Constantius I - Pasthound

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Constantius II

These murders are believed to have been masterminded by Constantius II.
For before the year was over, Vetranio had already relinquished his position and declared for Constantius II, formally handing over command of his troops to his emperor at Naissus.
But this accession by the three brothers was tainted by the murder of their cousins Dalmatius and Hannibalianus, whom Constantine had also intended as joint heirs.

http://www.roman-empire.net/collapse/constantius-II.html (1206 words)



THE EMPEROR MAGNENTIUS: HIS LIFE AND COINAGE

Constans had been reared as a Christian, as had his brother Constantius, but he supported the Orthodox faction whereas Constantius was an Arian.
However, Zosimus placed the blame firmly on Constantius as the organizer of the murders (2.40).
When he learned of father's death, Constantius II, who was campaigning in the East, traveled quickly to Constantinople to take charge of the funeral.

http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Parthenon/7094/magn1.html (3093 words)



Ammianus Marcellinus about Constantius II -- The Ammianus Marcellinus Online Project

Then there is Constantius’ hunt for political opponents, and their trials.
Ammianus puts this in the following perspective: “And as he [Constantius] deliberated with his closest friends, in secret conferences and by night, by what force or by what devicesit seemed best that Gallus should be summoned [so that] he might be put to death without hindrance” (14.11.1).
He speed-marched his troops to the West to meet Julian.

http://odur.let.rug.nl/~drijvers/ammianus/contributions/constantius2.htm (563 words)



Apostate

Constantius, being a practical sort, decided to nip any plans of treason in the bud by murdering all his relatives.
The winner was Constantius, who decided to cement his right to the throne by killing off any relatives with any sort of competing claim.
Except, when they charged him, they also decided I was involved and Constantius ordered my execution (this wasn’t the first time, either).

http://members.cox.net/majkia/Apostate.htm (863 words)



DIR-Constantius II

Indeed, Constantius II (like his brothers Constantine II and Constans) was raised a Christian.
Barnes, T.D, Athanasius and Constantius: Theology and Politics in the Constantinian Empire.
[[7]]For a listing of sources on Eusebia and her influence on Constantius, see A.H.M. Jones, J.R. Martindale, and J. Morris, PLRE, s.v.

http://www.roman-emperors.org/constaii.htm (1791 words)



Salve

And, worse, Constantius had bragged to Julian about how Helena was to be his most trusted spy and who would report even words said in their bed if they even remotely resembled a treasonous thought.
She’d been poisoned, and then, for the first time, he told me of his suspicions regarding the death of his two sons – Helena had admitted on her death bed that she herself believed Constantius had ordered them killed so that they would be no threat to his own hold on the throne.
Also, Julian's future had already been planned for him by Constantius.

http://members.cox.net/majkia/salve.htm (1791 words)



Constantius II

Constantius II Constantius II Constantius joins the lenghty list of emperors whose career was marked by a seemingly endless series of wars both domestic and foreign.
RIC 174 (VII, Antioch) AE3 Obv: FLIVLCONSTANTIVSNOBC - Laureate bust left, draped and cuirassed.
RIC 97 (VII, Heraclea) AE3 Obv: FLIVLCONSTANTIVSNOBC - Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust left.

http://www.dirtyoldcoins.com/natto/id/const2.htm (6869 words)



[No title]

To put it simply Marcus, Constantius II is the king of stupid and I don’t really know what Constantius I and the washwoman were thinking when they got together but it was a big mistake because now the entire country is down the lavatory.
By creating this diplomatic coin, he hoped to gain some support from the people.
The man has no idea what he’s doing when it comes to military tactics either, Marcus.

http://www.bitsofhistory.com/ace/LFF/School044.doc (1104 words)



Constantius 2

Constantius II (337-361 A.D.) - AE3/4 - 17.94mm, 2.24gr

http://www.chijanofuji.com/Constantius2b.html (109 words)



Constantius III - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Constantius reportedly intended to launch a campaign against the Eastern Empire to force recognition of his rights, but before anything could come of these plans, he died suddenly on September 2 after less than seven months as emperor.
Notably, Constantius reportedly complained about the loss of personal freedom and privacy that came with the imperial office.
Constantius' success in rising from head of the dwindling Roman army to Imperial rank obviously influenced the actions of later holders of the patrician office, a list that includes Aetius and Ricimer; however, only Petronius Maximus would ultimately make the same leap, and his reign would prove to be even shorter than Constantius'.

http://www.bucyrus.us/project/wikipedia/index.php/Constantius_III (362 words)



Amazon.ca: Books: Athanasius and Constantius: Theology and Politics in the Constantinian Empire

You begin to root for Athanasius to survive (which he did as the Bishop of Alexandria for 45 years) as conspiracy after conspiracy strives to destroy his reputation and anathemize him and his teachings.
Athanasius and Constantius: Theology and Politics in the Constantinian Empire
Amazon.ca: Books: Athanasius and Constantius: Theology and Politics in the Constantinian Empire

http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/067400549X (591 words)



APOLOGIA AD CONSTANTIUM (DEFENCE BEFORE CONSTANTIUS)

Letter of Constantius to the Ethiopians against Frumentius.
Challenge to the accusers as to the alleged letter.
This I say beforehand, lest the slanderers should again make this a pretence for accusing me.

http://aroundomaha.com/ecf/volume27/ECF00013.htm (8468 words)



eBay.co.uk - constantius, Coins, Antiquities, Postcards items at low prices

Constantius II AE Centenionalis 337 - 361 AD (AA)
VF Constantius II AE4 Two Victories 337 - 361 AD (AA)
Quality VF Constantius II Vows AE4 337 - 361 AD (AA)

http://search.ebay.co.uk/constantius_W0QQfsooZ1QQfsopZ3QQfsprZ0 (255 words)



Bloodbath in the Palace: The Purge of August 337 C.E.

At any rate, he seems to have been held a prisoner on one of his estates in Bithynia for several months, and was only put to death sometime the following winter.
Philostorgius's account suggests a plausible interpretation of how the purges came about.
Moreover, Eusebius may have had a religious motive.

http://www.ancientworlds.net/aw/Post/181866&alert=0 (2866 words)



T.D. Barnes on Diocletian

The Jewish and Christian overtones of the name point unmistakably to the religious sympathies of Constantius.
After the conference, Maximian returned to Gaul and perhaps made a last feeble attempt to expel Carausius from Gaul.
Like the regime which it supplanted, the regime of Diocletian arose from usurpation.

http://www.richmond.edu/~wstevens/history331texts/barnes.html (5094 words)



Ancient Roman Imperial Coins - page 4

Pretty large AE3 (20mm) of Constantius Gallus (351-354 AD).
Excellent AE3 (20mm) of Constantius Gallus (351-354 AD).
Pretty AE3 (20mm) of Constantius Gallus (351-354 AD).

http://www.ancientcoins.ca/roman18.html (1443 words)



Constantius II - Columbia Encyclopedia® article about Constantius II

When in 350 the murder of Constans I threw the West into disorder, Constantius II defeated the usurping Magnentius, a German who had been a commander under Constans I, and became sole emperor.
He was given an education that combined Christian and Neoplatonic ideas.
Constantius died in the Persian campaign in Cilicia, naming Julian as his successor.

http://columbia.thefreedictionary.com/Constantius%20II (270 words)



Constantius I

When he approached London he found that Carausius had been murdered by his own Praetorian Prefect, Allectus, who was defeated in short order.
Because Carausius enjoyed a far superior naval fleet, Constantius chose stealth in order to avoid a battle at sea.
However, the links to Claudius may have been made up by Constantius sympathizers who noted that Claudius's niece (Claudia) had the same name as his great-aunt.

http://www.dirtyoldcoins.com/natto/id/const.htm (2379 words)



LIBERIUS

Constantius realized that his pet project of uniting the Christians by a semi-Arian formula would not succeed as long as the Pope defended orthodoxy.
Constantius angrily asked the Pope who he was to stand out for Athanasius against the world.
Constantius, under the influence of Arians, had long vexed the Eastern Church.

http://www.cfpeople.org/Books/Pope/POPEp36.htm (474 words)



Rome A.D. 313-364: The Constantinian Era

A.D. Constantius II Constantius II Constantius II defeats and kills Magnentius at Lyons.
A.D. Constans / Constantius II Constans / Constantius II Constans / Constantius II Constans / Constantius II Constans / Constantius II Constans / Constantius II Constans / Constantius II Constans / Constantius II Constans / Constantius II Constans / Constantius II Constans assassinated at his palace; Magnentius (his army chief) declares himself Augustus.
A.D. Constantine II / Constans / Constantius II Constantine II / Constans / Constantius II Constantine II / Constans / Constantius II Constantine II invades Italy; is defeated and killed by Constans at Aquileia.

http://www.ancientcoinhistory.com/roma_era_19.htm (615 words)



ACM Presents DOUG SMITH: FEATURED COIN: "The Milvan Bridge"

Chi-Rho type of Magnentius which could be interpreted as a 'raise' on the bid for Western Christian (Catholic) support against Constantine's Arian heretic son Constantius.
Whether all the issues of Constantius were produced after the abdication or whether the two were issued together is not clear.
The conflict between Constantius II and the usurper Magnentius resulted in one more type of Christian interest.

http://www.ancientcoinmarket.com/ds/featured/feature31/1.html (495 words)



Class Notes: 20 October 2003

Constantine II was killed in 340 during an attempt to invade his brother Constans' territory in the West; Constans was killed in 350 during a palace coup, leaving Constantius II as the sole ruler of the empire, but without an heir.
Julian and his brother Gallus were sent to Bithynia to live with their grandmother, raised as Christians.
Julian tells Constantius about this and pretends it was against his will.

http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~otherw/WOLA1020.html (596 words)



Coins of Constantius I

As part of this arrangement, Constantius put aside Helena to marry Theodora, and they ended up having 6 children.
Constantius crossed back to Britain to campaign against the Picts, and died from an illness at York on 25 July 306.
Flavius Valerius Constantius "Chlorus" ("the Pale") was born ca.250 of an Illyrian family.

http://www.ruark.org/coins/Roman/5Tetrarchy/Constantius.html (242 words)



Constantius II Chi-Rho Centenionalis

Constantius II, 337-361 AD, 22 mm AE2 Centenionalis; VM 87, struck after 348 AD; One of the earliest Christian coins!
D.N. AVG., his diademed and cuirassed bust facing left, holding a globe in his hand.
FEL TEMP REPARATIO (Restoration of happy times); Constantius standing left, holding a military standard bearing the Christian Chi-Rho monogram, two captives at his feet; SMNA in exergue.

http://www3.sympatico.ca/northshore3/html/constchirhohz.html (197 words)



Ancient Coins - Roman Emperor Constantius II

After campaigning against the Germans and Sarmatians on the Danube River in 357, he returned to the East, where he continued the war against the Sassanids.
Constantius II followed in the footsteps of his father, Constantine the Great by becoming a Christian and propagating the faith throughout the Empire.
On his fathers' death in AD 337, Constantius II was given the Eastern Provinces of the Roman Empire and became involved in a war with Shapur II, Sassanid King of Persia.

http://www.jakesmp.com/CD_Ancients/Ancient_Coins_010_C.html (402 words)



Constantius I, Roman Imperial Coins of, at WildWinds.com

FL VAL CONSTANTIVS NOB CAES, radiate cuirassed bust right / CONCORDIA MILITVM, Constantius standing right receiving globe from Jupiter standing opposite and holding a scepte, KB between.
Constantius I as Caesar, AD 293-305, AE fraction.
Radiate bust right / CONCORIDA MILITVM, Constantius receiving Victory on globe from Jupiter.

http://www.wildwinds.com/coins/ric/constantius_I/i.html (1463 words)



DANIEL DERONDA

Theodora has read it, I know, because she admires Turgenieff, and Constantius has read it, I suppose, because he had read everything.
If I had no reason but that for my reading, it would be small.
Sit still, Fido', she continued, addressing the little dog, ‘and keep your nose out of my face.' But it's a nice little nose, all the same', she pursued, ‘a nice little short snub nose and not a horrid big Jewish nose.

http://library.marist.edu/faculty-web-pages/morreale/James_deronda.htm (5764 words)



CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Flavius Julius Constantius

From this time Constantius deposed bishops according to his whims, and appointed in their stead others who were his tools.
Constantius died of an illness while engaged in a campaign against his nephew Julian; shortly before his death he had been baptized by the Arian Bishop Euzoios.
Pope Liberius, however, had not confirmed these decrees, and as he resolutely refused to give his approval he was banished to Ber a in Thrace; several Italian bishops, as well as Hosius of Córdova and Hilary of Poitiers, were also exiled.

http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16027c.htm (592 words)



Coins of Constantine II, Constantius II & Constans

While battling Magnentius Constantius had raised his cousin Constantius Gallus to rule from Antioch in his absense.
Constantius refused to accept this and died in November of 361 while on his way to suppress the uprising.
Constantine had sent Constantius east to take charge of the war against Sasanid Persia in 336.

http://www.ruark.org/coins/Roman/6Constantinian/Consxx.html (1008 words)



Constantius II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Constantius took an active part in the affairs of the Christian church, frequently taking the side of the Arians, and he called the Council of Rimini in 359.
Magnentius committed suicide in 353, and Constantius soon after put his cousin Gallus to death.
Constantius eventually met and crushed Magnentius in battle at Mursa Major, one of the bloodiest battles in Roman history, in 351.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantius_II (342 words)



Solidus of Constantius II (Sole Emperor, 350-361) Object Page Timeline of Art History The Metropolitan Museum of Art

He is remembered for his support of Arianism (a Christian sect that had been declared heretical at the Council of Nicaea in 325), and for his construction of the original Church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople, which Justinian would rebuild on a grander scale two hundred years later.
Constantius II ruled the eastern half of the empire from 337 to 353, when he became ruler of the entire empire upon the death of his brother Constans (350) and the defeat of the usurper Magnentius (353).
This coin was probably struck in the year 350 by Constantius II, one of the four sons of Constantine the Great.

http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ho/05/waa/ho_1979.268.1.htm (197 words)



AllRefer.com - Constantius I (Ancient History, Rome, Biography) - Encyclopedia

On his death the imperial throne was claimed by his son Constantine (Constantine I), but the office was long contested.
His vigor and his moderation made him popular with the people of the colonies as well as with his soldiers.
The next year, however, Constantius died at York.

http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/C/Constntiu1.html (245 words)



Chapter Constantius Sole Emperor. of History of The Decline And Fall of The Roman Empire by Gibbon

But the eunuchs were skilled in the arts of flattery and intrigue; and they alternately governed the mind of Constantius by his fears, his indolence, and his vanity.
Their progress was rapid; and the eunuchs, who, in the time of Augustus, had been abhorred, as the monstrous retinue of an Egyptian queen, were gradually admitted into the families of matrons, of senators, and of the emperors themselves.
Constantius continued his march towards the West, and Gallus fixed his residence at Antioch; from whence, with a delegated authority, he administered the five great dioceses of the eastern præfecture.

http://www.bibliomania.com/2/1/62/109/25661/1.html (544 words)



Encyclopedia: Constantius Chlorus

Having distinguished himself by his military ability and his able and gentle rule of Dalmatia, Constantius was, on March 1, 293, adopted and appointed Caesar by Maximian, whose step-daughter, Flavia Maximiana Theodora, he had married in 289 after renouncing his wife, Helena.
This account comes at odds with the story of King Cole, who was said to have stopped the rebellions before submitting to Rome.
Nevertheless, Constantius made peace with the Britons and ruled them throughout the remainder of his life.

http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Constantius-Chlorus (1446 words)



Helen-Helena

The first thing Constantine did after his abrupt field-promotion was to repeat his father's pattern: he put aside his long-term concubine, Minervina, (who had also born him a son, named Crispus) and married Fausta, a younger daughter of Maximian.
Whatever their relationship, it's clear that she had enough legal status and he had enough clout to allow Helen to follow Constantius when his unit was rotated to other military theaters.
Constantius, of course, got custody of the 20-year old Constantine -- as "Pater Familias" a Roman father had real legal custody of all his children until they established their own families (sons) or were transferred to the custody of a husband (daughters).

http://www.mmdtkw.org/VHelen.html (2084 words)



Julian's Jabberings - Bio

Constantius, viewing Julian as a rival, ordered him to transfer half of his army assist the campaign in Persia.
As Emperor, Julian is best known for his support of paganism and opposition to Christianity.
The co-emperors arranged for the murder of Julius Constantius and other family members as potential rivals.

http://www.mindspring.com/~teleri/julian/bio.html (401 words)



Articles - Julian the Apostate

Civil war was avoided only by the death of Constantius II, who in his will recognized Julian as his rightful successor.
As a child, Julian witnessed the murder of his family by his uncle Constantius II, the later emperor (337).
He was the son of Julius Constantius by his second wife, Basilina.

http://www.gaple.com/articles/Julian_the_Apostate (1280 words)



The heirs of Constantine

Although Julian was a fairly enlighten ruler, he received a bad press due to his suppression of Christianity in favour of the traditional religion of Rome.
The sons were soon at each other's throats and in the spring of 340 Constantine II attempted to exert his authority over Constans and invaded Italy.
Constantius soon decided to chose a colleague to share his power.

http://www.aoti76.dsl.pipex.com/roman_6a.htm (338 words)



Bibliography on Constantius I and Julian

Juneau, J. Pietas and politics: Eusebia and Constantius at court.
Savage humour: Christian anti-panegyric in Hilary of Poitier's 'Against Constantius', in The propaganda of power: the role of panegyric in late antiquity, ed.
Drinkwater, J.F. The pagan underground, Constantius II's secret service and the survival and the usurpation of Julian the Apostate, Studies in Latin Literature and Roman History 3 348-387.

http://www.uvm.edu/~bsaylor/rome/julian.html (698 words)



NPNF (V2-02) (iii.x.i)

Pagans assert that diviners and demons had predicted the death of Constantius, and the change in affairs, before his departure for Galatia, and had advised him to undertake the expedition.
Far from making an excuse to Constantius for this act, he exchanged the officers who had been elected by Constantius, and industriously circulated letters wherein Constantius had solicited the barbarians to enter the Roman territories, and aid him against Magnentius.
When Constantius heard that Julian was marching against him at the head of an army, he abandoned his intended expedition against the Persians, and departed for Constantinople; but he died on the journey, when he had arrived as far as Mopsucrenæ, which lies near the Taurus, between Cilicia and Cappadocia.

http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf202.iii.x.i.html (411 words)



1.2.2.6.1.4 Constantius

He is said to have named his eldest son Constantine as his successor.
o/c, otherwise EF Constantius I Caesar: AE Follis

http://www.classicalcoins.com/page152.html (106 words)



Catholic Online - Saints & Angels - Bl. Constantius

Upon the news of his death, the senate and council assembled, "considering his death a public calamity", and resolved to defray the cost of a public funeral.
Constantius was one of those concerned with the reform of San Marco in Florence, and it was while he was teaching in that city that it was discovered that he had the gift of prophecy or second sight.
Once, when his little sister was suffering from a disease which the doctors pronounced incurable, Constantius Bernocchi asked his father and mother to join him in prayer by her bedside that she might recover.

http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=420 (319 words)



Constantius III -- Encyclopædia Britannica

At no time in his long reign were the affairs of state personally managed by Valentinian.
He was the son of the patrician Flavius Constantius (who ruled as Constantius III in 421) and Galla Placidia.
When his uncle, the emperor Honorius, died in 423, the usurper John ruled for two years before he was deposed.

http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9026005?tocId=9026005 (818 words)



Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series II, Vol. IV

Deacons also were beaten with stripes even in the Lord's house, and were shut up there.
of Maximian, the grandfather of Constantius, the Gentiles concealed our brethren the Christians, who were sought after, and frequently suffered the loss of their own substance, and had trial of imprisonment, solely that they might not betray the fugitives.
I have heard from our fathers, and I believe their report to be a faithful one, that long ago, when a persecution arose in the time

http://www.ccel.org/fathers2/NPNF2-04/Npnf2-04-54.htm (5422 words)



Constantius II

Constantius continued most of his father's policies, further strengthening the role of Christianity in state affairs.
He also briefly reunited the Empire that had been again split after his father's death, but difficulties in governing it led him to split it once more, concentrating his efforts in the East.
Bust of Constantius, legend: DN CONSTANTIVS PF AVG ("Our lord Constantius, dutiful and wise Emperor")

http://www.suc.org/culture/history/Byzantine_Coinage/present/Constantius_II.html (168 words)



Constantius I Chlorus -- Encyclopædia Britannica

He not only initiated the evolution of the empire into a Christian state but also provided the impulse for a distinctively Christian culture that prepared the way for the growth of Byzantine and Western medieval culture.
Constantius I Chlorus (305-306 A.D. Brief biography of this Roman emperor who ruled between 305-306 A.D. Features bibliography and map.
More results on "Constantius I Chlorus" when you join.

http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9026003 (705 words)



Roman Coins of Constantius II

Shortly after, he received news that Julian II had been proclaimed Augustus against him.
Constantius died on his way to fight this new usurper and Julian II became ruler of the Roman Empire.
Constantius II, 22 May 337 - 3 November 361 A.D. The longest lived of Constantine the Great's sons and successors, he ruled until 361 A.D. Upon Constantine's death, Constantius received the entire eastern empire as his inheritance.

http://www.forumancientcoins.com/roman-coins.asp?vpar=468&pos=0 (665 words)



Constantius III - FreeEncyclopedia

Constantius III, gained note by his successful campaigns to save the Western Roman Empire, which had been seriously weakened by both barbarian invasions, and the revolt of Constantine III.
Constantius's success in rising from head of the dwindling Roman army to Imperial rank obviously influenced the actions of later holders of the patrician office, a list that includes Aetius and Ricimer.
As a result, first he was made Patrician, then in 417 he was married to the Emperor Honorius's sister, Placidia, and finally was elevated to co-Emperor with Honorius on February 8, 421.

http://openproxy.ath.cx/co/Constantius_III.html (93 words)



Saints of June 12

When Abbot Saint Paphnutius was trying to discern whether the eremitical life was for him, he met Onuphrius, who had been a hermit for 70 years in the Thebaid of Egypt.
For his opposition to Arianism he was deposed by the Emperor Constantius (Benedictines, Encyclopedia).

http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0612.htm (2653 words)



Touring the British Museum on Britannia: Constantius' Medal

This gold medallion was struck in Trier in AD 296 to commemorate the overthrow of the self-proclaimed Emperor of Britain, Allectus, by the Roman general, Constantius I Chlorus.
It was while in Britain that legend has Constantius meeting the Empress Helen and together they became the parents of Constantine the Great.
He is hailed as 'Restorer of Eternal Light' while his soldiers move up the Thames in a military troop-ship.

http://www.britannia.com/tours/bmrbgal/constantius.html (112 words)