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| | Encyclopedia: Cardinal Richelieu |
 | | Richelieu was displeased by Pope Urban VIII's refusal to name him the papal legate in France; in turn, the Pope did not approve of the administration of the French church, or of French foreign policy. | | | Cardinal Richelieu, however, was aware of the plan, and quickly convinced the King to repent. | | | In 1641, he participated in the comte de Soissons' failed conspiracy against Richelieu, but was not discovered. |
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Cardinal-Richelieu
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| | Richelieu - the story of his political career and his personal qualities |
| | Richelieu had the skills and intellect to find a way to deal with the conspiracies and plots against his regime--selective revenge, counter-attacking and finally lèse-majesté. | | | Many opponents of Richelieu, thus, found themselves in the prison or were sentenced to death because they were plotting against the state, and disrupting the public peace. | | | The attempt of Richelieu to exclude the nobles from the government affairs on any level was within the scope of the royal prerogative but ran counter to many elements of noble1s traditional way of life, therefore involved the violation not of legal rights but of social values. |
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http://www.geocities.com/Paris/5972/Richelieu.html
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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Cardinal Richelieu |
| | Lacroix, the historian of Richelieu's youth, believes that in a journey made to Rome at the end of 1606, Richelieu deceived the pope as to his age, but the incident is still obscure. | | | The favourable treaties signed by Mazarin were the result of Richelieu's policy of Protestant alliances, a policy which was severely censured by a number of Catholics. | | | Richelieu's foreign policy (for which see LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) was characterized by his fearlessness in making alliances with the foreign Protestants. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13047a.htm
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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Jules Mazarin |
| | His foreign policy was, as Richelieu's had often been, indifferent to the interests of Catholicism: the Peace of Westphalia gave its solemn sanction to the legal existence of Calvinism in Germany, and, while the nuncio vainly protested, Protestant princes were rewarded with secularized bishoprics and abbacies for their political opposition to Austria. | | | One reminiscence at least of the old political ideas of Christian Europe is to be found in his will: he left the pope a fund (600,000 livres) to prosecute the war against the Turks. | | | The Spaniards complained that in this last post Mazarin made it his exclusive business to support Richelieu's policy, and he was dismissed from the nunciature by Urban VIII (17 Jan., 1636). |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10092a.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | Deeply concerned with public opinion, Richelieu operated a powerful public relations machine that included extensive press censorship, an official newspaper called The Gazette, a relatively large number of publicists, and the power to put to death anyone guilty of criticizing the government. | | | This won him the hatred of many office-holders. | | | And in some ways, Richelieu's ministry does resemble modern politics. |
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http://www.informationgenius.com/encyclopedia/c/ca/cardinal_richelieu.html
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| | Cardinal Richelieu and the Huguenots |
| | However, Richelieu viewed the involvement of the English with concern as this was a Protestant nation seemingly supporting the Huguenots rebels, as Richelieu would have viewed them. | | | However, all the La Rochelle survivors could have been accused of treason and executed – so the Grace of Alais was seen as generous. | | | Any other region in France that might have dallied with seeking greater freedom from central authority, now had an example of what could happen to you if you dared to challenge Richelieu. |
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http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/richelieu_huguenots.htm
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| | Amazon.com: Books: Cardinal Richelieu: And the Making of France |
| | Perhaps it's more an unsolicited testament of things from the vantage point of those whom many historians have decided, in their churning quest to install an egalitarian privilege, are easily brushed aside, their subject's particular paradigm having been in their view eclipsed. | | | If one's view of Cardinal Richelieu is based on a reading of Alexander Dumas' The Three Musketeers, one inevitably thinks of a ruthless, cynical practitioner of power politics. | | | While deeply hated by his own people during his lifetime, it would be no discredit if he would be regarded as a national hero today since without Richelieu, there may not be a France as we know it. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/078670778X?v=glance
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| | Battleship richelieu |
| | The French battleship Richelieu, based at Dakar, had put to sea and was thought to be heading for Toulon, where she would be neutralized. | | | The French battleship Richelieu is in the left background. | | | Had one of them fought it out with the French Battleship Richelieu (more about her later) for dominance in the Mediterranean, it would have been interesting... |
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http://www.lookgames.net/battleship-richelieu.html
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| | Cardinal Richelieu |
| | 1626 -- Richelieu suppresses Chalais conspiracy, concentrating all political power in his own hands; he was the chief minister of Louis XII; he furthered centralization. | | | 1616 -- Richelieu becomes Minister of State for Foreign Affairs and War. | | | Richelieu's successor, Cardinal Mazarin, brought it to an end in 1653. |
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http://members.aol.com/snuffy1186/cardinal.html
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| | Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, duc de on Encyclopedia.com |
| | The growing jealousy of Marie and the great nobles endangered his position, and in 1630 Marie supported a conspiracy against Richelieu. | | | Richelieu then had full control of the government. | | | Conspiracies of the nobles, who invariably found a figurehead in the king's brother Gaston d' Orléans, were rigorously suppressed. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/r/richela1j1p1.asp
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| | MSN Encarta - Richelieu |
| | The Huguenots thus were broken militarily and politically, although they were assured religious freedom. | | | He became secretary of state in 1616 but fell into political disfavor the following year and, along with the queen mother, was banished from court. | | | Still later, Richelieu made France an active ally of the German Protestants by committing French troops to fight in the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648). |
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http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/refarticle.aspx?refid=761577648
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| | Cardinal Richelieu |
| | In fact Lucifer is a hero, he smuggled persecuted cats from the witch trials to ships and sent them to America. | | | The two kittens had been born in the wig of an academic called Racan and who put on the wig and went to Richelieu. | | | When he was on his deathbed, the Cardinal wrote in his will that the cats and their two care-takers were to be given a lot of money, a house and provisions and allowed to live peacefully. |
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http://www.gorki.net/history/love3.html
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| | CARDINAL RICHELIEU AND HIS CATS |
| | In the best political tradition, Richelieu then installed his own people in places of authority, removing his and the King’s enemies. | | | As a result, after Richelieu became a Cardinal in 1622, he was also able to continue the family tradition of government service. | | | A strong believer in the supreme authority of the crown, Richelieu, among other things, in 1628, put down a rebellion of the Huguenots, while still allowing them to practice their religion. |
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http://www.suite101.com/article.cfm/cats_in_literature_history_art/99781
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| | Moviefone: Cardinal Richelieu Movie |
| | Cardinal Richelieu - Cast, Crew, Reviews, Plot Summary, Comments, Discussion,... | | | The New York Times > Movies > CARDINAL RICHELIEU > Review, Cast... | | | Synopsis: Released generally as Cardinal Richelieu, this George Arliss vehicle was based on the popular 19th-century blank-verse play by Lord Edward Bulwer-Lytton. |
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http://movies.aol.com/movie/main.adp?mid=1054509
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| | All About Romance: France - The Life & Times of Cardinal Richelieu |
| | Richelieu, like many before him, installed his own people in government and seats of power where he could, unseating the king's and his own enemies. | | | For a time Richelieu was in disgrace but then king and his mother soon reconciled, which was good news for Richelieu. | | | Richelieu saw all of these things as impediments to his goals and through coercion, manipulation and oppression, set about changing things. |
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http://www.likesbooks.com/france3.html
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| | Cardinal Richelieu |
| | Cardinal Richelieu was no skeptic about religion, but as his political ambitions trumped all other considerations, it is fair to say there was very little depth in his religion. | | | Richelieu is acknowledged as one of the greatest statesmen of the seventeenth century, but his independence from Rome in religious and political matters is rarely mentioned in popular histories. | | | As he began his political career, Richelieu was one of the first proponents of tax exemption for the churches. |
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http://www.ronaldbrucemeyer.com/rants/0909almanac.htm
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| | Cardinal Richelieu [Armand Jean du Plessis] (1585-1642) |
| | By 1616 Richelieu receives a political appointment as a member of the Council of State. | | | Richelieu believed that "continuous negotiation" would serve all states well – but would it? | | | Note: When French King Henry IV had died, his son (Louis XIII) was a child, so there was a period of regency during which the Queen Mother served as Regent – but she was viewed as an [Italian] outsider. |
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http://www.eureka.edu/emp/jrodrig/webpage/Theory4.htm
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| | Talkin' Broadway Regional News & Reviews - Washington, D.C. - Coffee With Richelieu - 9/8/02 |
| | In the midst of his political machinations, Richelieu found time to indulge in his love of the arts and was responsible for founding the Acadamie Française. | | | As Richelieu carries out his manipulations, he "steps out of time" and moves to an alternate dimension, which consists of a coffee house where Richelieu can order the brew of his choice. | | | This is the Richelieu that Norman Allen presents so eloquently. |
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http://www.talkinbroadway.com/regional/dc/dc62.html
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| | cardinal richelieu |
| | The Cardinal made provision for all his cats, and their two attendants in his will, but sadly, as soon as he died the soldiers of his Swiss Guard burned the poor creatures to death as vengeance for the many witches and their cats Richelieu had put to death in his lifetime. |
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http://www.pawsonline.info/care/cardinal_richelieu.htm
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| | Mike Dust Fascinatum - Cardinal Richelieu - Vol. 2 - August - No. 41 |
| | As the great cardinal is said to have remarked, he died leaving no enemies but those of France, and his whole career had embodied but the one idea, the aggrandizement of his fatherland. | | | Although an invalid the greater part of his life, he never gave up to pain nor fell before the plots of his enemies, plots which, numerous and dangerous, followed each other in rapid succession; but always Richelieu met them with courage, and disposed of the plotters with a stern disregard for mercy. | | | His varied activities and abilities were marvelous - seventy-four treaties were negotiated by him; he wrote ably; encouraged art; founded the French Academy; started the first French political newspaper, and fostered culture so successfully that the development of the fine arts, so striking a characteristic of the reign of Louis XIV, became possible. |
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http://www.mikedust.com/fascinatum/2002/fascinatum-082502.html
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| | [No title] |
| | The valet held a wax-light; the cardinal took a key from his bureau and opening the door of a secret stair descended into the court of the Palais Royal. | | | The position of the cardinal was indeed critical, and recent events had added to his difficulties. | | | “Richelieu, whom they hated during his lifetime and whom they now praise after his death, was even less popular than I am. |
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http://www.hoboes.com/html/FireBlade/Dumas/Twenty/Twenty1.html
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| | Cardinal Richelieu by CHAMPAIGNE, Philippe de |
| | The sitter for this grandiose portrait, however, is obviously not one of the artist's Jansenist patrons: where they wear sober black, he wears crimson; where they appear against a plain grey background, he stands in a palatial gallery against a great Baroque swathe of curtain, a glimpse of his château gardens behind him. | | | We are gazing upwards at Richelieu, his face the distant apex of an elongated pyramid down which lustrous drapery flows like lava. | | | To readers of Alexandre Dumas, he will always be the haughty antagonist and sometime patron of the (four) Three Musketeers - but then, Dumas had Champaigne's portraits of Richelieu on which to base his unforgettable character. |
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http://www.kfki.hu/~arthp/html/c/champaig/richeli.html
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| | Cardinal de Richelieu |
| | Champaigne repeated the attitude of the face turned to the left in his 'Triple Portrait of Cardinal Richelieu' of 1642, also in the National Gallery. | | | This portrait is one of several variants of a full-length composition showing the minister in cardinal's robes and wearing the Order of the Saint-Esprit. | | | The terrace to the left and the garden beyond may represent a view of the gardens at the cardinal's château at Rueil, near Paris. |
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http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/cgi-bin/WebObjects.dll/CollectionPublisher.woa/wa/work?workNumber=NG1449
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| | 'Cardinal de Richelieu' |
| | Some people have said that the Moss rose, 'Nuits de Young' is the darkest of the old roses, but I have seen the two side by side, and I would say that this rose is the darker of the two. | | | Graham Thomas has been quoted as saying that it has "the sumptuous bloom of a dark grape. | | | It is supposedly one quarter china in it's geneology, and that shows in it's general appearance and leaf character. |
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http://www.rdrop.com/~paul/gallicas/richelieu.html
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| | Cardinal Richelieu (1935) |
| | Look at the fierce disapproval in his face in that scene. | | | The key scene for whoever played the Cardinal was "the Curse of Rome" Scene, where Richelieu warns of the wrath of the Papacy if anything happens to him. | | | It was one of the most popular "modern" plays in English and American theatre in the 19th Century, and had been performed by Edwin Booth among others. |
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http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0026180
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| | Portrait of Cardinal Richelieu (Getty Museum) |
| | Simon Vouet drew him in his cardinal's robes while clasping in his hands a letter, an attribute of his life as an official of the Church and the State. | | | Known both as an astute politician and a connoisseur of the French arts, Cardinal de Richelieu controlled much of France's political and artistic sphere in the 1600s. | | | The red chalk shows off the brilliant color of the cardinal's cape and hat, while the white creates soft highlights in his hair and collar. |
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http://www.getty.edu/art/collections/objects/o113241.html
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| | The LLama Butchers: Happy Birthday, Cardinal Richelieu |
| | Counsel: Cardinal, would it be fair to say that you not only built up the centralized monarchy in France but also perpetuated the religious schism in Europe? | | | Counsel: And did you take even sterner measures against the great Catholic nobles who made common cause with foreign foes in defence of their feudal independence? | | | I love it when that kind of thing gets worked in - to me, such intelligent writing compliments and enhances the other elements that make the piece so funny. |
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http://llamabutchers.mu.nu/archives/117007.php
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| | Cardinal Richelieu Armand-Jean du Plessis Questia.com Online Library |
| | The same was true when Cardinal Richelieu became principal minister...solely on his relationship with... | | | become a procurator...meals had to be curtailed: Richelieu, when only Bishop of Lucon...with the Thirty Years War... | | | Richelieu and the Councillors of Louis XIII: A Study of the Secretaries of State and Superintendents of Finance in the Ministry of Richelieu, 1635-1642 |
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http://www.questia.com/popularSearches/cardinal_richelieu.jsp
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| | Cardinal Richelieu by CHAMPAIGNE, Philippe de |
| | Richelieu was painted by Champaigne in several different guises, all of them with unwavering accuracy and concentration, and these portraits are a vivid record of that statesman's determined and brilliant personality. | | | This lack of warmth is one of the reasons why Champaigne has never attracted a popular following. | | | In this full-length portrait, of which there are many versions, all the cardinal's strength of character is revealed, as might be expected in a grand state portrait. |
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http://www.kfki.hu/~arthp/html/c/champaig/richelif.html
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| | Cardinal Richelieu |
| | Reduced the power of the Spanish and Austrian Hapsburgs by manipulating during the 30 years war to allow the German princes to fight amongst themselves then in 1635 joined the war against the Catholic Hapsburgs: France gained rich territory along the Rhine called the Alsace. | | | Made new administrators called intendants (only appointed middle class) responsible directly to the king, who appointed an removed them. | | | A Divine Absolute Monarchy is established in France by Louis XIV the "Sun King" |
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http://killeenroos.com/2/richelie.htm
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| | Section 2: Cardinal Richelieu: Political Testament /Shaping of the Modern World/Brooklyn College |
| | Section 2: Cardinal Richelieu: Political Testament /Shaping of the Modern World/Brooklyn College | | | The sad state of your affairs seemed to force you to hasty decisions, without permitting a choice of time or of means; and yet it was necessary to make a choice of both, in order to profit by the change which necessity demanded from your prudence. | | | I may say that the bad example of all of these was so injurious to this realm that even the best regulated parlements were affected by it, and endeavored, in certain cases to diminish your royal authority as far as they were able in order to stretch their own powers beyond the limits of reason. |
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http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/history/virtual/reading/core4-02r01.htm
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| | Cardinal de Richelieu |
| | The flowers age to a greyish purple hue, which is almost unique in the rose family, and there is a very pleasant rose scent. | | | The next available day to ship this rose is: October 17 | | | Contact Us by email or by phone: 541 753 8871 |
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http://uncommonrose.biz/r/cardinalderichelieu.html
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| | Cardinal Richelieu |
| | Is first Bishop in France to implement in his diocese the reforms decreed by the Council of Trent | | | Political Testament of Cardinal Richelieu: The Significant Chapters and | | | "The Shade of Cardinal Richelieu" From Twenty Years After, the sequel to The Three Musketters, Alexander Dumas. |
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http://www.openhistoryproject.org/indexing/richelieu.htm
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| | ABC News: Today in History - Aug. 13 |
| | In 1624, French King Louis XIII named Cardinal Richelieu his first minister. | | | In 1704, the Battle of Blenheim was fought during the War of the Spanish Succession, resulting in a victory for English and Austrian forces over French and Bavarian soldiers. | | | In 1521, Spanish conqueror Hernando Cortez captured present-day Mexico City from the Aztec Indians. |
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http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=1033485
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| | Cardinal Richelieu - anagrams |
| | Find gold service anagrams of cardinal richelieu (or any other text)! | | | Find anagram aliases of cardinal richelieu (or any other text)! |
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http://www.anagramgenius.com/archive/cardin3.html
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| | Cardinal Richelieu |
| | Find cardinal richelieu at one of the best sites the Internet has to offer! | | | Starware also provides related listings for Cardinal Richelieu. | | | Need more information on cardinal richelieu, sit back and let us find it! |
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| | Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's poem: To Cardinal Richelieu |
| | From the French - Poems - To Cardinal Richelieu | | | Content: From the French: To Cardinal Richelieu [Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's poem Translations] | | | Read next: From the French#Poems#The Angel and the Child |
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http://www.readbookonline.net/read/2818/12197
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| | cardinal richelieu - OneLook Dictionary Search |
| | Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "cardinal richelieu" is defined. | | | We found 6 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word cardinal richelieu: | | | Cardinal Richelieu : LookWAYup Translating Dictionary/Thesaurus [home, info] |
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http://www.onelook.com/?w=cardinal+richelieu&ls=a
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| | Triple Portrait of Richelieu |
| | Until 1643 he worked exclusively for Marie de Medici, Cardinal Richelieu and King Louis XIII. | | | The triple portrait was a working model for sculptor Francesco Mochi. |
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http://keptar.demasz.hu/arthp/html/c/champaig/richelie.htm
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