|
| |
| | Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Frederick lost the Imperial treasure and, with it, any hope to keep up his struggle against the rebellious communes, as well as the triumphant Pope, who began plans for a crusade against Sicily. | | | In his period in Jerusalem, this behaviour was much to the dislike of the Muslims too, who grew mistrustful of a Christian which was not a Christian. | | | By the mid-1230s, Frederick's viceroy had been forced to leave Acre, the capital, and by 1244, Jerusalem itself had been lost again to a new Muslim offensive. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
(5967 words)
|
|
| |
| | Frederick II (1194 - 1250, German King, Holy Roman Emperor |
| | His frequent correspondence with Arab masters on scientific matters contributed much to the suspicion with which he was regarded by the Catholic establishment. | | | He wasn't just making up completely implausable, unprovable theories, and then killing people who dared to disbelieve them, as were his opponents. | | | Given the number of believers in creationism, homeopathy and all sorts of nonsensical hearsay that still roam the earth, the scientific revolution which Frederick started still has some way to go. |
|
http://www.liebreich.com/LDC/HTML/HallOfFame/Frederick/Scientist.html
(557 words)
|
|
| |
| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Frederick II |
| | Frederick had also been obliged to acknowledge the pope as his overlord in Sicily, thus abandoning his father's cherished hopes of uniting Sicily with the imperial crown of Germany, though the attempts of the pope to entirely nullify this "personal union" were far from successful. | | | As soon as the emperor had established order in Germany, he again marched against the Lombards, which conflict soon brought on another with the pope. | | | > Frederick II CICDC - Home of the Catholic Lifetime Reading Plan |
|
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06255a.htm
(2264 words)
|
|
| |
| | Jerusalem Peace Treaty of Jaffa (020303) |
| | The Emperor assembled his people at Acre and had all the people of the city come and there were many who thought well of him.... | | | Now, while this was going on, the emperor had been warned of the treachery by his efficient and hardworking spies, but he at first hesitated, not believing that religious men were capable of such great malice. | | | Their jealousy was encouraged by the pope`s hatred for the emperor when they heard that the pope had already hostily invaded the empire. |
|
http://www.solami.com/jaffa1.html
(9950 words)
|
|
| |
| | Councils of Lyons |
| | Many bishops and prelates were unable to attend the council because they had been prevented by the invasions of the Tartars in the east or the attacks of the Saracens in the holy Land, or because Frederick II had intimidated them (especially the Sicilians and Germans). | | | The council on this question shows us clearly the critical position reached by the medieval theory and practice of ruling a christian state, which rested on a double order of authority. | | | Since the state of affairs was undoubtedly complex and difficult, Gregory X had conceived a very broad plan involving the whole christian world. |
|
http://mb-soft.com/believe/txs/lyons.htm
(13622 words)
|
|
| |
| | Sixth Crusade - Psychology Central |
| | Frederick attempted to negotiate with the pope, but eventually decided to ignore him, and sailed to Syria in 1228 despite the excommunication, arriving at Acre in September. | | | Frederick now had a claim to the truncated kingdom, and reason to attempt to restore it. | | | Legally, however, he was actually regent for his son Conrad II of Jerusalem, only child of Yolande and the grandson of Maria of Montferrat and John of Brienne, who had been born shortly before Frederick left in 1228. |
|
http://psychcentral.com/psypsych/Sixth_Crusade
(685 words)
|
|
| |
| | Cyprus History: Lusignan Period - The Rule of Henri I |
| | When the siege had lasted for more than a year without results, the defenders received news that no further help could be expected from the emperor and that they were permitted to bring matters to a conclusion. | | | No sooner had he sailed from Brindisi than a pestilence among his troops compelled him to return to Italy, where he was in consequence excommunicated by the new Pope, Gregory IX. | | | As Frederick II in 1228 was on his way to Palestine, he was met by a delegation of Cypriot barons, led by Sir Amalric Barlais, who asked his aid on behalf of the queen against the bailiff, Jean d'Ibelin. |
|
http://www.cypnet.co.uk/ncyprus/history/lusignan/2henri1.htm
(1799 words)
|
|
| |
| | March 18 - Free Encyclopedia |
| | 1940 - World War II: Axis powers - Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini meet at Brenner Pass in the Alps and agree to form an alliance against France and the United Kingdom. | | | 1944 - World War II: Nazi forces occupy Hungary. | | | 1945 - World War II: 1,250 American bombers attack Berlin. |
|
http://www.wacklepedia.com/m/ma/march_18.html
(755 words)
|
|
| |
| | CNN - Almanac - December 13, 1997 |
| | Over the following six weeks, in one of the worst atrocities of World War II, they killed an estimated 200,000 Chinese in what became known as the "Rape of Nanking." | | | In 1939, in World War II, the battle of the River Plate took place off the coast of South America between the British cruisers Exeter, Ajax and Achilles and the German battleship Graf Spee. | | | In 1545, the Council of Trent, summoned by Pope Paul III in May 1542, finally met to discuss doctrinal matters, especially the rise of Protestantism. |
|
http://www.cnn.com/almanac/9712/13
(563 words)
|
|
| |
| | Wikinfo Frederick |
| | Frederick I of Prussia, (1657-1713), Elector of Brandenburg (1688-1713), King in Prussia (1701-1713) | | | Frederick Augustus I of Saxony, (1750-1827), Elector (1763-1806) and King (1806-1827) of Saxony | | | Frederick I of Württemberg, (1754-1816), Duke (1797-1803), Elector (1803-1806), and King (1806-1816) of Württemberg |
|
http://www.wikinfo.org/wiki.php?title=Frederick
(298 words)
|
|
| |
| | Frederick II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Frederick II, Margrave of Brandenburg (1413–1470, margrave 1440–1470) | | | Frederick II of Hesse-Kassel (1720–1785) Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel | | | This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_II
(141 words)
|
|
| |
| | Page 2 |
| | Frederick was excommunicated in 1227, reconciled in 1230, violently condemned in 1236, and excommunicated a second time in 1239. | | | He ruled both Sicily and Kingdom of Italy, at least in theory, and he spent much of his life making that theory a reality. | | | His name was Frederick of Hohenstaufen and he looms large because he came closer than anyone to bringing all of Italy under his sway. |
|
http://history.boisestate.edu/hy309/Italy/02.html
(178 words)
|
|
| |
| | BikeAbout Trip Log: April 8-10, 1998 |
| | Frederick II traveled to Jerusalem and remained for a while in the Arab world as part of the Crusades. | | | However, he was so enchanted by the Arab culture that he quit crusading. | | | Educated by the Pope (after all Frederick had the same birthday as Jesus Christ), he was crowned (at the age of four) by his father as King of Sicily. |
|
http://www.bikeabout.org/journal/notes_113.htm
(2445 words)
|
|
| |
| | History Focus September 29 |
| | Frederick II was born in Lesi, Italy, on December 26, 1194. | | | Because he was a man of culture, he gathered scholars and men of letters at his Sicilian court, which Dante called the birthplace of Italian poetry. | | | He was loved by the people of Italy, but his extensive time with the problems in Italy left little time to rule Germany. |
|
http://www.geocities.com/ransome/0929focus.html
(352 words)
|
|
| |
| | Frederick II -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | For his efforts to unify the German states and for his opposition to the Roman popes, the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I became a legendary German hero and a symbol of national unity. | | | Ernestine duke of Saxony, or Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach, whose attempts to regain the electoral dignity, lost by his father to the rival Albertine branch of the House of Wettin, led to his capture and incarceration until his death. | | | His reign, like that of his grandfather Frederick I, was filled with conflict: wars for control of his Kingdom of Sicily; war against the Lombard League, a confederation of cities in northern Italy; the rebellion of his own son Henry VII and other German... |
|
http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9035231
(787 words)
|
|
| |
| | 1274 - Simple English Wikipedia |
| | Pope Gregory X decrees that conclaves (meetings during which the electors have no contact with the outside) should be used for papal elections, reforming the electoral process which had taken over three years to elect him. | | | May 7 - The Second Council of Lyons, held by the leadership of the Roman Catholic Church convenes to consider the conquest of the Holy Land via Crusades and address the East-West Schism with the Byzantine church. | | | The Council eventually approves a tithe to support efforts to conquer the Holy Land from Muslims, and reaches apparent resolution of the schism which ultimately proves unsuccessful. |
|
http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1274
(136 words)
|
|
| |
| | Putignano Guide |
| | Holy Roman Emperor from 1220 until his death in 1250, bloodless ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, he was also King of Sicily, from 1198 to 1250, where he was raised and lived most of his life. | | | For 200 years it was governed by Benedictine rule and by the | | | One of the most remarkable personalities in world history, Frederick II, a religious skeptic tried and failed to win the loyalty of the people of Putiganano. |
|
http://www.carnivalcities.com/italy
(699 words)
|
|
| |
| | Medieval Sourcebook: Salimbene: On Frederick II, 13th Century |
| | Frederick cut off a notary's thumb who had spelt his name Fredericus instead of Fridericus. | | | Yet Salimbene is careful to note that Frederick's cruelties might justly be excused by the multitude of his open and secret enemies, and that he had a saying sense of humour. | | | Moreover, he knew to speak with many and varied tongues, and, to be brief, if he had been rightly Catholic, and had loved God and His Church, he would have had few emperors his equals in the world." |
|
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/salimbene1.html
(506 words)
|
|
| |
| | 1250 - Voyager, the free encyclopedia |
| | The world population in 1250 is estimated at between 400 and 416 million individuals. | | | February 8 - Robert I of Artois, French crusader (killed in battle) (born 1216) | | | The Lombard League dissolves upon the death of its member states' nemesis, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor. |
|
http://www.voyager.in/1250
(583 words)
|
|
| |
| | Denver Rocky Mountain News: HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR'S TOMB MAY HOLD CLUE TO DEATH IN 1250@ HighBeam Research |
| | But popular legend has it that he was murdered, perhaps suffocated or poisoned by his son. | | | Admired by Italians as a precursor of their country's linguistic and political unity, Frederick is believed to have died of dysentery at Castelfiorentino in southeast Italy in 1250. | | | Scientists opened the tomb of Frederick II, holy Roman emperor and king of Sicily, Monday in an effort to shed light on the mystery of his death. |
|
http://www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:17967431&refid=holomed_1
(230 words)
|
|
| |
| | Frederick II |
| | In 1222, As Frederick II held court in Bari, St. Francis came to the royal court with holy exhortations against the dangers of sin, and to warn the nobility of the dangers of the court. | | | A strange encounter between the Emperor of the known world and a man who had taken a vow of poverty took place with the Frederick taking the role of tempter. | | | egend tells of the meeting of the great skeptic Emperor Frederick and the great believer St. Francis. |
|
http://psychicinvestigator.com/demo/CrusadS2.htm
(91 words)
|
|
| |
| | Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor : Otto IV |
| | Otto had been supported by Pope Innocent III, but Innocent withdrew his support after Otto's military adventures in Italy. | | | In 1211 the Diet of Nuremberg ordered Otto deposed and Frederick II Hohenstaufen elected in his place, but until Otto lost the battle of Bouvines (July, 1214) decisively to the forces of Philip II of France nothing happened. | | | Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor : Otto IV Otto IV of Brunswick, King of Germany (1208-1215) and Holy Roman Emperor (from 1209), was elected king when his opponent, Philip of Swabia (Hohenstaufen), was murdered. |
|
http://www.fastload.org/ot/Otto_IV.html
(172 words)
|
|
| |
| | http://www |
| | Paris School of Theology founded, later known as the Sorbonne | | | This page has links to texts, a brief bio, and an image of a sculpture of Aquinas by Father Bednar. | | | Fourth Lateran Council establishes doctrines on transubstantiation, confession, and relic worship |
|
http://www.saumag.edu/edavis/timeline.htm
(318 words)
|
|
| |
| | National Sporting Library - NSL Collection Highlights - The Art of Falconry by Emperor Frederick II |
| | First written shortly before the year 1250 by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor and entitled De Arte Venandi cum Avibus, this work is a product of the early Italian Renaissance and is regarded as the first zoological treatise written in the critical spirit of modern science. | | | Best known for our equestrian sporting literature, the National Sporting Library boasts a collection the breadth of which is often unrecognized. | | | As such - and since variety is the spice of life - we are pleased to present as the year's first Book of the Month selection Emperor Frederick II's The Art of Falconry. |
|
http://www.nsl.org/jan1bk.htm
(235 words)
|
|
| |
| | NodeWorks - Encyclopedia: 1228 |
| | Venice - Pietro Ziani Doge of Venice (ruled from 1205 to 1229) | | | Conrad IV of Germany becomes titular King of Jerusalem, with Frederick II as regent. | | | Baldwin II becomes emperor of the Latin Empire in Constantinople, with John of Brienne as regent. |
|
http://pedia.nodeworks.com/1/12/122/1228
(200 words)
|
|
| |
| | Army Variants: Lusignan Cypriot |
| | As the overlord of Cyprus, he had given its governance to five Cypriot knights known as the bailis. | | | He returned to Cyprus, fighting several battles with Frederick's forces there and recapturing Cyprus by mid 1233. | | | The dynasty Guy of Lusignan founded ruled Cyprus until 1489. |
|
http://www.umiacs.umd.edu/~kuijt/dba162c/VariantArmy.html
(1082 words)
|
|
| |
| | Today in History - November 22 |
| | 1518 The faculty at Wittenberg wrote to Frederick III attesting to their complete agreement with Luther's views. | | | His death came on the same day that Aldous Huxley and John F. Kennedy also died. | | | 1220 Pope Honorius III crowned Frederick II as Holy Roman Emperor in an attempt to reestablish relations between the emperor and the pope. |
|
http://chi.lcms.org/history/tih1122.htm
(1230 words)
|
|
| |
| | Calvin Seminars in Christian Scholarship - Christian Scholarship... for What? - Rebecca Flietstra |
| | Sambilene degli Adama, a Franciscan historian and contemporary of Frederick II, describes the experiment this way: | | | According to legend, in the thirteenth century Frederick II, Holy Roman emperor and German king, performed a linguistic experiment. | | | In drawing on our biological capacities to be in relationship, God calls us to live out our true nature as social animals. |
|
http://www.calvin.edu/scs/2001/conferences/125conf/papers/flietst.htm
(3124 words)
|
|
| |
| | The page cannot be found |
| | Open IIS Help, which is accessible in IIS Manager (inetmgr), and search for topics titled Web Site Setup, Common Administrative Tasks, and About Custom Error Messages. | | | Go to Microsoft Product Support Services and perform a title search for the words HTTP and 404. |
|
http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/f/fr/frederick_ii,_holy_roman_...
(121 words)
|
|
| |
| | Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor : Emperor Henry VI |
| | His accession to the throne of Sicily united the northern and southern lands of the empire and deeply alarmed other Mediterranean powers. | | | Emperor Henry VI was crowned king of Sicily in Palermo in 1194, entered Rome in 1196, and was crowned by Pope Celestine III. | | | Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor : Emperor Henry VI Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (November 1165 - September 28, 1197) was king of Germany 1190-1197, and Holy Roman Emperor 1191-1197. |
|
http://www.fastload.org/em/Emperor_Henry_VI.html
(135 words)
|
|
|
