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| | Korea: Division, Reunification, and U.S. Foreign Policy by Martin Hart-Landsberg Excerpt |
 | | However, reunification by absorption was a disaster for the German people, and it would be a disaster for the Korean people as well. | | | This history of the German reunification process runs counter to the more widely held view that the collapse of the East left the West with no alternative but to pursue a rapid reunification through absorption. | | | Reunification has re-emerged as a "live" political issue during the decade of the 1990s, because of South Korean students' efforts, German reunification, and North Korean economic and political difficulties. |
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http://www.monthlyreview.org/koreac8.htm
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| | Flying Yangban: Analysis of reunification policy in the Kim Dae-jung (and Roh Moo-hyun) administration: Part Two |
| | First, that West Germany's policy of Ostpolitik (Eastern engagement policy) towards the East German government paved the way to a reunification agreement. | | | For several reasons, German reunification has overshadowed all others in the minds of Koreans and other actors involved in the peninsula as a model for Korean unification. | | | When faced with overwhelming opposition to reunification from the Soviet Union, the Germans sought to allay their fears through engagement. |
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http://gopkorea.blogs.com/flyingyangban/2003/11/analysis_of_reu_1.html
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| | Germany since reunification |
| | In this article "reunification" has been used quite intentionally, because the new Germany is clearly an extension of the FRG as originally constituted, and FRG itself claims to be an evolution from the Deutsche Reich of 1871. | | | Blacksell, M. (1982), Reunification and the political geography of the Federal Republic of Germany. | | | During 1990, when the frantic preparations were being made for a united Germany, there was some debate as to whether the process should be referred to as "reunification", or "unification", the distinction being that the former embodied an explicit historical continuity, while the latter signalled a new beginning. |
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http://www.intellectbooks.com/europa/number3/blacksel.htm
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| | German reunification - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | By the mid-1980s, the prospect of German reunification was widely regarded within both East and West Germany as a distant hope, unattainable as long as Communist governments ruled Eastern Europe. | | | German reunification (Deutsche Wiedervereinigung) took place on October 3, 1990, when the areas of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR, in English often called "East Germany") were incorporated into the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG, or "West Germany"). | | | The term "reunification" is used in contrast with the initial unification of Germany in 1871. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_reunification
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| | Problems with German Reunification |
| | Reunification promised to bring "social freedom" by ignoring the crimes of former Socialist party leaders: In the "Entnazifizierung" following World War II, thousands of Nazi criminals were brought to American and, later, German law courts. | | | Yet in the recent reunification of West and East Germany, German leadership has ignored crucial lessons from this successful period of transformation. | | | Reunification advocates ignored the post-War lesson that the western parts of Germany were not rebuilt by means of tax-money but by hard work in a relatively free economy. |
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http://www.reformed.org/webfiles/antithesis/v2n3/ant_v2n3_curr3.html
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| | Korea: Division, Reunification, and U.S. Foreign Policy by Martin Hart-Landsberg Excerpt |
| | However, reunification by absorption was a disaster for the German people, and it would be a disaster for the Korean people as well. | | | Well aware of South Korean governmental thinking, he also declared in his 1991 New Year's address that the South should have no illusions about achieving a German-style reunification. | | | If the Southern strategy for reunification by absorption were abandoned it would not, of course, necessarily mean that the governments of North and South Korea would end their mutual hostility and agree to implement a reunification process responsive to the needs and desires of all Koreans. |
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http://www.monthlyreview.org/koreac8.htm
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| | Introduction - Korea Briefing 2000-2001 - Policy & Business - Publications - Asia Society |
| | Koreans, in the North and the South, have carefully studied the German experience as a guide to the process, costs, and benefits of Korean reunification. | | | As for the regional powers, despite their public pronouncements of support for a Korean-led reunification process, political considerations would suggest that no one is looking forward to dealing with the disruptions that a unified Korea would present to regional alignments and power balances. | | | Koreans in both the South and the North would surely agree that in the process of seeking reunification the overriding concern must be to keep the peace. |
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http://www.asiasociety.org/policy_business/koreabriefing2000intro.html
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| | Germany reunification must consider territorial concerns |
| | Even if it wasn't necessary to prevent a collapse most Germans would want reunification -- just because it is now possible. | | | A German concession allowing Soviet forces to remain in East Germany would help Gorbachev at home. | | | But this is unlikely if the Germans give proper consideration to the worries of their neighbors. |
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http://www-tech.mit.edu/V110/N7/dishaw.07o.html
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| | East_German |
| | Following free elections in March 1990, the state was dissolved and its territory was annexed to the Federal Republic of Germany in October 1990 (German reunification). | | | East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR), German Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR), was a Communist state that existed from 1949 to 1990 in the former Soviet occupation zone of Germany. | | | The East German territory was reorganized into what is now the city of Berlin and five states, reconstituting political entities that had been abolished in 1950. |
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http://www.plasmatvwholesaler.com/search.php?title=East_German
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| | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania: Information From Answers.com |
| | They were briefly combined with Vorpommern in 1947–1952 and have been part of the present state since German reunification in 1990. | | | From 1952, when Mecklenburg's status as a state was abolished, until shortly before German reunification in 1990, the region was divided into the East German districts of Schwerin, Rostock, and Neubrandenburg. | | | The reconstituted state has been known as in German as Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. |
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http://www.answers.com/topic/mecklenburg-western-pomerania
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| | Korean reunification - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | With an eye to the German reunification it is apparent that South Korea does not have an economy as strong as that of West Germany. | | | Furthermore, it is widely thought that the state of the North Korean economy is worse than that of East Germany, and might bring the South Korean economy to the point of collapse. | | | Many supporters of the "Sunshine Policy" are motivated by prospects of reunification, a desire to avoid conflict on the Korean peninsula, and a desire to pursue a policy towards North Korea independent of the United States. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_reunification
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| | MSN Encarta - Germany |
| | In 1989 Germans from the East and West breached the Berlin Wall, an event that symbolized the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe and the beginning of German reunification. | | | The principal language is German, and two-thirds of the people are either Roman Catholic or Protestant. | | | An ultranationalist reaction gave rise to the National Socialist (Nazi) Party (see National Socialism), which gained power in the 1930s under German leader Adolf Hitler. |
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http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761576917
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| | No. 90-35 |
| | Recent polls indicate that 91% of the voters in East Germany favor reunification. | | | The leading role of the East German CDU should facilitate cooperation with the Kohl government on the many and important practical issues of unifying the two Germanies, e.g., agreement on monetary union and on the rate of conversion between the East German and West German currencies. | | | The election process itself affirmed the desire of the overwhelming majority of the East Germans for genuine democracy and their sense of political identification with the main political parties of West Germany. |
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http://www.security-policy.org/papers/1990/90-35.html
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| | On German nationalism |
| | Following German reunification, there have been numerous warnings concerning an alleged resurgence of nationalist sentiments in Germany.[1] Eva Geulen's analysis of German nationalism is part of this pattern. | | | A fundamental assumption of this approach is a "natural" trajectory of national development, which leads to the demonization of all German history, culture and politics as culminating, because of the late unification of the German nation, in the compensatory xenophobic nationalism of the Nazis. | | | Thus one could claim that the "belated" German nation has (as some of its citizens have discovered) an advantage over older nations which have never had to reflect on their artificial character, as had Germany between 1945 and 1991. |
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http://es.geocities.com/sucellus23/telos26.htm
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| | The Reunification Of Korea |
| | Korea lacks the internal economic infrastructure to accommodate the dramatic changes associated with a rapid reunification along the German model. | | | China is somewhat ambiguous about a Korean reunification as political and economic realities are forcing cautious shifts in Bejing's foreign policy. | | | A study of the potential reunification of Korea reveals political, military and economic issues of importance to the region and the world. |
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http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/1992/LRW.htm
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| | washingtonpost.com: In Berlin Wall's Dust, Germany Flounders |
| | The most recent kick in the pants was Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder's proposal last week to scrap German Unity Day as an official paid holiday to commemorate the reunification of East and West Germany in 1990. | | | It was against this backdrop of insecurity that the governing party proposed last week to de-emphasize German Unity Day, a holiday celebrated on Oct. 3. | | | "I wonder about the soul of a nation whose government plans such a thing, 15 years after our hard-fought unity," Lothar de Maiziere, the last East German prime minister, lamented in an interview with German television. |
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http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A35239-2004Nov8?language=printer
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| | Korea: Division, Reunification, & U.S. Foreign Policy, reviewed by Levkowitz |
| | German reunification took place after the collapse of East Germany and the subsequent absorption of East Germany by West Germany. | | | The end of the Korean conflict would solve one of the most important problems in Asia, and one of the main solutions that has been discussed and researched is reunification, an idea boosted after the reunification of Germany. | | | The only comparable case study is the reunification of Germany. |
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http://koreaweb.ws/ks/ksr/ksr99-04.htm
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| | Berlin Ditches Plans to Move Unity Day Current Affairs Deutsche Welle 05.11.2004 |
| | But opponents to the idea retorted that to strike the national holiday was "unpatriotic," akin to attacking the soul of the nation, referring to the overriding historical importance of the division and reunification of East and West. | | | Chancellor Gerhard Schröder has abandoned plans to abolish German Unity Day on the grounds the proposal lacked political support. | | | The holiday was created by the German Unity Pact of 1990, a federal law, and amending it would not require ratification by the Bundesrat, the upper house of parliament which represents the states. |
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http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,1564,1386127,00.html
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| | The Cold War Museum - Reunification of Germany |
| | Economic union with the West occurred in July, and on Oct. 3, 1990, political reunification took place under what had been the West German constitution. | | | In East Germany, conservative parties supporting reunification won the elections, and the new government and the force of events proceeded to dismantle the state. | | | The economy of the East largely collapsed, and the costs of reunification and the privatization of state-owned businesses in the East pushed Germany into recession and led to increased social tensions. |
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http://www.coldwar.org/articles/90s/reunification_of_germany.php3
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| | Political Education in the Former German Democratic Republic - Questia Online Library |
| | For the Germans, the five years since reunification have brought challenges of staggering magnitude that were so unanticipated that no contingency plans were in place to meet them. | | | A democratic and politically stable Germany is a cornerstone of America's fifty-year defense alliance with Western Europe. | | | The interviews ranged from sessions with two state culture ministers and the CDU education spokesperson in the German Parliament to several state culture ministry officials responsible for political education or for teacher training (or retraining) in their states, school headmasters, and teachers. |
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http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=95875305
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| | Germans Seek Place in History for 1953 East German Revolt |
| | After German reunification, the June 17 memorial day still on the books in the west was dropped in favor of Oct. 3, the joyful day on which east and west rejoined. | | | "As one of the few democratic mass movements and traditions, the people's revolt of June 17, 1953 represents some of the best of German history," said Marianne Birthler, a former East German democracy activist who manages the archive of the communist-era secret police, the Stasi. | | | East Germany's Stalinist rulers were caught off guard, too. |
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/fr/929466/posts
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| | German Democratic Republic - |
| | It is not known how many families were involved, but after reunification a file of letters from over 200 couples was found in the archives of the State Security Police (Stasi), begging for the return of their children. | | | Since East German law explicitly provided for removing children from such parents and placing them for adoption, under the terms of the German reunification treaty, no one can be prosecuted for it. | | | German Democratic Republic">email page to a friend |
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http://famous.adoption.com/famous/german-democratic-republic.html
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| | Germany - Encyclopedia of Political Information |
| | After the fall of Communism in Europe, Germany was reunited in 1990 (see German reunification); together with France the new Germany is playing the leading role in the European Union. | | | Before World War II, about two-thirds of the German population was Protestant and one-third was Roman Catholic. | | | Bundesregierung Deutschland - Official site of the German Federal Government |
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http://www.politicalinformation.net/encyclopedia/Germany.htm
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| | South Korean report: Reunification to cost 670bn US dollars |
| | "It has been generally and not implausibly presumed that Korean reunification would impose larger relative cost burdens that have materialized in the case of German reunification," the report said. | | | "The total cost of reunification would be dependent on how unification would occur, including for example, the costs of meeting humanitarian demands, stabilization requirements, the needs of human capital reeducation, training and replacement and the demands of social integration," the Rand Corp. said in a monograph prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defence. | | | "Reasons for this presumption are that relative income levels are much lower and the relative populations are larger in the North Korean-South Korean comparison than in the East German-Western German instance," it said. |
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http://news.monstersandcritics.com/mediamonitor/article_1005864.php/South_Korean_report_Reunification_to_cost_670bn_US_dollars
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| | PHILATELY - German Democratic Republic stamps |
| | After the reunification of both Germany in 1990 the Democratic Republic ceased to issue, as Berlin, its own stamps and from this year on, there are only stamp issues from the German Federal Republic. | | | Up to the reunification in the year 1990 the eastern part of Germany issued its own stamps. | | | ...as well as the last stamps from 1990, the year of german reunification, stamps still being sold, first in 'Ostmark' and at last in west currency. |
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http://www.martins.fr/Multimedia/Url/rdaamericain.htm
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| | USATODAY.com - Far-right activists march on German's day of unity |
| | The far-right march has become a fixture on Unity Day, a public holiday that marks the reunification of East and West Germany on Oct. 3, 1990. | | | At Mainz's 1,000-year-old cathedral, Lutheran bishop Manfred Kock condemned the Sept. 11 attacks, which investigators believe were carried out by Islamic extremists who lived for a time in Germany. | | | Parliament President Wolfgang Thierse called on former East Germans to seize the opportunity to help other formerly communist countries to the east join the European Union. |
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http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2001/10/03/german-unity.htm
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| | MSN Encarta - Search Results - Reunification |
| | The 1980s : pictures of events during the 1980s: reunification of Germany | | | German Reunification : pictures related to German reunification | | | Reunification, reuniting of a geographic area after it has been divided. |
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http://ca.encarta.msn.com/Reunification.html
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| | ODER-NEISSE LINE FACTS AND INFORMATION |
| | The reunification was rejected by West German Chancellor Konrad_Adenauer for several reasons. | | | Churchill later claimed that he would not have agreed to the Oder-Western Neisse line, and in his famous Iron_Curtain speech declared that "The Russian-dominated Polish Government has been encouraged to make enormous and wrongful inroads upon Germany, and mass expulsions of millions of Germans on a scale grievous and undreamed-of are now taking place" http://www.historyguide.org/europe/churchill.html. | | | At Potsdam, Stalin argued for the Oder-Neisse line on the grounds that the Polish Government demanded this frontier and that there were no longer any Germans east of this line, a claim which prompted Admiral Leahy, US President Truman's Chief of Staff, to whisper "The Bolshies have killed them all," into US President Truman's ear. |
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http://www.gottagetflowers.com/Oder-Neisse_line
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| | ppage4t |
| | The seeming plausibility of these estimates has been driven by the experience of German reunification in the past decade and its huge ongoing (and originally underestimated) costs. | | | The costs of Korean reunification are much more manageable than has usually been assumed. | | | If the process of reunification in Korea is negotiated sensibly and managed carefully, the ensuing cost burden imposed on the South and its allies can be limited to a sum that is less than one-tenth of the conventional estimates. |
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http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~jeehan/ppage4t.html
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