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| | Travels in the Caucasus |
 | | It’s said that the blond tribes of the Black Agavi people, who claim to be descendants of the Crusaders, were still wandering the mountains in chain mail tunics in the 1930s. | | | Even today in our globalized, CNN world, more than 40 languages are still spoken by the ethnic groups of the Caucasus. | | | But he’d returned to his mountain, to Elbrus his faithful friend. |
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http://www.nomadom.net/russia/caucasus.htm
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| | TIME Europe CHECHNYA TRAIL |
| | One force, striking toward Grozny and the Caspian, had been stalled for the past two months on the Terek River, which German broadcasts described as "the accursed stream where so much German blood has already been shed." Another spearhead had moved from captured Novorossiisk toward the great oil port of Batum. | | | In the Axis vanguard were Rumanian units which, when they met the Russians head on, started to retreat. | | | Sign up now for TIME's WorldWatch email newsletter. |
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http://www.time.com/time/europe/chechnyatrail/421019.html
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| | Ecosystem Profile: Caucasus |
| | The geographical basis for the CEPF niche in the Caucasus hotspot was elaborated during the process of determining conservation outcomes. | | | The biological basis for the CEPF niche is determined by the species outcomes - globally threatened species found in the Caucasus according to the 2002 IUCN Red List. | | | Twenty-two of the 77 reptiles in the Caucasus are endemic to the region. |
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http://www.cepf.net/xp/cepf/where_we_work/caucasus/full_strategy.xml
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| | Caucasus - the world of Eternity |
| | Caucasus range is extending for 1200 km from the great plains of Russia to the mountainous territories of Transcaucausia, from the Black sea to west to Caspian sea to east, forming both geographic, ethnic and political barrier. | | | In a memory of those, whose souls remain to fly not visually in a silence of Mountain's Grandeur. | | | It is between these two giants that the most beautiful mountains of Caucasus rising up. |
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http://mountains.tos.ru/cauc.htm
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| | A Quiet Battle in the Caucasus: Georgia Between Russia and NATO |
| | Unlike more unfortunate victims in Chechnya itself, who were beheaded in 1997, the Pankisi prisoners were all later released. | | | These exercises were preceded by a planning meeting in Naples, Italy in November 2000. | | | Like everywhere in the Caucasus, it is home to a myriad of different peoples and languages, but this very fact, which makes Georgia an ethnographer’s dream, also makes it a security nightmare. |
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http://www.antiwar.com/orig/deliso7.html
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| | CAUCASUS - LoveToKnow Article on CAUCASUS |
| | It is, however, continued under the waters of the Caspian, as stated in the article on that sea, and reappears on its eastern side in the Kopet-dagh, which skirts the north-east frontier of Per~sia. | | | The rivers which go down from the central Caucasus northwards Eiave considerably longer, courses than those on the south side f the range, partly as a consequence of the gentler versant and partly also because of the great distances to which the steppes ~xtend across which they make their way to the sea. | | | Before the Russian conquest the native inhabitants of this region were Kabardians, Circassians (Adigheh) and Abkhasians, also a Circassian race. |
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http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/C/CA/CAUCASUS.htm
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| | THE CAUCASUS MOUNTAINS, GOG, MAGOG, AND CHEVRON OIL |
| | Regional conflicts in the Caucasus and Central Asia are threatening today to deny Western access to the vital oil and gas reserves the world will need in the twenty first century..." | | | Dr. Mark N. Katz[16], associate professor of government and politics at George Mason University, says that what all these anti-Russian policies are leading to is a de facto Russian-Iranian military alliance. | | | But the Iranian leaders appear to have concluded that American hegemony in the Caucasus and Central Asia is more of a danger to them than is the Russian Federation. |
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http://www.antipasministries.com/html/file0000171.htm
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| | Visible Earth: Caucasus mountains, Black Sea, and Caspian Sea |
| | The Black Sea is the large body of water to the left of the image, and to the right is the Caspian Sea. | | | Visible Earth: Caucasus mountains, Black Sea, and Caspian Sea | | | These mountains separate the Russian Federation to the north, from the countries of Georgia and Azerbiajan, left to right respectively, to the south. |
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http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/view_rec.php?vev1id=9035
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| | Caucasus Foundation |
| | Tuallag in the southernmost region became part of what is now Georgia, and Iron, the north-ernmost group, came under Russian rule after 1767, which strengthened Orthodox Christianity considerably. | | | This dispute is in the process of arbitration. | | | Ossetes were strongly involved in the civil war 1918-20. |
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http://www.kafkas.org.tr/english/bgkafkas/Ethnicgeography_Ossets.htm
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| | Caucasus / Mountain.RU |
| | The warm, damp climate there is a product of the Black Sea. | | | The vegetation of Kolkhidskaya lowland, the Black Sea coast of Caucasus, Talyshskie mountains is subtropical; the vegetation of plateaus of Transcaucasia is steppe and semidesertic. | | | East Caucasus is extended on 500 km to the east from Kazbek up to Caspian sea. |
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http://www.mountain.ru/eng/adventure/2003/Caucasus/index.shtml
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| | EO Newsroom: New Images - Mt. Elbrus, Caucasus Range |
| | Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA-JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth. | | | Elbrus is also an ancient volcano, although it has not erupted for nearly 2000 years. | | | The Caucasus Mountains form a long (more than 1200 km) and steep spine connecting the Black Sea to the Caspian. |
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http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=10817
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| | Adventures. Caucasus is beneath me... - How we effected an ascent of the mountain Elborus in 2001" |
| | Almost every alpinist we met was a foreigner. | | | And it was another expedition, nearby Russia - in the mountains of Caucasus, when in the film "Lie Down with Lions" the agent of the Central Intelligence Agency Jack Carver went out the combat zone with his girl-friend and her little child. | | | In the evening we had fixed a camp on the riverside, because it was impossible to think of moving through the river in the darkness. |
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http://www.geocities.com/tdrarh/NEWS/ADVENT/Caucasus/Elbore.htm
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| | EO Natural Hazards: Fires in the Foothills of the Caucasus Mountains |
| | Where Europe meets Asia, the Caucasus Mountains stretch from the Black Sea in the east to the Caspian Sea in the west. | | | In this true-color Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) captured on November 23, 2002, by the Aqua satellite, the snow-capped peaks of the Caucasus stretch through the center, and numerous fires (red dots) dot the plains and foothills to the north. | | | Image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response Team, NASA GSFC |
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http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=5271
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| | Caucasus Mountains Image and Information |
| | The northwest-southeast-trending Caucasus Mountains extend from the eastern shores of the Black Sea to the southwest coast of the Caspian Sea. | | | Historically, this region has been (and continues to be) a battleground of different cultures and religions. | | | Mountain ridges commonly exceed 3960 m above sea level, and Mount Elbrus (the large snow-covered peak near the western end of the Caucasus Mountains) 5633 m above sea level (the highest of Europe). |
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http://www.globe-images.com/caucasus.htm
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| | Remi Benali Photographer : Icons of Caucasus Mountains |
| | Deep in the Caucasus Mountains, the Christian faith is deeply revered. | | | Having resisted numerous invasions from Islam in the past, Georgian Christians have preserved many marvelous icons dating from the 6th to 14th centuries in the attics of their chapels. | | | The villagers have recently been considering selling the icons so that they may leave their fortified farms and live in the "comfort" of the nearest cities. |
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http://www.remibenali.com/world_heritage_georgian_icon
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| | Caucasus mountains |
| | The local people call Elbrus "Ash-Gamakho", which means "Happiness-Bringing Mountain". | | | There might be endless arguing about the advantages of this or that mountain ski track in this or that country but if you had never been to Kamchatka you have simply never really been skiing. | | | The Caucasus mountains Range, which marks one of the points where Europe and Asia meet, stretches about 1,127 kilometers (about 700 miles) between Black and Caspian seas. |
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http://caucasus.in-russia.com
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| | "Caucasus Summit 2001" - Mountain Forum Calendar |
| | The Caucasus is one among the 9 mountain missives, which are the members of European Mountain Forum. | | | In many believes, religions and community rules the mountains still symbolize the beauty of universe and spirit of humanity, and therefore despite of geographical isolation and barriers, this is one, which unite peoples with different religions and origin. | | | This could create the right synthesis of research, knowledge and historical experience, which benefits all actors and first of all mountains communities. |
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http://www.mtnforum.org/calendar/events/0109csta.htm
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| | Caucasus -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! |
| | Summary of the presidency, political parties, legislature, elections, judicial system, and constitution of this country in the Caucasus. | | | The name Caucasus is a Latinized form of Kaukasos, which the ancient Greek geographers and historians used; the Russian Kavkaz is of the same origin. | | | Summary of the political leadership of Zviad Gamsakhurdia and Eduard Shevardnadze, the presidency, the Parliament, the judicial system, the Supreme Court and regional courts, the constitution, and human rights in this Caucasus country. |
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http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-9110520
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| | Severo-Osetinsky Zapovednik |
| | This comprises a third of all the plants found in the Caucasus Region. | | | Popov, K.P. “Severo-Osetinsky State Zapovednik.” Zapovedniks and National Parks of the Northern Caucasus. | | | Mountain lands have historically been used for sheep and cattle grazing and agriculture. |
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http://www.wild-russia.org/bioregion5/5-Severo-Osetinsky/5_savero.htm
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| | Teberdinsky Zapovednik |
| | Thanks to unfailing efforts of scientists and activists, bison were bred and reintroduced to the region. | | | Purple trefoil sways before the massive snow-covered peaks of the Dombai-Ulgen Mountain. | | | Teberdinsky Zapovednik, in Russia's Caucasus Mountains, preserves one of the planet's most diverse temperate ecosystems in its near pristine state. |
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http://www.wild-russia.org/bioregion5/5_TEBERDINSKY/5_teberd.htm
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| | Land Resources of Russia |
| | Mountains and lowlands of the Far East occupy wide sector of the eastern ending of Eurasia continent. | | | This mountain system occupies all southern part of Siberia from the basin of Zaisan Lake to the Far East. | | | Tectonic movements are active in mountains at present. |
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http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Research/FOR/russia_cd/mountains.htm
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| | Department of Anthropology - Appalachian State University |
| | Because the mountains are a natural barrier between Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, all these peoples would have to face crossing and adapting to the Caucasus Mountains. | | | The Caucasus Mountains have seen only limited archaeological investigation, even though they possess many caves and rockshelters. | | | A number of Palaeolithic sites have been investigated in North Ossetia over the past 16 years by Dr. Nazim Hidjrati. |
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http://www.acs.appstate.edu/dept/anthro/russia.html
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| | Caucasus Kefir Capsules |
| | In addition, these organisms have been part of the diet of the people who live in the Caucasus Mountains for hundreds of years. | | | These people have incredible longevity (over 100 years), and it has been attributed to their pure water and incredible kefir, which they all eat on a regular basis. | | | But it is natural products like these Caucasus kefir capsules that we really believe in. |
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http://www.wildernessfamilynaturals.com/caucasus_kefir_capsules.htm
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| | BBC NEWS World Europe North Caucasus: At a glance |
| | South Ossetia was one of the first flashpoints of ethnic conflict in the disintegrating Soviet Union when, in 1990, calls for unification with North Ossetia led to conflict with Georgia's new nationalist government. | | | It is sometimes known as the Mountain of Languages, or Mountain of Nationalities - with some national groups occupying no more than one or two villages. | | | Many of these communities have troubled relations with their neighbours, others with central governments in Moscow or Tbilisi. |
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/3632274.stm
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| | CNN.com - More than 500 evacuated after mudslides in Russia's Caucasus Mountains - July 20, 2000 |
| | NTV commercial television showed people spending the night on the surrounding hillsides, huddled under umbrellas, after being left homeless by the slide. | | | This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. | | | MOSCOW (AP) -- More than 500 people have been evacuated, some by helicopter from rooftops, after mudslides swept through a town in Russia's Caucausus mountains, officials said Thursday. |
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http://archives.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/europe/07/20/russia.mudslide.ap
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| | Caucasus Mountains |
| | El'brus, which has an altitude of 5642 m (18,510 ft), is the highest peak in Europe. | | | Geologically, the Caucasus Mountains belong to a system that extends from southeastern Europe into Asia. | | | Of the two principal chains within the Caucasus, the most northerly range has a number of peaks higher than about 4570 m (15,000 ft) above sea level. |
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http://autocww.colorado.edu/~blackmon/E64ContentFiles/MountainsAndLandforms/CaucasusMountains.html
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| | Journal of Paleontology: LATE CHANGHSINGIAN FAUNA OF THE NORTHWESTERN CAUCASUS MOUNTAINS, RUSSIA |
| | This biota is Late Changhsingian in age and correlates with similar biotas described in south China, the Pamir Mountains, South Primorye in far eastern Russia, and Transcaucasia. | | | A stratigraphy of Permian deposits in the northwestern Caucasus Mountains was presented by K. Miklukho-Maklay (1954, 1956), who defined and named four formations based on lithology and foraminifer content, but one of these units was later found to contain Triassic ammonoids and is separated from underlying Permian strata by an unconformity. | | | Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3790/is_200405/ai_n9377536
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| | Azerbaijan Development Gateway |
| | The Lenkoran lowland stretches in a narrow band between the foothills of the Talish Mountains and the Caspian Sea. | | | The northeastern part of Azerbaijan is formed by the range of the Greater Caucasus, which extends for about 1,500 km from the Taman Peninsula on the Black Sea to the Abseron Peninsula. | | | The mountains decline towards the east and transform into foothills followed by costal lowlands and the Baku plateau on the Abseron peninsula. |
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http://www.gateway.az/eng/country/environment.shtml
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| | Al-Ahram Weekly International News Nationalists and Islamists |
| | Islamist groups are blamed for fomenting trouble in the Northern Caucasus Mountains which includes several, predominantly Muslim, autonomous republics such as Chechnya and Daghestan. | | | This weekend's fighting in Daghestan represents the most serious challenge to Russia's authority in the restive Caucasus region since Russian President Boris Yeltsin's ill-fated campaign against Chechen separatists. | | | Botlikh is a remote and rugged area in the multi-ethnic region of the Caucasus Mountains. |
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http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1999/443/in1.htm
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| | RUSNET.NL :: Encyclopedia :: C :: Caucasus Mountains |
| | Mountain range between the Black and Caspian seas, often considered the southeastern limit of Europe. | | | It possesses considerable waterpower resources, including those of the Kura River, and valuable petroleum and natural gas reserves. | | | Many peaks rise above 15,000 ft (4,575 m); the highest is Mount Elbrus. |
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http://www.rusnet.nl/encyclo/c/print/caucasus_mountains.shtml
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| | THE GRAND CAUCASUS hiking Georiga |
| | This area is covered with huge stones carried down by the ice, some as big as a house. | | | You will be accompanied by well-qualified and very experienced mountain guides who will not only guide you, but also give you an insight into the charm and beauty of Georgian nature, acquaint you with the traditions of the mountains and do their best that you should feel part of the mountains yourself. | | | This tour is very interesting but also requires special training and experience from participants. |
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http://www.infohub.com/TRAVEL/SIT/sit_pages/13068.html
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| | Eco-Agrotourism in South Caucasus |
| | Wherever you've been, even if it's the Kolchida or the Kur-Araxes lowland, a clearly visible chain of snowy peaks on the horizon will remind you of where you are. | | | The Southern Caucasus are totally mountainous and its lowlands (not to speak of meadows and plains) are connected to surrounding mountains both by geological origin and through the character of contemporary natural processes. | | | During that short time the absorbed spectator will see a kaleidoscopic of views with snow-covered peaks, flourishing plains, forested hills, azure seas, humid subtropic forests, sun-burnt semi-deserts, emerald alpine meadows, thorny bushes, fertile highlind plateaus, and huge fields covered with rocks and stones. |
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http://www.eatsc.com/for_all/tcg.html
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| | Pravda.RU:Rescuers search for seven Moscow skiers in North Caucasus mountains |
| | According to him, the search and rescue operation is currently under way near the village of Terskol at the foot of the Elbrus mountain. | | | "A group of Moscow teenagers left the flat they rented in Terskol on 12 February and, without telling anyone of their plans, headed for the mountains," the Emergencies Ministry's spokesman said. | | | More than 80 rescuers of the Emergencies Ministry are searching for seven Moscow skiers lost in the mountains of Kabardino-Balkaria (an autonomous republic in the North Caucasus), a spokesman for Russia's Emergencies Ministry told RIA Novosti. |
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http://newsfromrussia.com/accidents/2004/02/14/52315_.html
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| | HORSE RIDING Caucasus horse-riding |
| | It is possible to organize one-centre radial tours or to camp outside in the unspoiled nature. | | | You can ride through beautiful gorges and alpine meadows, enjoy views of the Great Caucasus, visit mountain villages and see the life of the local people. |
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http://www.infohub.com/TRAVEL/SIT/sit_pages/13069.html
(357 words)
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| | Georgia Revealed : Searching for the Soul of the Caucasus |
| | Hidden behind the veil of the Soviet era for most of the 20th century, this enchanting land is now open for all to experience. | | | To begin your experience, either follow the Expedition Map or View their notebooks. | | | Join the One World Journeys' Team as they delve into this ancient culture on the brink of modernization. |
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http://www.oneworldjourneys.com/georgia/home.html
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| | Caucasian Rugs from the Caucasus Mountains |
| | Baku saddle bags, Ghyzy, wool sumak with some white cotton, probably 19thC, the value is in the bag faces which were "recycled" at some point in the mid 20thC, general good condition with some brown oxidation, back not original | | | Triple Medallion Kazak, hand knotted wool, Caucasus Mountains 19thC, four animal figures that look like scorpions and lizards, larger photo | | | South East Caucasus, hand knotted wool, late 19thC / early 20thC, five colorful medallions on a dark blue field, sky blue, pale green, cochineal, persimmon, rose, and mauve, low but good pile, minor restoration, selvages not original, larger photo |
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http://www.cyberrug.com/caucasusmain.htm
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| | Western Caucasus |
| | The Western Caucasus, extending over 275,000 ha of the extreme western end of the Caucasus mountains and located 50 km north-east of the Black Sea, is one of the few large mountain areas of Europe that has not experienced significant human impact. | | | Its subalpine and alpine pastures have only been grazed by wild animals, and its extensive tracts of undisturbed mountain forests, extending from the lowlands to the subalpine zone, are unique in Europe. | | | The forests are remarkable at the European scale for their lack of human disturbance. |
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http://whc.unesco.org/sites/900.htm
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| | Europe |
| | The Eurasian landmass is so huge and dwarfs all the other continents so much that chopping it up helps equalize things a little bit. | | | This is especially true when it comes to dividing up the mountain ranges of the world--Asia by itself has enough mountains to overwhelm the Peagbagger.com range scheme, and anything that can be offloaded to Europe keeps the continents more in balance. | | | For such a relatively small continent, Europe actually has more than its fair share of awesome alpine terrain. |
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http://www.peakbagger.com/range.aspx?rid=3
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| | News from Poland - Search suspended for Polish climbers trapped in the Caucasus Mountains |
| | Russian rescuers have suspended their search for Polish mountaineers trapped in a crevice in the Caucasus Mountains. | | | A group of 4 Polish mountaineers got trapped in a crevice in the Caucasus Mountains 6 days ago, two managed to survive and call help. | | | It has not been ruled out that the rescue action will be resumed after weather conditions in the area improve. |
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http://www.poland.pl/news/article,Search_suspended_for_Polish_climbers_trapped_in_the_Caucasus_Mountains,id,184114.htm
(228 words)
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| | Flowers of the Caucasus Mountains |
| | It is most likely due to the situation in some parts of that region – since 1988 there exist 4 latent war areas there: Nagorny Karabach, Chechenia, | | | There have been no books published containing a significant number of high quality pictures of the Caucasian plants at all until now. | | | Despite of this unique combination of favourable natural factors the Caucasus region has been extensively omitted by „plant hunters“, travellers and rock gardeners from the western countries until now. |
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http://www.backyardgardener.com/czbook.html
(416 words)
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| | The Caucasus Mountains Part 2: Make a Poster |
| | Describe a cultural activity in the Caucasus area. | | | Complete the poster in one session because your work cannot be saved. | | | Introduce the Caucasus Mountains with information about the area's climate, location, and regions. |
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http://go.hrw.com/social/geo/post/ch18
(104 words)
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| | Syllabus: History 422 |
| | Natural features: Arctic Ocean, Baltic Sea, Caspian Sea, Black Sea, Lake Baikal, Aral Sea, Lena river, Ob river, Volga river, Don river, Sakhalin, Crimea, Ural Mountains, and Caucasus Mountains. |
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http://www.unlv.edu/faculty/pwerth/422.html
(215 words)
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| | Ascent on Erydag (3925m), Caucasus, Mountains of Dagestan, Chekhy-Tchay gorge / Climb / Mountain.RU |
| | Problems with water can appear in winter, because snow on the wall does not lie, winds blow it off, and also because of dryness of air. | | | Caucasus, Mountains of Dagestan, Chekhy-Tchay gorge, via a new route on North-West face, centre of right bastion, 6A graded done by the team of Dagestan Republican search and rescue service, Ministry of Emergency Measures of Russia in winter 2000 | | | Arrival in the area is from Makhachkala via a federal highway "Caucasus" on the south up to the settlement of Novo - Goptsakh (180 km) and further to the right, upwards the river Samur up to the settlement Usukhchai (25 km) (700 m). |
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http://www.mountain.ru/eng/climb/2004/erydag
(3293 words)
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| | georgia map and information page |
| | Georgia, situated at the dividing line of Asia and Europe, is an ancient country of rugged mountains and very determined people. | | | Summers are often hot in the east, with warm and pleasant Mediterranean-like conditions along the Black Sea coastal areas. | | | Climate Cold winters with heavy snow in the Caucasus Mountain regions; milder winters in the southern reaches of the country. |
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http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/ge.htm
(424 words)
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