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| | Etruscan language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Although some modern scholars claim that Etruscan is either distantly related to Indo-European, or even a member of the Indo-European branch of Anatolian languages (see Lemnian language), and others that it is part of some theoretical super-family like Nostratic, there is no conclusive evidence of either. | | | Herodotus (Histories I.94), however, describes the Tyrrhenians as immigrants from Lydia in western Anatolia, led west, fleeing famine, by their leader Tyrrhoeus, to settle in Umbria [1]; the Tyrrhenians of Herodotus are sometimes identified with the Etruscans, although there is no material cultural evidence to back this up. | | | The obscure roots of Etruscan continue to attract speculation from farther afield as well. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_language
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| | Castello Banfi - Culinary History - Etruscan Origins Of Tuscan Cuisine |
| | Etruscan women wrestled men, conduct that scandalized Greeks and Romans whose women occupied a secondary place in society. | | | The Greek historian, Dionysius, born some four centuries after Herodotus, claimed this was all nonsense. | | | Some say their language was Indo-European, others deny it. |
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http://www.castellobanfi.com/features/story_salute.html
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| | Etruscan Language |
| | The apparent isolation of the Etruscan language had already been noted by the ancients; it is confirmed by repeated and vain attempts of some to assign it to one of the various linguistic groups or types of the Mediterranean and Eurasian world. | | | A third language, Camunic, sparsely recorded in NW Italy and written in the Etruscan alphabet, may possibly also have been related, but the evidence is too sparse to allow any safe conclusions. | | | Lemnian, recorded on the island of Lemnos, also appears to have been related to Etruscan. |
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http://www.mysteriousetruscans.com/language.html
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| | Etruscans, Main page |
| | Scholars think that the Etruscans were a seafaring people from Asia Minor. | | | Both theories, as well as a third 19th-century theory, have turned out to be problematic, and today scholarly discussion has shifted its focus from the discussion of provenance to that of the formation of the Etruscan people. | | | Herodotus, for example, argued that the Etruscans descended from a people who invaded Etruria from Anatolia before 800 BC and established themselves over the native Iron Age inhabitants of the region, whereas Dionysius of Halicarnassus believed that the Etruscans were of local Italian origin. |
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http://ragz-international.com/etruscans.htm
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| | Etruscans |
| | And this is, in fact, the duration of the period of political independence of the Etruscans, if we consider the time from the Villanovan phase to the beginning of the I century b.C., that is when the Etruscans obtained the civitas, the Roman citizenship. | | | Other conclusive information about the Etruscans comes from writers of other times. | | | Etruscan excavations began in the eighteenth century, and in the nineteenth century major archaeological evidence was found at Tarquinia, Cerveteri, and Vulci. |
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http://www.crystalinks.com/etruscians.html
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| | Etruscan alphabet and language |
| | Most Etruscan inscriptions are written in horizontal lines from left to right, but some are boustrophedon (running alternately left to right then right to left). | | | Fragments of a Etruscan book made of linen have also been found. | | | No major literary works in Etruscan have survived, however there is evidence for the existence of religious and historical literature and drama. |
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http://www.omniglot.com/writing/etruscan.htm
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| | Etruscan Resources Inc. - Home Page - Wed Oct 12, 2005 |
| | Canada's Business Report interview with Gerry McConnell, President & CEO. | | | Jun 21, 2005: Media and Newsletters: E-Research Report recommends Etruscan as a buy | | | SmallCap Executive Broadcast interview with Gerry McConnell, President & CEO - September 21, 2005 |
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http://www.etruscan.com
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| | OccultForums.com - Etruscan |
| | The Etruscan numerals are ONE, FIVE, TEN, FIFTY, HUNDRED, HUNDRED-B, THOUSAND, and THOUSAND/TEN-THOUSAND, placed on keys 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9 (key 7 is reserved, 0 is not existing!). | | | One of the interesting aspects which has been discussed in gathering years years ago, (I wish I would have wrote all that down now!) is that the actual Etruscan Alphabetic/Numerical Characters have many properities. | | | Although the Etruscans have been called The People of the Book, very little of their writing survives. |
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http://www.occultforums.com/archive/index.php/t-7771.html
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| | Etruscan Splendors from Volterra in Tuscany |
| | Although only a few items were recovered from this recent site, the examination of the tomb and its treasures has enriched scholars' knowledge of Etruscan society. | | | Poggio alle Croci has been the site of other historically significant Etruscan and Roman finds. | | | Offered to deities in gratitude or devotion, Etruscan votive figures may represent the image of their donor. |
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http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/mishkin/lombra/etruscan.html
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| | Special |
| | In fact, "by about 525 B.C., they…reached the height of their confident expansion…[and] nearly all Italy had been under the domination of the Etruscans" (Macnamara, 29-30). | | | The Etruscan people were a very unique breed of human beings. | | | The Etruscans had the ambitious dream of uniting all of Italy under a single power - their own. |
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http://www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/religion/arcproj/head/Special.html
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| | Origins of the Etruscans |
| | And this might well form the historical core of that myth of Trojan origin, which the Romans have borrowed from their neighbouring nation, in order to claim it for themselves. | | | For the first time there was a testimony at hand that enables us to pursue the traces of the Etruscans back to their Aegean country of origin in Asia Minor by applying modern linguistic methodology. | | | They are written in a hitherto unknown variant of the Greek alphabet and a language equally unknown in 1885; which language, from obvious reasons, was called Lemnian. |
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http://etruskisch.de/pgs/og.htm
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| | MVAP Home |
| | Additionally, we have published, and will continue to publish, timely interim reports in scholarly journals. | | | Field school participants study Etruscan material culture, excavation theory and techniques, survey, conservation, and the basic methodology of archaeological research. | | | It is our belief that if archaeology is to survive as a discipline into the next century, it will have to develop a broader base of support and will have to change its image from an elite and esoteric discipline understood by only a chosen few. |
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http://www.smu.edu/poggio
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| | Johns Hopkins University Press Books Etruscan Dress |
| | For students, moreover, it serves as a model on how to 'read' archaeological finds of fabric and representations of garments in order to elicit valuable insights into Etruscan culture."--Judith Lynn Sebesta, New England Classical Journal | | | She also addresses the problem of determining which garments were actually worn and which were only artistic conventions. | | | In addition, by tracing the origin of each style of dress, she provides a chronology of Etruscan relations with the Near East and the cities of Greece. |
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http://www.press.jhu.edu/books/title_pages/1543.html
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| | ETP - Etruscan Texts Project |
| | Citations in scholarly publications should refer to this site as follows: | | | Etruscan Texts Project is under construction at the Department of Classics of the University of Massachusetts Amherst. | | | Etruscan Texts Project is supported by generous grants from: |
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http://etp.classics.umass.edu
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| | The Etruscans - Eduseek |
| | Contact us : Comments and Suggestions : Map | | | Subjects > History > History - 12+ > Empires and Civilizations > Ancient Civilizations > Ancient Rome > The Etruscans | | | Link to us : Add Eduseek to your site : Newsletter |
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http://www.eduseek.com/static/navigate744.html
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| | Etruscan civilization: Information From Answers.com |
| | The Etruscans are generaly believed to have been a non-Indo-European people who inhabited northern and central Italy before 800 BC. | | | There are three theories that seek to explain the obscure origin of the Etruscans. | | | The Romans, whose culture had been greatly influenced by the Etruscans (the Tarquin rulers of Rome were Etruscans), were distrustful of Etruscan power. |
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http://www.answers.com/topic/etruscan-civilization
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| | Etruscan - Etruscan Art |
| | The Etruscans were an agrarian people, but they also used military means to dominate the region. | | | For their Greek contemporaries and Roman successors, the Etruscans were clearly a different ethnic group. | | | Little Etruscan literature remains and the language of inscriptions on their monuments has been only partially deciphered. |
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http://www.huntfor.com/arthistory/ancient/etruscan.htm
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| | ArtLex on Etruscan Art |
| | Among theories about the Etruscans' origins are the possibilities that they migrated from | | | The Etruscan Museum was founded in 1837, during the pontificate of Gregorio XVI. | | | For their Greek contemporaries and Roman successors, the Etruscans were clearly a different ethnic group. |
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http://www.artlex.com/ArtLex/e/etruscan.html
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| | Etruscan Tarot Review |
| | As very little of the Etruscan language has been deciphered, most of what is known about these people is reconstructed from archaeological artefacts and Roman writings. | | | Silvana Alasia, known for creating tarot decks such Nefertari's Tarot and the Egyptian Tarots, was the iconographic researcher for the Etruscan Tarot. | | | The Etruscan Tarot is a historically-themed art deck, based on the culture, civilisation, and mystical beliefs of the ancient Etruscans, a pre-Roman tribe who lived in what is now modern day Italy. |
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http://www.aeclectic.net/tarot/etruscan/review.html
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| | Etruscan -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | The Romans called the Etruscans Etrusci or Tusci; in Greek they were called Tyrsenoi or Tyrrhenoi; in Umbrian and Italic language their name can be found in the adjective turskum. | | | The Etruscans were expelled from the city, and Rome became a republic. | | | The origin of the Etruscans has been a subject of debate since antiquity. |
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?tocId=9033158&query=etruria
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| | Etruscan |
| | The Etruscans were an elite people, when it came to military matters they were the masters, leaders, and officers, they depended on the humiles (lower classes of people) to fill the ranks of common soldiers (miles), thus I believe that Lat. | | | Shelta is a cant or arbitrarily contrived speech which the eminent Gaelic scholar Kuno Meyer believed to have been at one time the possession of the Filid or ancient poets of Ireland, and to be the same as the cryptic speech called Ogham. | | | It is quite possible that Sybaris,which according to Etruscan orthography would be written *Supuru, also became their ultimate designation for city. |
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http://www.geocities.com/hbry
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| | AncientScripts.com: Etruscan |
| | The Etruscan language has never been conclusively shown to be related to any other language in the world. | | | The Etruscan language did not have many of the sounds that the Greek language had. | | | 700 BCE to 100 CE The Etruscans were the first people in the Italic peninsula to learn to write. |
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http://www.ancientscripts.com/etruscan.html
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| | Amazon.com: Books: Etruscan Civilization: A Cultural History |
| | The Etruscans (Peoples of Europe) by Graeme Barker | | | Etruscans are also contrasted to the Greeks (whom they often emulated) and to the Romans (who both admired and disdained them). | | | The thoroughly "reader friendly" text combines well-known aspects of the Etruscan world with new archaeological discoveries and insights into the role of women in Etruscan society. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0892365757?v=glance
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| | Education World® - *History : Classical / Ancient : Etruscan |
| | Etruscans Religion, Superstition, and Rites Studies the religious beliefs, rituals, and sacrificial rites of the Etruscans. | | | Etruscans American Similarities Studies Etruscan art and society and makes correlations between American society and that of the ancient Italian civilization. | | | Etruscan Network Directory of resources offers site links as well as art, history, religion, and culture bibliographies. |
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http://db.education-world.com/perl/browse?cat_id=10158
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| | The Problem of Ancient Minor Languages and Their Origin: Etruscan and Indo-European: an article by Cyril Babaev |
| | Etruscans must have been the representatives of the so-called Mediterannean race which lived here before Indo-Europeans came to Europe. | | | The Etruscan alphabet was interpreted as Slavic, but proof and facts were too weak to take this theory seriously into consideration. | | | Etruscans lived in Asia Minor, somewhere between Syria and the Hellespont, and when the pressure of wary Hittites (who had arrived here from Central Asia) became intolerable, they had to go to the West and soon through Aegean Islands began inhabiting Italy. |
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http://indoeuro.bizland.com/archive/article2.html
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| | Etruscan Engineering and Agricultural Achievements |
| | The rituals of Etruscan religion have much in common with the ancient Sumerian and later Akkadian civilisations. | | | If it is accepted that the Etruscans origined in Asia Minor, then their forefathers would have come in contact with numerous ancient civilisations going back as far as the dawn of civilisation itself in Mesopotamia. | | | The Etruscans had a deep knowledge of Hydrology and hydraulics, a knowledge which they put to good use in their many land drainage schemes. |
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http://members.tripod.com/%7ECentime/Etruscans/eng.html
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| | In Italy Online - In Search of the Etruscan |
| | ittle is known of the Etruscans, a people who sprang to importance in the 8th century BC. | | | This is one of the greatest Etruscan masterpieces ever discovered. | | | he Etruscans' demise may be partly attributed to their ephemeral attitude towards life on this earth, which led them to build their homes of wood and clay. |
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http://www.initaly.com/regions/latium/etruscan.htm
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| | Museo Gregoriano Etrusco II |
| | Museo Gregoriano Etrusco II Museo Gregoriano Etrusco II The Etruscan Museum was founded in 1837, during the pontificate of Gregorio XVI. | | | Tages was the infant seer, the newborn with the face of an old man, who suddenly sprang from the earth before the eyes of Tarquin, the founder of Tarquinia, and revealed to him and to other Etruscan leaders the secrets of Etruscan religious discipline and, in particular, the art of divination. | | | The Sphinx sits on a column, much in the way that sphinxes were shown on attic grave reliefs of the Archaic period. |
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http://www.christusrex.org/www1/vaticano/ET2-Etrusco.html
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| | Internet Archaeol 4. Perkins Home page |
| | This study presents some of the results of 18 years of research in the Albegna Valley/Ager Cosanus area, Tuscany, Italy. | | | Collections from individual sites have been published in the past but the Albegna Valley/Ager Cosanus is the first part of Etruria, investigated at a regional scale, where the Etruscan ceramics have been fully studied and published. | | | This study concentrates upon a part of the finds made during field walking: the ceramics dating to the Etruscan period (8th-3rd century BC). |
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http://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue4/perkins_index.html
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| | The Etruscan World: Technology & Commerce |
| | Etruscan cities came to be known for their different specialties. | | | So many Greek vases have been excavated from Etruscan tombs that archaeologists once assumed they had been made in Etruria. | | | Etruscan shipwrecks found off the coasts of Italy, Sardinia, and France produce a suprising assortment of Greek vases alongside Etruscan amphorae filled with produce. |
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http://www.museum.upenn.edu/new/worlds_intertwined/etruscan/technology.shtml
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| | [No title] |
| | This visit allows us to come to the fo llowing conclusion\: these women were the first "feminists"of the ancient world. | | | The Etruscan woman was famous in the ancient world, not only for her beauty, but the amount of freedom she enjoyed. | | | The Rom an woman was more shy, more reserved and more controlled by a society which had given her the role of Mater Familia for a long time. |
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http://www.travel.it/archaeol/incent.htm
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| | In Italy Online - ETRUSCAN ITALY: A Roadmap |
| | Little is known about these people, except that they were great artisans. | | | Inquire at the museum, because you may have to wait for a group to form. | | | Most are open Tues-Sun 9-7 from May to September, and 9-4 the rest of the year. |
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http://www.initaly.com/~initaly/regions/classic/etruscan.htm
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| | USC Archaeological Research Collection: Etruscan Lion Plaque Pendant |
| | Etruscan goldsmiths were famous for their granulation technique, which can be seen on this beautiful pendant. | | | No one knows where the Etruscans came from originally, but they were one of several peoples living in the area that today we call Italy. | | | Eventually their civilization was taken over by the Romans, who adopted much of the Etruscan culture. |
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http://www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/wsrp/educational_site/uscarc/Pendant.shtml
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| | Unveiling Ancient Mystery: Etruscan Treasures - Mabee Gerrer Museum of Art - Absolutearts.com |
| | The Etruscans were highly accomplished artisans who rose to power, then disappeared, leaving behind many unanswered questions concerning their origin and their influence. | | | Admission to “Etruscan Treasures” will be $14 for adults, $12 for seniors and tour groups, $10 for youths ages 6 to 16, $10 for those with a student I.D. and free for children age 5 and younger. | | | This will be the first time that many of the Vatican Museums’ pieces have been exhibited abroad and the first time most of the gold jewelry ever has been exhibited. |
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http://www.absolutearts.com/artsnews/2004/06/02/32091.html
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| | History in Review - Etruscan Civilization: A Cultural History |
| | This is a wonderfully written and researched book suited for a wide range of audiences. | | | Etruscan Civilization: A Cultural History is also so beautifully illustrated that is can also serve as a coffee-table book. | | | Yet, it is also authoritative, and uses the latest research on the Etruscans and will therefore also be of interest to academics. |
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http://www.largeprintreviews.com/HIRetruscan.html
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| | etruscan press bearing imagination... |
| | Etruscan is proud to announce that we are the recipient of recent grants from The National Endowment for the Arts, The Ohio Arts Council, and the Nathalie and James Andrews Foundation. | | | Etruscan Press is a nonprofit cooperative of poets and writers working to produce and promote books that nurture the dialogue among genres, achieve a distinctive voice, and reshape the literary and cultural histories of which we are a part. | | | We look forward to introducing you to Etruscan Press books and hope you will find our collective voice one that speaks to you. |
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http://www.etruscanpress.org
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| | Academic Directory on Etruscan Art |
| | This highly-accessible site features key works from the museum's collection of ancient Egyptian, Middle Eastern, Greek, Etruscan and Roman art. | | | This site features images and catalogue information for the museum's collection in ancient Egyptian, Middle Eastern, Greek, Etruscan, Roman and Early Christian art. | | | Professor Rozmeri Basic has created this site to support his seminar in Etruscan Art at the University of Oklahoma. |
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http://www.alllearn.org/er/tree.jsp?c=40430
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| | Travel Info Italy |
| | Etruscan worked with perishable goods(wood, earthenware) that's why we lost thw majority of these documents. | | | The etruscan civilization spread itself from VIII century and the half of first century b.c., on Tuscany, Umbria and high Lazio.Also in Emilia Romagna and Padania we find important remains of this presency in Italy.Etruscan art is the result of the single state town production, with magalomaniac walls remains. | | | Necropolis are the witness of the big importance given by the Etruscan to people dead.In many tombs have been found jewels, sculptures, earthenware and bronze objects, sarcofaguses and marvellous parietal pictures. |
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http://www.travel.it/archaeol/etrus/etrus.htm
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| | Etruscan Civilization Cosmopolis |
| | Haynes has not only many years working with the Etruscan collections in the British Museum - largely a result of 19th century excavations - but she has also kept close contact with ongoing excavations in Italy where she is a frequent scholar in residence. | | | The Greeks stimulated the Etruscan art whereas the Romans absorbed many elements of Etruscan culture as it declined before they defeated the Etruscans and ended their independence as a people. | | | Etruscan Civilization combines well-known aspects with insights gained from recent discoveries. |
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http://www.cosmopolis.ch/english/cosmo13/etruscan.htm
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| | Detroit Institute of Arts : Permanent Collection - Ancient Art - The Etruscans |
| | The Etruscans were a mysterious people, their place of origin unknown, their language little understood. | | | Even though most of the art of the Etruscans that has come down to us was created for funeral purposes, its strength and vigor fill it with life. | | | Their art shows influences of earlier Italic cultures, the eastern Mediterranean, and Greece, but their style is uniquely their own. |
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http://www.dia.org/collections/ancient/theetruscans/theetruscans.html
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| | Tuscany of the Etruscan |
| | The origin of this people is still today mysterious, having come up to us only illegible fragments of their writing-system. | | | - Etruscan Art (Yale University Press Pelican History of Art) | | | The last Etruscan city to capitulate was Velzna (now called Orvieto) in the 265 AC Ca 900-750 AC - Villanovan cultures in Italy. |
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http://www.castellitoscani.com/etruria.htm
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| | Volterra: Etruscan Guarnacci Museum |
| | The cinerary urns were and are still displayed according to the theme carved on the lower case of the urns and the other items according to their typology. | | | In this section of the museum, recently excavated tombs have been meticulously reconstructed. | | | This expositive criteria has recently been updated with the addition of exhibits placed in chronological order, an itinerary purposefully designed to offer a comprehensive overview of the historical development of the Etruscan Velathri. |
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http://www.comune.volterra.pi.it/english/museiit/metru.html
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| | Etruscan Board in AW |
| | Etruscan Board in AW Rome Athens Egypt Babylon Celtia Germania MachuPicchu | | | I would like to create/participate in an Etruscan Board for Study (articles etc.) and discussion for all Etruria enthousiasts. | | | All posts about Etruscans and Etruscan culture will have to be regarded as valuable approaches, whereas open discussions about that should be possible too. |
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http://www.ancientworlds.net/19650
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| | Gregorian Etruscan Museum |
| | The museum was founded by Pope Gregory XVI in 1837 and mostly contains objects that starting from 1828 were found in the excavations of the ancient cities of southern Etruria (today northern Latium), then part of the Pontifical State. | | | An integral part of the museum is the large collection of Greek vases, although these were found in the Etruscan necropolises, and of Italiot vases (produced in the Hellenized cities of southern Italy), which permit following the history of ancient painting through famous products of potters and ceramists. | | | The millenary history of the Etruscan people is narrated here by ceramics, bronzes, silver and gold which document a flourishing craft structure and a special artistic civilization. |
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http://mv.vatican.va/3_EN/pages/MGE/MGE_Main.html
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| | The State Hermitage Museum: Collection Highlights |
| | In ancient times the area south of the Apennine peninsula and the eastern coast of Sicily populated by Greek settlers in the 7th century BC were called Greater Greece. | | | The culture and art of ancient Italy are represented by numerous items from various regions of pre-Roman Italy, the most interesting being objects from Etruria and Greater Greece. | | | Vases with mythological subjects and images of animals created under the influence of Greek traditions of the Archaic (6th century BC) and Classical (5th-4th centuries BC) periods are of great significance. |
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http://www.hermitagemuseum.org/html_En/03/hm3_1_2.html
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| | Antiqua medicina: etruscan |
| | Models of bronze livers which were used by priests to interpret omens within the liver have been unearthed in Etruria. | | | The Romans inherited some of their ideas of anatomy and medicine from their Etruscan ancestors and adapted them to the practice of the official state religion, specifically in the practice of hepatoscopy, or reading the divine signals in animal livers. | | | In Cato’s day, that is the period following the Second Punic War in the early second century BCE, sumptuary laws were passed to combat conspicuous consumption. |
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http://www.med.virginia.edu/hs-library/historical/antiqua/textj.htm
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| | Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art Exhibitions |
| | This is the first time many of the Vatican Museums’ pieces will be exhibited abroad and the first time the gold jewelry has ever been exhibited. | | | The Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art is the only venue in the United States to host the exhibition Unveiling Ancient Mystery: Etruscan Treasures. | | | This amazing exhibition of over 200 pieces of Etruscan gold jewelry and 14 pieces of Etruscan marble and terracotta artifacts is from the private collections of the Italian Prince Fabrizio Alliata and from the Gregorian - Etruscan Museum of the Vatican Museums. |
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http://www.mgmoa.org/exhi_gall_over.htm?gid=2
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| | Charun |
| | The Etruscan demon of death who torments the souls of the deceased in the underworld. | | | Home » Areas » Europe » Etruscan mythology | | | Cite, rate, or print article Send comment Used sources |
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http://www.pantheon.org/articles/c/charun.html
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| | Landscape Painting Art Workshops In Tuscany, Italy |
| | We work outside during the art workshops, on location, under the Tuscan sun or clouds, and have all the equipment necessary for the task. | | | The landscape of Tuscany has inspired generations of travelers and artists. | | | Etruscan Places is focused on the art of open air or plein air or outdoor landscape painting. |
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http://www.etruscan-places.com
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