastructure and political hardships.
However, it requires to be backed by strong political will and has to be integrated into a wider policy and development framework of governments and international organisations.
http://www.unece.org/press/execsec/2003/bs030828a.htm   (1305 words)

  
 Medrek Ethiopian Discussion :: View topic - Conference On Landlocked Countries Opens
It is very important to have such organization, because they can develop procedures for the landlocked countries to get free access to sea through neighboring countries according to president G. Bush ideology “new world order”.
The weeklong Intergovernmental Preparatory Committee follows regional meetings that were held earlier this year in Paraguay, Thailand and Ethiopia, and is also expected to take up organizational matters, including the election of the Bureau and the format of the conference.
Woyanes kill, maim, and kill all viable opposition and landlock and destroy a country to a point where our already lowest per capita goes from $110 to the low $80s for the first time in four/five decades, and Woyane still preaches to us, through the likes of Adamu, how democratic they are.
http://www.ethioindex.com/medrek/viewtopic.php?t=2849&highlight=   (971 words)

  
 UN Committed to Helping Landlocked Developing Countries Surmount Development Obstacles, Says Secretary-General, in ...
Some handicaps are linked to their geography, such as remoteness and lack of access to the sea.
The United Nations family remains strongly committed to helping landlocked developing countries surmount these hurdles.
As you know, the 31 landlocked developing countries confront formidable obstacles to their development.
http://www.unis.unvienna.org/unis/pressrels/2005/sgsm10038.html   (423 words)

  
 FAL BULLETIN Issue No. 203, July 2003 - THE ECONOMIC COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH LANDLOCKED STATUS
Two Latin American republics, Bolivia and Paraguay, lack sovereign access to ocean ports.
Many of these are multilateral agreements concluded within the framework of subregional groupings, such as the Andean Community (of which Bolivia is a member) and Mercosur (of which Paraguay is a full member and Bolivia an associate member).
A hasty conclusion would be that these higher rates are due to their landlocked condition.
http://www.eclac.cl/Transporte/noticias/bolfall/5/13505/FAL203.htm   (1819 words)

  
 DEVELOPMENT: Meet Will Show Landlocked Nations Way Forward - U.N.
In the 2000 U.N. Millennium Declaration, for example, world leaders called for a global partnership to address the special needs of those nations.
Africa leads all continents with 15 of the world's 30 landlocked developing countries.
In most cases, the neighbours of landlocked nations are themselves developing countries, often with broadly similar economic structure and facing similar scarcities of resources.
http://www.ipsnews.net/interna.asp?idnews=19578   (964 words)

  
 World Bank Contribution to UNCTAD Meeting of Governmental Experts from Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries 2001
Most of these documents may be found at the World Bank, Documents and Reports Web site or the InfoShop, telephone: 202-458-4500.
This paper gathers summaries of different documents and projects to which reference was made in the presentations given by World Bank representatives at the UNCTAD meeting on Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries.
The Report of the UNCTAD Secretariat on Transit Systems of Landlocked and Transit Developing Countries: Recent Developments and Proposals for Future Action and a Provisional Agenda for the meeting are available at the UNCTAD Web site.
http://www.worldbank.org/transport/training/unctad01.htm   (234 words)

  
 definition of landlocked
After, As, By, Confined, Fishes, Fresh-Water, Inclosed, Lake, Land, Landlocked, Naturally, Nearly, Of, Or, Reason, Said, Salmon, Sea, Seek, Spawning, That, The, To, Would
Confined to a fresh-water lake by reason of waterfalls or dams; -- said of fishes that would naturally seek the sea, after spawning; as, the landlocked salmon.
As, Lake, Land, Landlocked, Or, Reason, Salmon, Sea, Spawning, That, To
http://www.brainydictionary.com/words/la/landlocked183486.html   (116 words)

  
 Book Information: Landlocked :: Internet Book List :: A database of book information and reviews
In the aftermath of World War II, Martha Quest finds herself completely disillusioned.
Book Information: Landlocked :: Internet Book List :: A database of book information and reviews
Determined to resist the erosion of her personality, she engages in the first satisfactory love affair and breaks free, if only momentarily, from her suffocating unhappiness.
http://www.iblist.com/book18457.htm   (75 words)

  
 Landlocked Sailor
Never been so many miles from the sea before,
How I wish that happy landlocked sailor could be me.
(Now you know that happy landlocked sailor's really me.)
http://www.tomlewis.net/lyrics/landlocked_sailor.htm   (161 words)

  
 FreeAdvice Forums - Easement for landlocked lot
Should the County or any other government agency have required easements when the land was originally subdivided?
I should have known it was landlocked, but didn’t.
http://forum.freeadvice.com/printthread.php?t=191015   (607 words)

  
 Forums - View Profile: landlocked
landlocked is not a member of any public groups
SBT is not to be held liable for typographical errors contained in this website.
http://www.sbtontheweb.com/forum/member.php?u=8078   (45 words)

  
 Djibouti "natural gateway" for landlocked Ethiopia, says delegate
Before the Ethiopia-Eritrea border war of 1998, Ethiopia enjoyed preferential shipping rights at Assab port, which was the conduit for much of its trade with the outside world.
IRIN is a project of the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
The two-day conference - bringing together 30 landlocked countries and 33 transit access countries as well as donors and international organisations - is expected to endorse an agreement, known as the Almaty Programme of Action.
http://www.irinnews.org/print.asp?ReportID=36267   (401 words)

  
 Mongolia landlocked country
UNCTAD and its Unit dealing with the issues of landlocked developing countries continue to be an important focal point at the global level.
Since this is a meeting of like-minded delegations, I see no needs in presenting the case of the group at this meeting.
We are of the view that the United Nations’ agencies, such as UNCTAD, UNDP and others, should continue to render their valuable support to the efforts of the landlocked and transit developing countries to enhance and facilitate their transit transport systems, which are vital for accelerating their trade and development.
http://www.un.int/mongolia/LLDC56.htm   (823 words)

  
 Amazon.com: Landlocked (The Children of Violence, Book 4): Books: Doris May Lessing
This item is not eligible for Amazon Prime, but over a million other items are.
Landlocked (The Children of Violence, Book 4) (Paperback)
I own the rights to this title and would like to make it available again through Amazon.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0060976659?v=glance   (364 words)

  
 EUROPA - Development - Cotonou Agreement - ACP least-developed States and ACP landlocked States
EUROPA - Development - Cotonou Agreement - ACP least-developed States and ACP landlocked States
Annex 6 : Under this Agreement, the following countries shall be considered least-developed ACP States:
http://europa.eu.int/comm/development/body/cotonou/landlocked_en.htm   (39 words)

  
 landlocked Quotes - Inspirational Quotes at Quotes-Zone.com
Definition: Inclosed, or nearly inclosed, by land; having no border on the sea; as, a landlocked country.
Definition: Confined to a fresh-water lake by reason of waterfalls or dams; -- said of fishes that would naturally seek the sea, after spawning; as, the landlocked salmon.
http://www.quotes-zone.com/quotes/16/landlocked.php   (53 words)

  
 [No title]
9 of the worlds poorest 20 countries are landlocked.
The overall impact is that land-locked countries, and their economies, are unusually vulnerable to both exogenous events and the actions of other countries.
A definition of a 'land-locked' country is one that needs to traverse, at least, one other country to gain access to the sea.
http://www.gfptt.org/Entities/TopicProfile.aspx?tid=b32e2af7-5931-4b20-9d68-edb1a268ee70   (537 words)

  
 Children and Small Arms
A landlocked country is a country that is enclosed or nearly enclosed by land.
The UN have already started with making it possible for landlocked countries to utilize surrounding countries to transport goods, but this is not available everywhere, and is still costing the landlocked country money to get it out of multiple countries to the sea.
  Most countries that are landlocked have issues with inadequate trade.
http://www.uni.edu/ihsmun/resources/GUIDES/WaterRights.htm   (211 words)

  
 the loud bassoon online zine - records: the beach boys - landlocked/adult child
This fantastic boot pairs the 1971 album Landlocked with Adult Child from 1977, both very different albums that have in common the fact that they were deemed unacceptable for release.
Both are good albums, especially Landlocked, which has some amazing moments and certainly doesn't seem like it should have been shelved.
Landlocked went on to become Surf's Up after various permutations, and Adult Child was chopped up into many different pieces.
http://www.loudbassoon.com/records/B/beachboys_landlockedadultchild.html   (768 words)

  
 Landlocked Salmon
The material in your handouts which refers to the Atlantic Salmon is valid for the Landlocked Salmon.
The two are still considered to be members of the same species even though they do not interbreed in nature.
EXCEPT - The Landlocked Salmon do not return to the sea as young adults (smolt), only to a lake.
http://www.boquetriver.org/adoptlandlocked.html   (422 words)

  
 Bolivia seeks return to sea - The Washington Times: World Briefings
Sachs said that if a country is landlocked in the middle of one of the world's richest markets, as Switzerland is, there is no great disadvantage.
In a interview with The Washington Times at the presidential palace, Mr.
He pointed particularly to the land corridor that Croatia ceded last year to landlocked Bosnia and Herzegovina, giving the latter direct access to the Adriatic Sea through the fishing village of Neum.
http://washingtontimes.com/world/20040329-094218-2236r.htm   (1252 words)

  
 Boston.com / Sports / Outdoors / Landlocked salmon catch of the season
We've had an above-average season this year," said Henson, who grew up in Berlin, Maine, the son of the town's postmaster, who was also an avid fisherman.
Since most smelt schools rest on sandbars, then move at night, the best fishing time, said Henson, is early morning or last thing in the evening, when the smelt are active.
And when he's not doing that, or teaching his 5-year-old daughter, Emma, how to cast a fly rod or shoot with a bow, Henson spends much of the rest of his day engaged in serious fishing talk.
http://www.boston.com/sports/outdoors/articles/2004/05/21/landlocked_salmon_catch_of_the_season   (513 words)

  
 OutdoorsBest Forums: Landlocked Salmon
Lord only knows what they will do to the landlocks, especially in the West Branch.
I too fished allen street,but only early in the season when the landlocks are fresh.Ive been fishing the saranac river since the late 70,its an awsome river to fish if you know what your doing.
FWIW, I've also had good landlocked fishing on the Merrymeeting River (in Alton Bay, NH) in late October, when the salmon come in from Lake Winnipesaukee.
http://outdoorsbest.zeroforum.com/zerothread?id=299796   (1910 words)

  
 [No title]
We reaffirm the right of access of landlocked countries to and from the sea and freedom of transit through the territory of transit countries by all means of transport, in accordance with applicable rules of international law.
Transport costs are a key determinant of international trade competitiveness.
We request the United Nations High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States to ensure that the Conference is effectively followed up, within his mandate and in accordance with the relevant resolutions of the General Assembly.
http://www.un.org/special-rep/ohrlls/imc/Almaty%20Declaration.htm   (914 words)

  
 landlocked salmon - fishing hunting lake maine quebec salmon trout
Pyramid Mountain Camp is one of the finest hunting and fishing camps in Northern Canada.
Specializing in ultra light trolling and fly fishing for trout, kokanee, landlocked king salmon, steelhead, and salmon on the Feather, Sacramento and American Rivers, Eagle Lake, Lake Davis, Stampede Reservoir, Donner Lake, Lake Oroville and Folsom Lake.
The Leader in Ulta-Light trolling for Kokanee, Trout and landlocked King Salmon.
http://www.outdoors-x.com/outdoors-x/landlocked-salmon.html   (241 words)

  
 "Landlocked Gam" Review by Jay Langguth
Melville writes in his poem "Art" that in successful art unlike forces "meet and mate." What gams and works of art have in common, then, is the ability, if things go well, to bring contrary forces together for the sake of some greater whole.
Landlocked Gam, in addition to bringing together the lighthearted with the serious, also combines the personal with the symbolic, or iconic.
The event, entitled Landlocked Gam was the result of efforts by Professor Robert Wallace of Northern Kentucky and Professor Robert McCauley of Rockford College to bring students from differing backgrounds together to participate in a dialogue centered on Melville's continuing power to inspire artistic creations of various kinds.
http://www.nku.edu/~moby/gamreview.html   (806 words)

  
 Europaworld 29/8/2003 Talks On Access For Low-Income Landlocked States Termed 'Grand Success'
In addition to the 30 landlocked developing countries participating in the talks, there were 33 transit access developing countries, nine donor countries, seven additional developing countries and 20 UN and international agencies and financial institutions.
An international conference aimed at securing better market access for low-income landlocked countries, which ended in Almaty, Kazakhstan, this week was "a grand success," a senior United Nations official said.
Delegates at talks preceding the two-day conference established the Almaty Programme of Action, the first global action plan negotiated at the ministerial level that provides a framework for cooperation between landlocked and the transit access developing countries, promising reductions in red tape and transportation costs and time.
http://www.europaworld.org/week142/talks29803.htm   (296 words)

  
 The Sunday Telegraph: Brussels orders even landlocked countries to enact maritime laws@ HighBeam Research
You might think that would excuse landlocked Hungary and Slovakia from implementing European Union legislation on safety at sea, but that would be to underestimate Brussels bureaucracy.
The two countries are being threatened with expensive legal action in the European Court of Justice for failing to bring in Europe's...
Search for more information on HighBeam Research for.
http://www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:111386991&refid=holomed_1   (212 words)

  
 Nova Scotia Salmon Association: Fishing In Nova Scotia: Landlocked Salmon
They can grow to over 5 pounds and put up a fight that any bonefish would be proud of.
Fishing river mouths where they flows into lakes in the spring and again further up these same streams in the fall, when the landlocks are on their spawning run, is your best bet for hookups.
These smaller, freshwater Atlantic salmon don't go to sea but live in deep, coldwater lakes instead.
http://www.novascotiasalmon.ns.ca/fishinginns/landlockedsalmon.htm   (278 words)

  
 Definition of Landlocked from dictionary.net
(Zo["o]l.) Confined to a fresh-water lake by reason of waterfalls or dams; -- said of fishes that would naturally seek the sea, after spawning; as, the landlocked salmon.
we found 1 entry for the meaning of landlocked
Define landlocked and 150,000 other words at dictionary.net
http://www.dictionary.net/landlocked   (45 words)

  
 Secretary of State Kid's Page
The Landlocked Salmon, a subspecies of the Atlantic salmon, live in the lakes of the northern United States without ever descending to sea.
The two most important landlocked populations of the Atlantic salmon are the Sebago salmon, commonly found in New Hampshire, Maine, and New Brunswick, and the ouananiche, of Lac Saint-Jean, Canada.
Landlocked salmon attain a maximum weight of about 35 lbs.
http://www.state.me.us/sos/kids/allabout/symbols/fish.htm   (63 words)

  
 inside somaliland: Landlocked Ethiopia imports first cargo through port of Somaliland
"Ethiopia as a landlocked country gives consideration to all ports in the region," said Alemahayu Gebre Sellasie, leader of the Ethiopian delegation.
Landlocked Ethiopia imported its first cargo of electrical goods through the Red Sea port of Berbera on Tuesday in the breakaway republic of Somaliland, inaugurating an earlier deal, government officials said.
Trade between the two countries is mostly limited to the stimulant leaf qat, fruit and vegetables exported by Ethiopia and foodstuffs and other commodities exported by Somaliland.
http://www.insidesomaliland.blogtales.com/archives/000507.html   (434 words)

  
 Economic Development Problems of Landlocked Countries
Whereas traditional neoclassical theory is ambiguous, more recent directions in trade theory and the theory of economic growth suggest reasons why landlocked countries might be at a disadvantage.
Our empirical evidence confirms the hypothesis that landlocked countries experience slower economic growth.
Do landlocked countries face special economic development problems?
http://www.ihs.ac.at/publications/tec/14-abstr.htm   (57 words)

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