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| | Soviet Union |
 | | Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, general secretary of the ruling Communist Party from 1922 to his death in 1953 molded the features that characterized the new Soviet regime. | | | It was the world's first Communist state, with the political organization of the country defined by the only permitted political party, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. | | | Germans and Jews from the former Soviet Union to Germany. |
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http://hallencyclopedia.com/Soviet_Union
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| | BIGpedia - Post-Soviet states - Encyclopedia and Dictionary Online |
| | While the peoples of the former Soviet Republics were anxious to accept the freedoms of capitalism, it quickly became apparent that weening from five year plans was easier said than done. | | | Post-Soviet states are subject to various developments in geography, history, politics, economy, and culture in the post-Soviet era, the time after the collapse of the Soviet Union, in the period following Communist Party rule. | | | The Baltic states were historically independent (or ruled by Germany, Sweden or Poland) for significant periods in their history. |
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http://www.bigpedia.com/encyclopedia/Post-Soviet_states
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| | The Fall Of The Soviet Union: Whys And Wherefores |
| | To Laqueur, the nature of the totalitarian state, not the flawed ideology, was to blame for the persistence of the Soviet hammerlock on power. | | | All of this reflects Mali's deeply held conviction that the fall of the Soviet system was predetermined by the very fact that its founding socialist premise was a chimera. | | | This, by the way, pretty much sums up the conclusion reached by Remnick and Satter, which if not boldly stated, certainly is implied by virtue of the weight of the evidence gleaned from their mountain of interviews. |
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http://www.raleightavern.org/lovell.htm
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| | The Collapse of the Soviet Union and Ronald Reagan |
| | Several WAISers disagreed with Christopher Jones, who denied Reagan's role in the collapse of the Soviet Union. | | | Here are two more rebuttals of Christopher Jones' assertion that Reagan had nothing to do with the collapse of the Soviet Union. | | | Jones and many others overlook is the thought that the USSR truly began to collapse with Nikita K’s famous “secret speech” which denounced Stalin back in the 50s". |
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http://www.stanford.edu/group/wais/History/history_ussrandreagan.htm
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| | Soviet Union - Factbites |
| | First, in a Bolshevik manner to condemn and to eradicate the cult of the individual as alien to Marxism-Leninism and not consonant with the principles of party leadership and the norms of party life, and to fight inexorably all attempts at bringing back this practice in one form or another. | | | On the occasion of the signature of the Non-Aggression Pact between the German Reich and the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics the undersigned plenipotentiaries of each of the two parties discussed in strictly confidential conversations the question of the boundary of their respective spheres of influence in Eastern Europe. | | | These include the unannounced decisions and votes of the higher organs of the Communist Party, as well as the repressive activities of the Soviet security organs and various organs charged with controlling literary freedom and organized religion. |
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http://www.factbites.com/topics/Soviet-Union
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| | WHY DID THE SOVIET UNION COLLAPSE |
| | This ideology became explicit during the Khruschev period in the Soviet Union but it was always an underlying trend. | | | As the document says, "such a policy was an outright sell-out of the independent role of the Communist Party." (p.6) In the sense of non-reliance on the masses, then, there was a similarity between Soviet internal and external policies. | | | As Hoffman mentions, "even anti- Stalinist liberals were to describe the Stalinist system as one of totalitarian democracy in order to acknowledge the popular enthusiasm it had aroused." (Hoffman, 1990, p.16) This reliance, actually partial reliance, on the masses was time limited. |
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http://reality.gn.apc.org/polemic/whydid.htm
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| | Wikinfo Collapse of the Soviet Union |
| | Gorbachev made desparate and ill-fated attempts to assert control, notably in the Baltic states, but the power and authority of the central government had been dramatically and irreversably undermined. | | | However, a large part of the population of the Lithuanian SSR comprised ethnic Russians, and the Red Army had a strong presence there. | | | Mikhail Gorbachev instituted a number of political reforms under the name of Glasnost, these included relaxing censorship and political repression, reducing the powers of the KGB and democratisation. |
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http://www.wikinfo.org/wiki.php?title=Collapse_of_the_Soviet_Union
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| | Ballance of the collapse of the Soviet Union |
| | It will focus on occupying the ideological and political field first, by supporting sinister forces hostile to the Communist Party, by demanding freedom for a bourgeois press, encouraging labour unions to act independently from the Communist Party and by creating legal and illegal political parties hostile to the communists. | | | The leadership of the Communist Party is the decisive question in the construction of socialism | | | Imperialism has nothing more to offer the masses of the Third World and is the object of the increasing hate of the people there. |
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http://www.wpb.be/doc/doc/collaps2.htm
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| | The Collapse of the Soviet Union |
| | Archive of the August 1991 Soviet Coup (FUNET) | | | Soviet Union -- Politics and Government -- 1985-1991 | | | Russia and the Former Soviet Republics Maps (University of Texas at Austin) |
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http://newarkwww.rutgers.edu/guides/glo-sov.html
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| | 10/29/02 - My Time with Soviet Economics |
| | Western scholars (and intelligence agencies) consequently were unprepared for the sudden collapse of the Soviet Union. | | | My conclusion was buttressed by the absence of a theory of central planning. | | | Communiqué on the Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. |
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http://www.vdare.com/roberts/soviet_economy.htm
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| | Pravda.RU:Kravchuk: Soviet Union's Collapse Was Pre-determined By History |
| | In an exclusive RIA Novosti interview, Leonid Kravchuk, a former president of the independent Ukraine, insisted on the Soviet Union's collapse having been pre-determined by history. | | | Ukraine's ex-president believes that the documents signed at Belovezha changed the course of history, influencing the developments and the alignment of forces in the international arena. | | | Ukraine's ex-president believes that the withdrawal from the Soviet Union had a positive effect on the development of his republic and of other former Soviet republics. |
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http://english.pravda.ru/society/2001/12/07/23199_.html
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| | Socialism Betrayed: Behind the Collapse of the Soviet Union |
| | Instead it was triggered by the specific reform policies of Gorbachev and his allies." In any event, the discussion of why the SU collapsed has not been put to rest by this book. | | | However, an illicit "second economy" alone cannot explain the downfall of the USSR nor why this parallel capitalist economy not only remained for so long but even metastasized inside a socialist state. | | | The interesting aspect of this review is that it provides up-to-date amunition for activists struggling to establish a more humane society in every country of the world. |
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http://thegreatlands.com/store/071780738X.php
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| | The Collapse of the Soviet Military |
| | Yet, his integrated approach and new evidence, based on archival findings and interviews with former senior officers in the Soviet military, lead him to these plausible conclusions. | | | The conclusions and opinions expressed in this document are those of the author cultivated in the freedom of expression, academic environment of Air University. | | | The author sets the stage for his explanation by providing the reader an understanding of the complicated organizational arrangements of the Soviet military, Communist Party, economy, and state. |
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http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj00/win00/odom.htm
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| | 10.4. Collapse of the Soviet Union Irreversible Losses Since Independence by Svetlana Krasnova |
| | Azerbaijan's independence seems to be merely a formality brought about by the collapse of the USSR. | | | But if we had only been able to see the future, we probably would have been aghast. | | | To be honest, I'm beginning to appreciate the well-being we had during the Soviet era living in that united, powerful, great state that we all used to curse. |
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http://www.azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/ai104_folder/104_articles/104_losses.html
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| | CAP - Publikationen - Regional Security in the Wake of the Collapse of the Soviet Union |
| | Both conferences formed part of the project European Policy Network at Israeli Universities, initiated by the Bertelsmann Foundation and the Center for Applied Policy Research. | | | The collapse of the Soviet Union, the dissolution of the Warsaw Pact, German unification and the tragic events of "11 September" are a watershed in European history. | | | The main thrust of the papers dealing with the Middle East is the dramatic impact of the end of the cold war on the perspectives of a peaceful settlement of the conflict between Israel and the Arab countries. |
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http://www.cap.uni-muenchen.de/publikationen/mb/mb08.htm
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| | 9.4 Editorial - Evolution of Consciousness - Ten Years After the Collapse of the Soviet Union, by Betty Blair |
| | Many Communist Party members in Azerbaijan burned their ID cards in protest, giving up many privileges that they had worked hard to achieve. | | | Azerbaijanis simply lost faith in the system, concluding that the "Brotherhood of Nations" the USSR had claimed for the 15 Soviet republics had grossly abused their rights as citizens. | | | Officially 132 people died that night, but no one doubts that the casualties were grossly underreported and that many bodies were dumped into the sea to conceal the terrible massacre. |
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http://www.azeri.org/Azeri/az_latin/latin_articles/latin_text/latin_94/eng_94/94_editorial.html
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| | Soviet Union Collapse Free Essay |
| | He transferred power from the Communist party to the popular elected legislature, but the one of the main reasons it collapsed came from internal pressure. | | | The collapse of the Soviet Union was due in part from many things. | | | First Mikali Gorbachev intiated many changes in his attempts to establish reforms in the Soviet Union. |
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http://www.findfreepapers.com/viewpaper.php?request=5776
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| | Final Days: The Inside Story of the Collapse of the Soviet Union |
| | Special Recommendation: Fiat Money Inflation in France: How It Came, What It Brought, and How It Ended | | | Final Days: The Inside Story of the Collapse of the Soviet Union | | | Order Final Days: The Inside Story of the Collapse of the Soviet Union online from |
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http://www.libertyhaven.com/politicalbooks/politicalbooks26/0813322065AMUS463352.shtml
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| | Great Soviet Encyclopedia |
| | himself persecuted for his rejection of Soviet dogmatism. | | | days, it's the breakaway states of the former Soviet Union that... | | | Solzhenitsyn was a courageous Soviet dissident and that's why... |
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http://www.wikiverse.org/great-soviet-encyclopedia
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| | Collapse of USSR: 10 years on |
| | The collapse of the Soviet Union has not only led to the creation of a new world order, but transformed the lives of all those who once lived there. | | | The collapse of the USSR opened up the world for me, and every minute I remember and am aware that the world is open. | | | It’s been years since we’ve been able to see our own daughter, who lives in a neighbouring former republic. |
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/europe/2001/collapse_of_ussr/maps/default.stm
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| | Economic Collapse of Soviet Union |
| | As contradictions mounted, the Soviet people became more and more cynical about the propaganda of government-controlled media. | | | The article excerpted in the following pages was written in 1991 before the final collapse of the Soviet Union, but it describes some of the economic processes that were most responsible for it. | | | In the end, however, the Soviet Union had devoted its economy to the arms race with the West, and it was a losing cause. |
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http://www.culture-of-peace.info/soviet-collapse/introduction.html
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| | New Book Challenges Conventional Wisdom About the Collapse of the Soviet Union |
| | The collapse of the Soviet Union was an unintentional consequence of the reform process. | | | They assess his responsibility for the Soviet collapse and the leadership role he continues to play in the independent state of Georgia. | | | The fact that the collapse of the Soviet empire, one of the most dramatic events in modern history, was accomplished virtually without bloodshed can be attributed in large part to the policies of Shevardnadze. |
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http://www.psu.edu/ur/NEWS/news/Shevardnadze.html
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| | Countrybookshop.co.uk - Collapse of the Soviet Union, 1985-1991, The |
| | Why did the Soviet Union collapse in 1991?The collapse of the Soviet Union has widely been seen as the result of the arms race and Cold War, and the failure of the Soviet side to keep pace with new technology. | | | The collapse of the Soviet Union has widely been seen as the reult of the arms race and Cold War, and the failure of the Soviet side to keep pace with new technology. | | | THE NATIONAL QUESTION The Submerged Dilemma Nagorno-Katabakh The Baltic States Georgia, Ukraine, and Belarus The Plenum on National Policy, September 1989 4. |
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http://www.countrybookshop.co.uk/books?whatfor=0582505992
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| | Collapse of the Soviet Union |
| | Upon the collapse of the Soviet Union, the world was left with a single menace which extended its military might and political influence in support of those who would bend down to its will, while undermining anyone who did not see eye to eye with its global ambitions. | | | During the Cold War the world had two menaces; United States and the Soviet Union. | | | Fearing retaliation from one another and in an attempt to assimilate new countries into their imperial army, they kept the peace and prevented any massive civil disorder from the countries that they backed, thus creating a stable world. |
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http://www.guerrillanews.com/blogs/1419/Collapse_of_the_Soviet_Union
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| | Frank review |
| | Stalin& projected “large sea and oceanic navy,” to use the Soviet term, was likely created for a hoped-for more robust traditional strategic defensive in contiguous seas. | | | Stalin rejected the aircraft carrier, despite all the evidence from the Second World War of the importance of airpower at sea for a blue-water navy. | | | This study complements but does not replace Monakov’s series of articles on Soviet naval doctrine and Stalin& fleet in Morskoi sbornik, 1992–98, or Robert W. Herrick’s Soviet Naval Theory and Policy: Gorshkov’s Inheritance (1989). |
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http://www.nwc.navy.mil/press/Review/2003/Summer/br8-su3.htm
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| | The Collapse of the Soviet Union |
| | The West Since World War II The Collapse of the Soviet Union |
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http://wps.prenhall.com/hss_craig_herwrldciv_6/0,6520,368991-,00.html
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| | Collapse of Soviet Union to be focus of Stanford-UC conference |
| | STANFORD -- "The Consequences of the Collapse of the Soviet Union" will be the subject of the 16th Annual Stanford-Berkeley Conference to be held from 8:30 a.m. | | | This release is not available in any other form. | | | Stanford News Service has an extensive library of images, some of which may be available to you online. |
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http://www.stanford.edu/dept/news/pr/92/920327Arc2344.html
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| | Amazon.ca: Books: The Collapse of the Soviet Union, 1985-1991 |
| | This new title examines the Gorbachev years, asks why the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, and offers a succinct and accessible interpretation of the remarkable events that led to the collapse. | | | At the core of the book is the overarching idea of the Motherland, which fused two passionately-held beliefs and identities: Soviet and Russian society. | | | The collapse of the Soviet experiment was one of the major turning points in twentieth century history. |
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http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/0582505992
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| | The Revenge of the Past: Nationalism, Revolution, and the Collapse of the Soviet Union |
| | Nationalist Mobilization and the Collapse of the Soviet State (Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics) | | | Suny describes how, especially under Lenin, the development of nationalism was encouraged the Soviet Union. | | | Suny points out that nationalism and nationality are not artificial by blending his moderately constructivst view on nationalism with the suggestion that nationalities might be rooted in "ethnies" (Anthony D. Smith's term). |
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http://www.buy24.us/books/isbn0804722471.html
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| | Smith (1994) The collapse of the Soviet Union |
| | Smith (1994) The collapse of the Soviet Union | | | To view the the latter's ratings, click on Chapters/Papers/Articles in the STATISTICS box, select a publication from the list that appears, and then click on either Quality or Interest in that publication's STATISTICS box. |
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http://www.getcited.org/?PUB=103085277&showStat=Ratings
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| | Collapse of the Soviet Union |
| | Collapse of the Soviet Union (USSR) and the End of the Cold War 1989-1991 | | | - Former Soviet satellite countries are free from Soviet control | | | - Soviets do not intervene and stop the fall of communism in these countries |
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http://www.geocities.com/tkgiffin/unit8fallnotes.html
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| | Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations |
| | Availability information may be found in the Availability, Publisher, Research Organization, Resource Relation and/or Author (affiliation information) fields and/or via the "Full-text Availability" link. | | | Energy Citations Database (ECD) Document #5265940 - Nuclear proliferation: Will the Soviet Union`s collapse spawn a new arms race | | | Nuclear proliferation: Will the Soviet Union`s collapse spawn a new arms race |
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http://www.osti.gov/energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=5265940
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