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| | History Channel: Did the proto afro-asiatic languages ... |
 | | According to John Wilson, a British anthropologist, people like the Karamojong are one of the parent groups responsible for populating the earth between when Africans began to migrate to the rest of the world. | | | I have and will always believe until I see considerable evidence to the contrary that the proto afro-asiatic languages developed in the arabian peninsula and that overpopulation on the peninsula caused certain ethnic groups to move out of the peninsula. | | | You should trust those who mastered several desciplines (such as political science) since they have a wider view, your history teacher has dim view of ancient politics how it might have altered or deviated the true account of human history. |
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http://boards.historychannel.com/thread.jspa?forumID=81&threadID=300026757&messageID=100409177&start=-1
(1076 words)
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| | NodeWorks - Encyclopedia: Afro-Asiatic languages |
| | Leo Reinisch (1909) proposed to link Cushitic and Chadic, while urging a more distant affinity with Egyptian and Semitic, thus foreshadowing Greenberg; but his suggestion was largely ignored. | | | s-m "name" (Ehret: *sŭm / *sĭm), attested in Semitic (*sm), Berber (isem), Chadic (eg Hausa suna), Cushitic, and Omotic (though the Berber form, isem, and the Omotic form, sunts, are sometimes argued to be Semitic loanwords.) The Egyptian smi "report, announce" may also be cognate. | | | Tonal languages are found in the Omotic, Chadic, and South & East Cushitic branches of Afro-Asiatic, according to Ehret (1996). |
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http://pedia.nodeworks.com/A/AF/AFR/Afro-Asiatic_languages
(1005 words)
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| | CIA - The World Factbook -- Field Listing - Languages |
| | English 20% (official), some 20 ethnic group languages, of which a few can be written and are used in correspondence | | | Hebrew (official), Arabic used officially for Arab minority, English most commonly used foreign language | | | Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by Israeli settlers and many Palestinians), English (widely understood) |
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http://cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/fields/2098.html
(2198 words)
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| | UCLA Language Materials Project Language Profiles Page |
| | Somali is perhaps the best documented and most thoroughly studied Cushitic language. | | | Outside Somalia, it is spoken by approximately five million people in a number of countries, including Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Oman, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Italy, Finland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. | | | The exact number of speakers is unknown because of the recent civil wars and the resultant waves of migration. |
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http://www.lmp.ucla.edu/Profile.aspx?LangID=176&menu=004
(1284 words)
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| | Web resources for Cushitic languages |
| | Dahalo sound files at the UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. | | | Sound files hosted at the UCLA Phonetics Lab. | | | Sociolinguistic survey report of the languages of the Gawwada (Dullay), Diraasha (Gidole), Muusiye (Bussa) areas (PDF). |
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http://goto.glocalnet.net/maho/webresources/cushitic.html
(644 words)
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| | Chadic languages |
| | The Chadic languages are a member of the Afroasiatic phylum, together with Semitic, Ancient Egyptian, Berber and Cushitic. | | | Apart from Hausa, only a few other Chadic languages of Nigeria have been well described. | | | Most Chadic languages are spoken by just a few hundred up to a few thousand people. |
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http://www.uiowa.edu/intlinet/unijos/nigonnet/nlp/chadic.htm
(197 words)
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| | KAM African Influence on Judaism |
| | Greenberg had identified five different branches of Hamito-Semitic: Cushitic, Egyptian, Berber, Chadic and Semitic. | | | Greenberg realized that the Cushitic branch languages were far more divergent from each other than were those of any other branch. | | | This proto-Cushitic tongue evolved not only into Cushitic, Egyptian, Berber, and Chadic tongues, but into the Semitic branch as well. |
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http://www.geocities.com/CollegePark/Classroom/9912/africajudaism.html
(1419 words)
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| | African Local Languages |
| | Consequently, ECA's programme on promoting African languages remains a challenge for the continent and represents a real form of democratizing access to the information society. | | | This also included addressing the continent's linguistic specificities with the introduction of new technologies that ensures access for all. | | | Ethiopic is the script used to write Amharic, the official working language of Ethiopia, as well as many other Semitic and Cushitic languages in Ethiopia and Eritrea. |
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http://www.uneca.org/aisi/all.htm
(306 words)
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| | Appendix 4: The Somali Ethnic Group and Clan System |
| | A very small number of Arab settlers founded the current Somali ethnic group about 1200 A.D. At that time, it appears that the territory which is now the Republic of Somaliland, the former British Somaliland, was occupied primarily by the Oramo ethnic group. | | | Their military defeat of the Cushites around 330 A.D. appears to have marked the end of the Kingdom of Cush. | | | According to the elders of the Beja ethnic group in Ethiopia, another Cushitic ethnic group, they do explicitly claim to be descendents of Cush, the son of Ham, the son of Noah. |
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http://www.civicwebs.com/cwvlib/africa/somalia/1995/reunification/appendix_4.htm
(5965 words)
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| | African Languages by Countries :: Official and national Languages of Africa |
| | some 20 ethnic group languages, of which a few can be written and are used in correspondence. | | | English (used in courts of law and by most newspapers and some radio broadcasts) | | | Lingala and Monokutuba (lingua franca trade languages), many local languages and dialects (of which Kikongo is the most widespread). |
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http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/african_languages.htm
(572 words)
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| | LINGUIST List 5.1448: Comparative Method |
| | I should also say that, since no one in this discussion has so far been interested in the substantive issues, we have NOT established that there is NO reconstruction of Nostratic morphology comparable to those for some well-established families. | | | Summing his many assertions of this principle leads me to assert as his principle that what is probative for genetic relationship is, as I have stated previously, a demonstration of the possibility of writing a grammar of the protolanguage (not a "comparative grammar"). | | | This is just the same type of feature that Teeter cites as obvious evidence of the relationship between (say) German and Latin. |
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http://www.ling.ed.ac.uk/linguist/issues/5/5-1448.html
(1558 words)
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| | LINGUIST List 8.754: Language Classification in Africa |
| | West Cushitic has been called Omotic, and North Cushitic, Beja as a separate branch. | | | Are the so-called `Nilo-Saharan' languages a well-defined >glosso-genetic family or merely a geographically-defined group? | | | There is presumably no question that all the so-called >`Cushitic' languages are members of the Afro-Asiatic family. |
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http://www.ling.ed.ac.uk/linguist/issues/8/8-754.html
(710 words)
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| | Cushitic languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The Cushitic languages are a subgroup of the Afro-Asiatic languages, named after the Biblical figure Cush by analogy with Semitic. | | | Cushitic was traditionally seen as also including the Omotic languages, then called West Cushitic, but this view has been largely abandoned; the Omotic languages are now considered an isolated branch of Afro-Asiatic. | | | Richard Hayward, on the other hand, breaks up East Cushitic into three well-supported families: Sidamic or Highlands, a diverse Lowlands family (with Afar, Somalic, and Oromic subgroups), and Dullay (he apparently leaves Yaaku unclassified), that he believes should be considered separately when attempting to work out the internal relationships of Cushitic. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cushitic_languages
(326 words)
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| | Afroasiatic languages - Columbia Encyclopedia article about Afroasiatic languages |
| | Hebrew was the language of the Jewish people in biblical times, and most of the Old Testament was written in Hebrew. | | | All Semitic languages are writtten from right to left except Ethiopic, Assyrian, and Babylonian, which are written from left to right. | | | Another theory holds that the language family came into being in Africa, for only in Africa are all its members found, aside from some Semitic languages encountered in SW Asia. |
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http://columbia.thefreedictionary.com/Afroasiatic+languages
(2579 words)
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| | A Summary of the Cushite Peoples of Eastern Africa |
| | Af-Helledi is a Maay secret language used by hunters. | | | The Cushite peoples are thus those who speak languages of the Cushite cluster in the Afro-Asiatic family. |
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http://endor.hsutx.edu/~obiwan/articles/cushite.html
(4925 words)
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| | East Africa Living Encyclopedia |
| | Cushitic speakers, except for the Gosha and some hunting groups, are pastoralists who speak Somali or Galla. | | | Bantu is spoken by 65% of the population, Cushitic by 4%, and Nilotic/Paranilotic by 31%. | | | Swahili, English, and other ethnic languages are combined into a new language called Sheng. |
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http://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/klanguages.htm
(870 words)
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| | HEC refs |
| | Cushitic adpositions and their possible relatives in Semitic. | | | Cushitic lexicostatics: the second attempt, Afroasiatica Neopolitana, Alessandro Bausi and Mauro Tosco, eds., 171-188. | | | Highland East Cushitic (HEC) is a group of Afroasiatic Eastern Cushitic languages spoken by peoples numbering several million in south-central Ethiopia. |
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http://www.msu.edu/~hudson/HECrefs.htm
(2039 words)
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| | Afar -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | Both groups are Sunni Muslims by religion and speak Cushitic languages. | | | Amharic Adal, Arabic Denakil, a people of the Horn of Africa who speak Saho, a language of the Eastern Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic (formerly Hamito-Semitic) family. | | | The Afar, who are kin to the Ethiopians, are concentrated in the north and west. |
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9003906
(713 words)
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| | Cushitic Branch |
| | All the remaining languages have populations of under 100,000 speakers, and some of them are small enough to be endangered or on the brink of extinction. | | | Their tonal system is different from other tonal languages such as Chineses in which every word is associated with a particular tone. | | | Their tonal system is different from other tonal languages, such as Chinese, in which every word is associated with a particular tone. |
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http://www.nvtc.gov/lotw/months/july/cushtic.html
(481 words)
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| | Ethnologue report for Ethiopia |
| | Dialects: Hamer and Banna are separate ethnic groups who speak virtually the same language. | | | Ethnic population: 1,631 of whom 1,519 (93%) speak Amharic as first language, others speak other first languages. | | | The Language Academy said it should be considered a separate speech variety. |
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http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=Ethiopia
(2599 words)
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| | Ethiopian Languages - Semitic, Cushitic, Omotic and Nilo-Saharan |
| | Ge'ez is the ancient language, and was introduced as an official written language during the first Aksumite kingdom when the Sabeans sought refuge in Aksum. | | | English, Arabic, Italian and French are widely spoken by many Ethiopians. | | | The Semitic languages are spoken in northern, central and eastern Ethiopia (mainly in Tigray, Amhara, Harar and northern part of the Southern Peoples' State regions). |
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http://www.ethiopiantreasures.toucansurf.com/pages/language.htm
(319 words)
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| | ETYMOLOGY AND ELECTRONICS: THE AFROASIATIC INDEX |
| | Inevitably cognates were noted between these languages and the other major branches of Afroasiatic, so that the project early on acquired a certain Afroasiatic dimension. | | | Around the same time that they were discovering Indo-European, scholars were becoming aware of the existence of other major families like Semitic (uniting, among others, Akkadian, Aramaic, Hebrew, Ugaritic, Arabic, South Arabian, and Ethiopic). | | | A precursor of the Cushitic Index, and something of a pilot for the whole project, has been the Cushlex project, initiated in 1987 with the help of a National Science Foundation Grant. |
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http://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/PROJ/CUS/NN_Spr96/NN_Spr96.html
(1426 words)
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| | Gene B. Gragg |
| | Gene Gragg has been involved in both linguistics and languages of the Near East since the time when, as a graduate student in the Department of Linguistics at the University of Chicago (1962-66), he became interested in applying linguistic rigor to the study of Ancient Near Eastern languages. | | | His recent research has largely evolved around problems of electronic analysis and publication of Ancient Near Eastern textual corpora, and the lexical and grammatical research tools correlated with these corpora, and with on-going projects in historical (Afroasiatic) linguistics. | | | 13 in R. Hetzron (ed) The Semitic Languages (Routledge, 1997), pp. |
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http://humanities.uchicago.edu/depts/nelc/facultypages/gragg
(740 words)
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| | Staff: Dr David L Appleyard |
| | 'Beja as a Cushitic language', in ed(s) ed G Takács Egyptian and Semito-Hamitic (Adro-Asiatic) Studies in memoriam W. Vycichl, pp.175-194. | | | Cushitic and semitic languages of Ethiopia, Eritrea and the Horn | | | 'Ethiopian Semitic and South Arabian: towards a re-examination of a relationship', Israel Oriental Studies (Studies in Modern Semitic Languages), 16: 203-228. |
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http://www.soas.ac.uk/staff/staffinfo.cfm?contactid=154
(414 words)
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| | yourDictionary.com • Library |
| | And it is even easier to see how the Cushitic peoples came up with their own quite different meanings for the very same ancient root word. | | | The other major branch of the Afroasiatic languages is Cushitic. | | | The Spanish adopted their word still earlier from Arabic qutun during the period of Muslim (Moorish) rule in Spain in the Middle Ages. |
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http://www.yourdictionary.com/library/cotton.html
(430 words)
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| | Ethnologue report for Sudan |
| | Santandrea reports it to be halfway between Banda and Kresh; nearer to Banda in vocabulary and Kresh in structure. | | | Dialects: They consider themselves to be a Kresh tribe, but their language is not intelligible to the Kresh. | | | [See also SIL publications on the languages of Sudan.] |
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http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=Sudan
(4938 words)
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| | MSN Encarta - Cushitic |
| | Cushitic, subgroup or branch of languages of the Hamito-Semitic or Afro-Asiatic language family (see Afro-Asiatic Languages). | | | Become a subscriber today and gain access to: |
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http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_762508510/Cushitic.html
(70 words)
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| | Maarten info |
| | ___ "A dialectometrical study of some Bantu languages (A.40-A.60)". | | | Present research: Grammar of Alagwa, grammar of Konso, language manipulation, relexification, urban youth languages, typology of Cushitic languages, early East-African history. | | | Maarten Mous is Professor of African Linguistics and holds the chair of the Department of Languages and Cultures of Africa, Leiden University. |
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http://www.tca.leidenuniv.nl/index.php3?m=29&c=196
(1135 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | Today their descendents populate the Eastern half of Kenya and continue to speak almost a dozen Cushitic languages, the main ones of which are Orma, Ogaden, Obdalia, Somali, Boni and Rendille. | | | Today their descendents occupy most of Central Kenya, speaking the Nilotic languages Maasai, Luo, Samburu and Turkana. | | | Though there are over thirty distinct dialects spoken by hundreds of tribes within Kenya, the major indigenous languages can be divided into three main groups: |
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http://www.tjhsst.edu/~jlamb/global/kenya/LANG.HTML
(184 words)
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| | Cushitic |
| | Amanirenas - Amanirenas queen of Cush Born: late first century B.C. Amanirenas presided over the kingdom of... | | | Hamitic languages - Hamitic languages, subfamily of the Hamito-Semitic family of languages, a now-abandoned system of... | | | ], group of languages belonging to the Afroasiatic family of languages. |
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http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/society/A0814337.html
(123 words)
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| | Dienekes' Anthropology Blog: Y haplogroup E3b1 in Somali males |
| | The Cushitic languages and cultures are mainly found in the Somalis and the Oromos, one of the two main groups inhabiting Ethiopia.44, 45, 46. | | | The Somali and Oromo people live in clans with special patterns of marriage and the Somali and Oromo people have complex, interwoven pedigrees.44, 45 | | | The Cushitic languages belong to the Afro-Asiatic languages that are spoken in Northern and Eastern Africa. |
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http://dienekes.blogspot.com/2005/03/y-haplogroup-e3b1-in-somali-males.html
(468 words)
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| | Web resources for Afroasiatic languages in Africa |
| | Les langues dans le monde ancien et moderne, v 1: les languages de l'Afrique subsaharienne. | | | There are some 250, maybe more, Afroasiatic (aka Afrasian, Erythraic, Lisramic, Hamito-Semitic) languages spoken in Africa. | | | The Afro-Asiatic languages: classification and reference list (PDF). |
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http://goto.glocalnet.net/maho/webresources/afroasiatic.html
(119 words)
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| | African Languages: Oromo |
| | Oromo belongs to the Cushitic languages among the afro-asiatic language family. | | | 28 million speakers in Ethiopia, Somalia and northern Kenya it is one of the most important languages in Africa, along with Arabic, Swahili and Hausa. | | | Catherine Griefenow-Mewis / Rainer M. Voigt (eds.): Cushitic and Omotic Languages. |
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http://www.koeppe.de/html/e_oro.htm
(110 words)
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