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| | Afro-Asiatic languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Leo Reinisch (1909) proposed to link Cushitic and Chadic, while urging a more distant affinity with Egyptian and Semitic, thus foreshadowing Greenberg; but his suggestion was largely ignored. | | | Lionel Bender (1997) advocates a "Macro-Cushitic" consisting of Berber, Cushitic, and Semitic, while regarding Chadic and Omotic as the most remote from the other branches. | | | s-m "name" (Ehret: * sŭm / * sĭm), attested in Semitic (* sm), Berber ( isem), Chadic (eg Hausa suna), Cushitic, and Omotic (though the Berber form, isem, and the Omotic form, sunts, are sometimes argued to be Semitic loanwords.) The Egyptian smi "report, announce" may also be cognate. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro-Asiatic_languages
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| | Ethiopian Jews or Beit Israel |
| | Some scholars have suggested that the Beta Israel are the descendants of a group speaking Agaw (a Cushitic language) converted by Jews from southern Arabia (present-day Yemen) roughly 2000 years ago. | | | Still others trace the group's history to the biblical parting of the Red Sea, holding that the Jews of Ethiopia were those who did not cross in time and thus escaped from Egypt by heading south. |
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http://archive.blackvoices.com/research/encarta/tt_176.asp
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| | Journalistic Assault |
| | After all, if the Afar people, another Cushitic branch in the region, are the closest to Lucy, could it be far fetched to speculate that the Oromo people may have achieved old civilization of liberty and free speech long time ago through the Gada system? | | | As NASA scientists and other inquisitive minds in the world ponder about signs of water on Mars to answer the question of whether life existed on the red planet, it is very interesting to observe an elderly Oromo from a remote corner of Oromo land try to explain what life is constituted of. | | | From what both Jesus and Mohammed are reported to have said, it appears that Cushitic people’s values were looked up to by both prophets. |
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http://www.voicefinfinne.org/English/ViewPoint/ViewPoint_071704.html
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| | Ethiopia: Origins and the Early Periods ~a HREF="/et_00_00.html#et_01_01" |
| | By the middle of the ninth century, Islam had spread to the southern coast of the Gulf of Aden and the coast of East Africa, and the foundations were laid for the later extensive conversions of the local populace to Islam in these and adjacent regions. | | | About 1137 a new dynasty came to power in the Christian highlands. | | | East of the central highlands, a Muslim sultanate, Ifat, was established by the beginning of the twelfth century, and some of the surrounding Cushitic peoples were gradually converted. |
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http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/etsave/et_01_01.html
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| | Meru history - Traditional Music & Cultures of Kenya |
| | Whether or not this ties in with Meroe is mere speculation, but it does neatly lead on to the next section, which describes the not-so-neat migrations which followed the crossing of the "Red Sea". | | | This theory is inherently more complex, as no one knows for sure where the Meru actually came from. | | | In any case, 'Cushitic' is a misnomer, as most of these theories have the Meru coming from the region of the Nile, making them Nilotes like the Maasai and Turkana. |
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http://www.bluegecko.org/kenya/tribes/meru/history.htm
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| | Kenya’s People - the Cushites - Traditional Music & Cultures of Kenya |
| | However, there's a lot of academic dispute about this, with some 'experts' claiming a Cushitic presence in northeastern Kenya as long ago as 7000 BC (ie. | | | Chasing the Lizard's Tail - across the Sahara by bicycle | | | Cushitic-speaking peoples that are or will be included in this website: Borana, Burji, El Molo, Gabbra, Merille, Orma, Rendille, Somali. |
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http://www.bluegecko.org/kenya/contexts/cushites.htm
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| | Chapter 1: Historical Background on Somali Unity |
| | The Somali ethnic group came into existence around 1200 AD, when a small number of Arab settlers along the coast between Zeila and Bosaso married local Cushitic indigenous women, combining the Arab clan-structure system with the Cushitic/Shungwaya political/cultural system and a Cushitic language. | | | This young ethnic group flourished, possibly due to innovative nomadic techniques brought from Arabia, spreading deeply into present Ethiopia and Kenya, displacing other Cushitic groups, such as the Oramo ethnic group, and Bantu people who lived here earlier. | | | The political structure of city states reflects the primarily nomadic occupation of the people, with traders centralized in cities on good trading routes, and without clear "national borders" as are common today for "nation states" of farmers, as in Europe. |
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http://civicwebs.com/cwvlib/africa/somalia/1995/reunification/chapter_1.htm
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| | Afro-Asiatic languages |
| | and Egyptian against Cushitic and Semitic; and Lionel Bender (1997) advocates a "Macro-Cushitic" consisting of Berber | | | rather than (as previously believed) a subgroup of Cushitic | | | and Cushitic; the Chadic group was not included. |
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http://www.baapoo.com/wiki,index,goto,Afro-Asiatic_languages.html
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| | History |
| | The make believe history of the so called "Galla Migration" of the sixteenth century is a war of liberation from the Abyssinians who were slowly encroaching on the Cushitic and other people's lands. | | | The Afar, Somali, Saho, and Sidama are some of the Cushitic people of Africa. | | | Ever since their arrival from south Arabia, the Abyssinians have been encroaching on the Cushitic land, and slowly pushing the Cushitic people in different directions. |
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http://www.voiceoforomiyaa.com/history.htm
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| | The Ethiopian Ethnic Manuscript Library Outreach Pages |
| | In the tenth century, about the same time the Afar began to adopt nomadism, they came in contact with the Arabs and were converted to Islam. | | | Since this region has been the site of international trade routes for thousands of years and it is known that the Amhara have been influenced by Semitic cultures of Arabia, many suggest the Amhara have some Arab and Greek origin as well. | | | Ethiopian Cushitic groups include the Amhara, the Oromo, and the Konso. |
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http://www.angelfire.com/bc/snrs/ethnic_profile.html
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| | KAM African Influence on Judaism |
| | Greenberg had identified five different branches of Hamito-Semitic: Cushitic, Egyptian, Berber, Chadic and Semitic. | | | Greenberg realized that the Cushitic branch languages were far more divergent from each other than were those of any other branch. | | | This proto-Cushitic tongue evolved not only into Cushitic, Egyptian, Berber, and Chadic tongues, but into the Semitic branch as well. |
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http://www.geocities.com/CollegePark/Classroom/9912/africajudaism.html
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| | Archaeo Astronomy - Article in ANTHROQUEST |
| | It would appear that the calendar would have had to have been invented (to use the stars correctly) sometime within a few hundred years of 300 BC, a time when the Cushitic peoples were dominant in this part of the world. | | | Concerning the site at Namoratunga, and considering that the use of pillars is apparently necessary to the derivation of the calendar, such horizon markers as are found there may, indeed, have been an ancient observatory. | | | Petroglyphs on the pillars at Namoratunga may also hold the possibility of being ancient and, if Cushitic, may represent the alignment stars or moon. |
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http://www.safaris.cc/6art.anthroquest.htm
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| | Ethiopia: Ethiopia's Peoples ~a HREF="/et_00_00.html#et_02_04" |
| | Other groups are, in part at least, cultivators, and some, who live along the Red Sea coast and on nearby islands, gain some of their livelihood from fishing. | | | A large number of the Beni Amir also speak Beja, a North Cushitic language. | | | With an estimated population of 60,000 in 1970, the Konso are the largest of these groups. |
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http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/etsave/et_02_04.html
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| | Appendix 4: The Somali Ethnic Group and Clan System |
| | A very small number of Arab settlers founded the current Somali ethnic group about 1200 A.D. At that time, it appears that the territory which is now the Republic of Somaliland, the former British Somaliland, was occupied primarily by the Oramo ethnic group. | | | Their military defeat of the Cushites around 330 A.D. appears to have marked the end of the Kingdom of Cush. | | | According to the elders of the Beja ethnic group in Ethiopia, another Cushitic ethnic group, they do explicitly claim to be descendents of Cush, the son of Ham, the son of Noah. |
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http://www.civicwebs.com/cwvlib/africa/somalia/1995/reunification/appendix_4.htm
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| | Profile of the Beja People of Sudan, Eritrea and Egypt |
| | Various Beja groups have intermarried with Arab or southern (dark) Cushites over the centuries. | | | Identity : The Beja people are an ancient Cushitic people closely kin to the ancient Egyptians, who have lived in the desert between the Nile river and the Red Sea since at least 25000 BC. | | | All the Beja peoples, by our more conservative estimates, number 2,540,315. |
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http://endor.hsutx.edu/~obiwan/profiles/beja.html
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| | LANGUAGES-ON-THE-WEB: BEST BEJA LINKS |
| | The Beja people are an ancient Cushitic people closely kin to the ancient Egyptians (Paul, Seligman). | | | The name Beja is applied to a grouping of Muslim peoples speaking dialects of a Cushitic language called Beja, and living in Sudan, Eritrea and Egypt. | | | If you know a really good site for learning this language do email us ! |
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http://www.languages-on-the-web.com/links/link-beja.htm
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| | A Summary of the Cushite Peoples of Eastern Africa |
| | The Cushite peoples are thus those who speak languages of the Cushite cluster in the Afro-Asiatic family. | | | The name Bedawi does not indicate a genetic relationship with the Arabic language, but likely reflects the Arabic origin of some clans/castes, and a recent extensive association with Arabs and growoing use of Sudanese Arabic by various Beja groups. | | | term Cushite derives from the ancient peoples of northeastern Africa, whose heritage can be traced most clearly in the languages descended from those of the ancient peoples. |
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http://endor.hsutx.edu/~obiwan/articles/cushite.html
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| | cushites |
| | The Eastern Cushitic people are today represented by the Yaaku (also known as the Mokugodo or the Mokokodo). | | | Examples of the Eastern cushites are the Boran, the Rendille and the Somali. | | | These are the Mbuguan peoples -who migrated into North-eastern Tanzania, the Rift-Southern Cushites -who migrated into the Rift Valley in Kenya and Northern Tanzania, and the Dahaloan speakers who migrated into the Eastern part of Kenya. |
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http://www.kenyaweb.com/people/cushites.html
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| | HEC refs |
| | Cushitic adpositions and their possible relatives in Semitic. | | | Cushitic lexicostatics: the second attempt, Afroasiatica Neopolitana, Alessandro Bausi and Mauro Tosco, eds., 171-188. | | | Highland East Cushitic (HEC) is a group of Afroasiatic Eastern Cushitic languages spoken by peoples numbering several million in south-central Ethiopia. |
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http://www.msu.edu/user/hudson/HECrefs.htm
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| | Afro-Asiatic languages - Articles and Information |
| | This does not reflect modern understanding of the group: probably the greatest diversity is among the Cushitic and Omotic groups, suggesting that what is now Ethiopia is the original homeland, and the other groups spread out from there many thousands of years ago. | | | The Semitic group was the only one to spread as far as Asia. | | | In historical or near-historical times some Semitic speakers crossed from South Arabia back into Ethiopia, so some modern Ethiopian languages (such as Amharic) are Semitic rather than belonging to the substrate Cushitic or Omotic groups. |
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http://www.breakpt.org/article/Afro-Asiatic_languages
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| | non-Bantu languages of central Tanzania |
| | Later other peoples moved down from the north, several Nilo-Saharan speaking peoples. | | | The Dorobo are another people who we know little about. | | | Southern Cushitic languages are part of the Afro-Asiatic family of languages and have similarities to Asiatic languages especially the Dravidian group. |
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http://www.geocities.com/gdvbqz/ling/groups.html
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| | CHAPTER XI |
| | The peoples of the Horn divide into three major ethnolinguistic groups: Semitic peoples, Cushitic peoples and others. | | | The majority of the peoples of the Horn are part and parcel of the large ‘Ethiopian’ race, (Here, the term ‘Ethiopian’ is used not as a polity, but anthropologically); or to be more neutral, one could say the ‘race of the Horn’. | | | The current territory of the Horn has been, and to a large extent remains, a homeland for Cushitic peoples. |
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http://www.crvp.org/book/Series04/IVA-13/chapter_xi.htm
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| | The Afroasiatic Index Project |
| | The predecessor of the Afroasiatic Index Project was the Cushitic Lexicon Project, or Cushlex. | | | The purpose of the Cushitic Lexicon Project was to provide interested investigators with access to the comparative lexical information contained in cognate sets existing within the 80 odd members of the Cushitic and Omotic language families. | | | The file format and programs were not specific to the language base being investigated here (i.e., Cushitic and Omotic), and could be used as-is to encode etymological information for sets of related words in other language groups. |
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http://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/PROJ/CUS/AAindex.html
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| | SOMALIS |
| | Somali is a member of a group of languages called lowland Eastern Cushitic. | | | Somali has adopted many Arabic words, both modern phrases to deal with modern institutions, such as government and finance, and older Arabic terms to discuss international trade and religion. | | | Somali had no written form until 1972, when a Somali script, based on the Roman alphabet, was adopted. |
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http://www.culturalorientation.net/somali/slang.html
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| | Comparative Ensete Vocabulary of Highland East Cushitic and Gurage |
| | This argument is flawed by the standard but outdated presupposition that Cushitic/Ethiopian Semitic cognates must be loans not Afroasiatic preservations, and by the fact of extreme Gurage cultural differentiation from other Semitic Ethiopians. | | | Because of seeming non-Semitic aspects of Gurage grammar and vocabulary which have been considered to be Cushitic in origin and present in Gurage languages by diffusion, it has been widely supposed that the Gurage peoples are secondary in the area. | | | A greater degree of differentiation and elaboration of ensete vocabulary in one of the two groups would be suggestive of earlier knowledge, but such difference is not clearly apparent, except for apparent less elaborated Eastern Gurage Silt’e and Wolane ensete vocabulary, which also more often is cognate with HEC. |
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http://www.tca.leidenuniv.nl/index.php3?c=76
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| | ETYMOLOGY AND ELECTRONICS: THE AFROASIATIC INDEX |
| | Inevitably cognates were noted between these languages and the other major branches of Afroasiatic, so that the project early on acquired a certain Afroasiatic dimension. | | | A precursor of the Cushitic Index, and something of a pilot for the whole project, has been the Cushlex project, initiated in 1987 with the help of a National Science Foundation Grant. | | | Computational (and Northwest Semitic) expertise for the Afroasiatic Index is being provided by Richard Goerwitz, Research Associate and Lecturer in the Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, and recent Ph.D. in that department. |
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http://www-oi.uchicago.edu/OI/PROJ/CUS/NN_Spr96/NN_Spr96.html
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| | 1992-93 INDIVIDUAL SCHOLARSHIP ANNUAL REPORT |
| | This development thus meets one of the original premises of the project as proposed to the National Science Foundation-namely that it is feasible to develop an etymological dictionary using standard data-file formats and off-the-shelf data-base managing software. | | | A stand-alone module will be ready for distribution by the fall of 1993. | | | An exploratory investigation using data from Cushitic Historical Grammar, "Prefixing Verb Class in Cushitic," resulted in a paper read at North American Conference on Afroasiatic Linguistics (joint meeting with the American Oriental Society), held at the University of North Carolina in April. |
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http://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/AR/92-93/92-93_Ind_Gragg.html
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| | yourDictionary.com • Library |
| | And it is even easier to see how the Cushitic peoples came up with their own quite different meanings for the very same ancient root word. | | | The other major branch of the Afroasiatic languages is Cushitic. | | | The most interesting upshot of this change in meaning was that several Cushitic languages in recent centuries drafted the word into use as a euphemism (an acceptable word that replaces an unacceptable one) for the genitals. |
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http://www.yourdictionary.com/library/cotton.html
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| | Ethnologue report for Ethiopia |
| | Ethnic population: 1,631 of whom 1,519 (93%) speak Amharic as first language, others speak other first languages. | | | Dialects: The former language was possibly Eastern Sudanic or an Awngi variety (Bender 1983), or Cushitic (Bender, Bowen, Cooper, and Ferguson 1976:14). | | | Lexical similarity 30% with Majang, 12% with other West Cushitic (Omotic) languages. |
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http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=Ethiopia
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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Somaliland |
| | Ethnographers connect them with the Ethiopic, Cushitic, or Hamitic group represented by the Ethiopians, or Abbyssinians, Bedjas or Nubians, the Danakil, the Oronomo or Gallae. | | | Taken generally the Somali type is very interesting: slight in figure, with limbs well-proportioned, regular and remarkably delicate features, wiry hair, a fine black skin. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14139a.htm
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| | Some points on Cushitic and Omotic numerals |
| | As a result of language contact, some of the languages that belong to these groups are enriching their numeral system through borrowing. | | | Etymologically, whereas the majority of the Cushitic and Omotic languages have opaque digits and bases, a few of them show the body part model as a conceptual template. |
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http://www.tca.leidenuniv.nl/index.php3?c=79
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| | Staff: Dr David L Appleyard |
| | 'Beja as a Cushitic language', in ed(s) ed G Takács Egyptian and Semito-Hamitic (Adro-Asiatic) Studies in memoriam W. Vycichl, pp.175-194. | | | E-mail address and telephone number can be found on the SOAS Directory | | | Cushitic and semitic languages of Ethiopia, Eritrea and the Horn |
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http://www.soas.ac.uk/staff/staffinfo.cfm?contactid=154
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| | SOMALIS |
| | The origin of Somali names is often Cushitic or Arabic, with the latter more common. | | | The next ten names are for boys (Awaale to Geeddi) and are also Cushitic. | | | Two exceptions to this tendency are first children, commonly named Faduma or Mohammed, and male twins, commonly named Hassan and Hussein. |
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http://www.culturalorientation.net/somali/sname.html
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| | African Languages: Cushitic Languages |
| | Roland Kießling / Maarten Mous: The Lexical Reconstruction of West-Rift Southern Cushitic | | | The dominant languages, both in terms of number of speakers and geographical extension, are | | | The Cushitic languages are one of the main braches of the Afro-Asiatic (formerly Hamito-Semitic) language family. |
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http://www.koeppe.de/html/e_kusch.htm
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| | Ethiopia - Ethiopian History - Aksum |
| | At its peak, Aksum controlled territories as far as southern Egypt, east to the Gulf of Aden, south to the Omo River, and west to the Cushite Kingdom of Meroe. | | | Their architectural art was inherited from their South Arabian counters. | | | Aksum inherited a culture highly influenced by South Arabia. |
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http://www.ethiopianhistory.com/aksum
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| | Welcome to Cadayga.com |
| | Grammar of Alagwa, grammar of Konso, language manipulation, relexification, urban youth languages, typology of Cushitic languages, early East-African history. | | | ___ "Selectors in Cushitic" In Proceedings Typology Symposium, ed. | | | 1996 "Was there ever a Southern Cushitic Language (Pre-)Ma’a?" In Cushitic and Omotic Languages: Proceedings of the Third International Symposium, Berlin, March 17-19, 1994, ed. |
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http://www.cadayga.com/nov/profilemaarten.html
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| | Gene B. Gragg |
| | "Cushitic Languages", chapter in survey of Afroasiatic Historical Grammar, ed. | | | "'Also in Cushitic': How to Account for the Complexity of Geez-Cushitic Lexical Interactions?" in Alan Kaye (ed.) Semitic Studies in Honor of Wolf Leslau Vol. | | | Cushitic and Afroasiatic Comparative Linguistics, Historical and Computational Linguistics, Unaffiliated Languages of ANE (Sumerian, Hurrian, Urartian). |
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http://humanities.uchicago.edu/depts/nelc/facultypages/gragg
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| | Merriam-Webster Online |
| | For More Information on "Cushitic" go to Britannica.com | | | Get the Top 10 Search Results for "Cushitic" |
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http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=Cushitic
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