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| | Romans in Britain - The Boudiccan rebellion |
 | | This would take time, as the rebels were approaching Camulodunum, which was not heavily defended due to the number of troops that had been removed to fight in Wales. | | | He wasted no time and immediately sent his troops in to deal with the rebels. | | | In the south the Trinovantes were also at odds with the Romans over the way in which Camulodunum (Colchester) had been commandeered as a retirement home for Roman veterans. |
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http://www.romans-in-britain.org.uk/his_boudiccan_rebellion_colchester_falls.htm
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| | Camulodonum or Colchester the oldest British Town UK |
| | Their existence suggests conflict which is still only vaguely understood, partly because whoever was calling the shots in those days didn't write things down, depending instead on bards with good memories. | | | Two thousand years ago, British and Roman rule seems to have been dovetailing, but when Cunobelin's death in AD 40 or 41 AD triggered more inter-tribal conflict, it was to provide both an excuse and an opportunity for the Claudian | | | He and his successor Tiberius did not intervene even when the Catuvellaunian king, Cunobelin, established his base at Camulodunum and came to control the lucrative trade route to the Rhine. |
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http://norfolkcoast.com/interest/colchester.html
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| | Colchester Archaeological Report 11, Camulodunum 2 |
| | Camulodunum 2 is the result of a collaborative venture between Christopher Hawkes and Philip Crummy, director of the Colchester Archaeological Trust since 1971. | | | Christopher Hawkes completed the drafts of his various texts within months of his death in 1992. | | | Published in 1947, Camulodunum 2 is the well-known account of the excavations between 1930 and 1939 at Sheepen in Colchester. |
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http://www.catuk.org/publications/cars/car11.html
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| | 14 - A New World |
| | Icenian revolt under Boudicca suppressed after sack of Camulodunum. | | | The imperial cult temple was built at Camulodunum and dedicated to the Emperor Claudius, conqueror of Britain, after his death. | | | Camulodunum was the first where trouble was caused by the expropriation of the lands for the territorium in which the soldiers' farming plots were situated outside the town. |
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http://www.btinternet.com/~ron.wilcox/onlinetexts/onlinetexts-chap14.htm
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| | Celtic War Queen Who Challenged Rome |
| | A blood-red color in the sea, too, and shapes like human corpses left by the ebb tide, were interpreted hopefully by the Britons -- and with terror by the settlers." | | | Perhaps to deflect the suspicion that he had been involved in his uncle's murder, Nero elevated Claudius to the status of a god and ordered a temple to him built at Camulodunum. | | | Cerialis escaped with his cavalry and took shelter in his camp at Lindum. |
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http://www.thehistorynet.com/mh/blceltic_war_queen/index1.html
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| | EBK: Colchester, Essex |
| | John Morris suggests that Camulodunum might actually have been the High-King Arthur's Eastern Capital. | | | Medieval legend recalls Camulos through the supposed pagan King Camaalis after whom the town was said to have been named. | | | Camulodunum flourished however, though probably not for long. |
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http://www.earlybritishkingdoms.com/archaeology/colchester.html
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| | Roman Pottery Bibliograhpy - Essex cont'd Page 112, Vol 2 J.R.P.S. |
| | has produced supporting evidence for the theory (Camulodunum, Hawkes and Hull, 1947) that Camulodunum was supplied with samian from Italy and Gaul before the conquest. | | | Although few stratified levels with sealed groups survived (owing to the site being on an eroded hillside) and most of the material was recovered from pits a useful sequence has been established based upon the pottery and other artefactual evidence. | | | A wide range of forms, including inkwells, was found and these are catalogued in detail in microfiche with only a summary and the illustrations published in the main volume. |
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http://www.sgrp.org/Jrps/Vol02/Vol2pages106-130/Vol2page112.htm
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| | history |
| | This settlement, let us call it CAMULODUNUM, was were the people known as the TRINOVANTES lived. | | | This was the age of Arthur, King of the Britons, hero of folklore, whose stronghold was CAMELOT, a variation on CAMULODUNUM.. | | | This tribe was one of many throughout the island later to be known as BRITANNIA. |
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http://www.camulos.com/history/history.htm
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| | Area51's Community Newspaper: Amazonia |
| | To give him due credit, Tacitus did make note of some of the reasons why Boudicca would choose to attack Camulodunum, even while he condemned her for it. | | | Boudicca enlisted the support of the Trinobantians and other neighbouring Celts who had not yet fallen beneath the Roman yoke, and she marched upon Camulodunum (a Roman colony at the sight of what is now Colchester). | | | Camulodunum was also targeted because it was the site of a temple built in honour of Claudius, the Roman emperor at the time of the initial invasion of Briton. |
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http://outer-rim.lweb.net/mythos/16amazon.html
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| | BBC - History - Roman Colchester: Britain's First City |
| | Colchester was called Camulodunum, which is a Romanisation of its Iron-Age name: the Fortress (-dunum) of Camulos, God of War. | | | Our best guess is Wheathamstead, Herts, but it is possible (though I do not think probable) that Cassivellaunus had transferred his capital to Camulodunum. | | | Part of the problem is one of dating, since we do not know when Camulodunum came into Catuvellaunian hands. |
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/romans/colchester_01.shtml
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| | Romans in Britain - The Catuvellauni tribe |
| | While his father ruled the joint Catuvellaunian/Trinovantian kingdom from Camulodunum, and his brother Adminius governed Cantium from Durovernum. | | | Togodumnus was given administrative authority over the Catuvellaunian tribe and based himself at the old capital of Verulamium around 35AD, following the death of his uncle Epaticcus who had previously secured the western borders of the kingdom by his occupation of the Atrebates capital, Calleva. | | | He continued to rule the combined tribes from Camulodunum for many years, and Camulodunum became the focal point of British politics, learning and trade. |
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http://www.romans-in-britain.org.uk/clb_tribe_catuvellauni.htm
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| | Roman Wales |
| | That resistance was led by Caratacus, a British chieftan who had sought refuge with the Silures after his father's tribal capital at Camulodunum was captured in the Claudian invasion of AD 43. | | | Ostorius then advanced into Wales and had nearly reached the sea when, in AD 48, there was an uprising by the Brigantes, the largest tribe in Britain, and he was obliged to break off his campaign to quell the disturbance. | | | "But neither sternness nor leniency prevented the Silures from fighting," and in AD 49, Legio XX had to be moved forward from Camulodunum to a site near Glevum (Gloucester). |
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http://itsa.ucsf.edu/~snlrc/encyclopaedia_romana/britannia/wales/wales.html
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| | EBK: Slack, Yorkshire West Riding |
| | Camulodunum (Slack) would therefore have been an ideal candidate, though perhaps Eboracum (York) would be more likely. | | | However, it never grew to be a place of much importance and appears to have been abandoned in by the middle of the second century. | | | Saklatvala suggests that Arthur was the last of the Roman Duces Brittanniarum and that, as such, he would have maintained a campaigning headquarters in the North. |
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http://www.earlybritishkingdoms.com/archaeology/slack.html
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| | Trinovantes - free-definition |
| | At the time of Julius Caesar 's invasion of Britain, the Trinovantes were ruled by Cassivelaunus, chief of the Catuvellauni, who had apparently deposed the father of Mandubracius at some time prior to the Roman invasion. | | | Caesar's Gallic Wars suggests that Mandubracius sought refuge among the Romans, and that Mandubracius provided intelligence to the Roman leaders, who apparently restored him to the chieftainship of the Trinovantes during the Roman invasion of Britain in 55 BC. | | | Their name may mean "the strong ones." Their capital was Camulodunum, current Colchester, and one proposed site of the legendary Camelot. |
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http://www.free-definition.com/Trinovantes.html
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| | 46 CE - Roman Invasion Of Britain |
| | Defeat was handed to Caratacos, and he fell back to his fortified headquarters at Camulodunum. | | | Eventually the Romans took the fort, but not before Caratacos escaped with his family and most of his retinue. | | | When Claudius was brought up to the Camulodunum, he took command of the Roman forces, and then began a concentrated attack. |
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http://www.clannada.org/docs/romebrit.htm
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| | Camulodunum |
| | On his victory he founded the Roman colonia -- Colonia Claudia Victricensis in Britain at Camulodunum -- adjacent to Cunobeline's city after the area had been less than seven years a legionary fortress town. | | | The western side was once bounded by four massive linear earthworks, mostly the work of Cunobeline, some of which have been incorporated into the city walls. | | | Camulodunum's history can be traced back to pottery finds a millennium earlier. |
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http://www.spqr.tv/camulodunum
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| | COLONIA CAMVLODVNENSIVM |
| | AD44, which grandiose structure was dedicated to the emperor Claudius himself, following the urges of his sycophantic court. | | | Camulos was the Celtic War God, the meaning of whose name is 'powerful', and was associated by the Romans with their own God of War, Mars. | | | This time, Camulodunum had the honour of becoming the first Roman colony in Britain. |
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http://www.roman-britain.org/places/camulodunum.htm
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| | TRINOVANTES |
| | The only town mentioned by Ptolemy was the Ancient tribal capital of the Trinovantes, which had been wrested from them during a war with the neighbouring Catuvellauni c. | | | Almost immediately upon his succession to the throne sometime between 25 to 15BC, he moved his centre of government from Braughing on the eastern headwaters of the river Lea to a new site on the east coast which he named 'the fort of the war god Camulos', or Camulodunum. | | | Was the next identifiable ruler of the Trinovantes after Mandubracius in Caesar's time, though it is not known whether any others preceeded him. |
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http://www.roman-britain.org/tribes/trinovantes.htm
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| | Nero and Boudicca |
| | While the Legions had been away securing the north and west Camulodunum had been founded as a Colonia and settled with veterans from Legio XX. | | | Camulodunum was undefended, there was no fort there, no garrison, no discipline, the veterans were deemed all that was necessary. | | | However, after Claudius' invasion, when the whole of the army had marched on Colchester, the real conquest began. |
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http://www.favonius.com/romans/nero&boudica.htm
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| | COLCHESTER |
| | But many centuries were to pass before Camulodunum, Colchester's ancient predecessor, began to emerge amid the early glimmerings of history. | | | The Romans called him King of the Britons because he held sway over most of south - east Britain until his death in c. | | | Camulodunum reached á pinnacle of importance under the all-powerful king Cunobelin (Shakespeare's Cymbeline). |
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http://www.argos.gr/colchestere.htm
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| | About Colchester: Colchester's History Timeline |
| | Cunobelin (Shakespeare’s Cymbeline), leader of the British Trinovantes tribe, establishes himself at Camulodunum (which means ‘Fortress of the war god Camulos&;), expanding both his kingdom and trade with the Roman world. | | | Pliny the Elder mentions Camulodunum in his ‘Natural History&;. | | | Construction of the Temple of Claudius begins (where the Castle now stands). |
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http://www.visitcolchester.co.uk/about/history.htm
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| | Camulodunum |
| | The name means 'the Fortress of Camulos ' (the Celtic God of War). | | | Camulodunum is a Romanisation of the town's previous Celtic name: Camulodunon. |
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http://www.ebroadcast.com.au/lookup/encyclopedia/ca/Camulodunum.html
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| | Claudian Invasion |
| | Although the landing went ahead with apparent ease Claudius could find no enemy to fight although there were two skirmishes in East Kent as Aulus Plautius led his men to Camulodunum, the 'capital'. | | | These kings have not been properly identified but the following are possible leaders: Cogidubnus, Verica, Antedius, Bodvoc, Cartimandua, Corio, Volisius and Adminius. | | | Cunobelin took over control of Camulodunum from Dubnobellaunus and he so increased his control of Britain so that by the time of Tiberius, he, and the Cattivellauni, seemed to have had control over Kent as well as Essex and Hertfordshire. |
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http://www.favonius.com/romans/claudius.htm
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| | Camulodunum explored |
| | A prime aim of the excavation here was to investigate a major early trackway which has been traced by air over several kilometres as it sweeps across the south-eastern part of Camulodunum. | | | This trackway, which was in use up to at least the late 2nd century AD, was one of four routes to be found on this site. | | | Over 200 hectares of land is to be redeveloped, all of it within the defences of the anciebt stronghold of Camulodunum. |
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http://www.catuk.org/excavations/garrison
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| | Huddersfield One - Tolson Museum Booklets - Huddersfield In Roman Times - Huddersfield in Roman Times, Life in Roman ... |
| | Thus the mention of Camulodunum implies no more than that the hill was inhabited before the end of Trajan’s reign in A.D. evidence, however, from the place-name Almondbury would suggest that in the seventh century Anglian settlers found the hill inhabited by Britons, as Mr. | | | One of them is placed some forty-three miles south-west of York. | | | The Latin form of its name is Camulodunum, but the derivation is Celtic and means “the hill-fortress of Camulos,&; who was a native deity, equated with Mars, the Roman god of war. |
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http://huddersfield1.co.uk/huddersfield/tolson/roman_times/camulodunum.htm
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| | Nero 37 |
| | Camulodunum also later achieved another first six years after the original invasion, after the XX legion relocated to Glevum in the west, as part of the plan to entrap Caratacus, who was greatly annoying the invaders of my homeland through his expertise at guerrilla warfare, including effective ambush. | | | The new, straight, cobbled roads, which connected the settlement to other places of importance to the Romans, were also a wonder in their own right. | | | A deeply depressed Caratacus, frightened only for the welfare of his wife, three young sons, Cyllin, Lleyn and Cynon, and two young daughters, Eurgain and Gladys, and the remnants of his tribe, was therefore forced to await his fate in chains for a long time before finally being sent to Rome. |
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http://www.eunuch.org/Alpha/N/ea_104723nero_37.htm
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| | Roman London Journal Topics |
| | The latter city was destroyed during Queen Boudica's revolt of 60-61 A.D. and subsequently rebuilt as a planned town. | | | 100 A.D. Londinium had replaced Camulodunum as the capital of Roman Britain. | | | The Romans originally established their capital at Colchester (Camulodunum) and used London (Londinium) as a supply port. |
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http://www.cofc.edu/~mccandla/Romanjour.htm
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| | Lyneham, Wiltshire & Beyond |
| | Camulodunum, website is full of history facts and figures. | | | The Right Honourable LORD HUTTON has been tasked urgently to conduct an investigation into the circumstances surrounding the death of Dr Kelly. | | | Many of the romans treked across from the east to visit the west country town. |
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http://www.lynehamvillage.com/Html/GeneralInfo/onthenet/archive/archive0803.html
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| | Sheshen Eceni: Trinovantes |
| | The severed head of Claudius from his bronze statue at Camulodunum, which was removed by Boudica's forces and thrown into the River Alde in Suffolk. | | | A side view of model reconstruction of the Roman Temple of Claudius, at Camulodunum (Colchester) - built by British slaves it was perceived as being a "citadel of eternal tyranny" as far as the native Trinovantes people were concerned. | | | A model reconstruction of the Roman Temple of Claudius, at Camulodunum - built by British slaves it was perceived as being a "citadel of eternal tyranny" as far as the native Trinovantes people were concerned. |
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http://www.sheshen-eceni.com/trino_vantes.html
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| | The Heroic Age: Brigantia, Cartimandua and Gwenhwyfar, N/B |
| | Higham ( 1987) believes that the massive fortifications at Stanwick were built by Cartimandua and it was occupied only during her reign. | | | Rheged, extending into Galloway and the Gododdin, was, at least for a time, ruled by the Coeling dynasty. | | | Other choices for Cartimandua's capital include Rigodunum (Castleshaw?), York, Barwick-in-Elmet, Camulodunum (Slack?), and Almondbury ( Webster 1993:90-93). |
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http://www.mun.ca/mst/heroicage/issues/1/habcg2.htm
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| | The Town - Garrison History |
| | It was during the period that Camulodunum, the fortress of Caumulos the war god, gave way to Colchester, the fortified town on the Colne. | | | Half a century or so before the birth of Christ what we now know as Essex was occupied by the Trinovantes whose capital was Camulodunum. | | | Feeling threatened by their western neighbours the Catuvellauni based on Verulamium (St Albans) the Trinovantes appealed to Caesar for support and in response he landed and campaigned in 55 and 54 BC. |
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http://www.colchester2020.com/garr_hist.htm
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| | oldest |
| | My home is close to what has recently been named Gosbeck's Archaeological Park, the epi-centre of Camulodunum, the ancient, pre-Roman, British name for Colchester. | | | This is evidenced by a passing remark made byone Pliny the Elder (Gaius Plinius Secundus) who was born around AD23 in northern Italy and died as a result of the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, in Southern Italy, which overwhelmed Pompei in AD79. | | | Excavated coins from the Trinovantian king Cunobelin's (died circa AD 42) reign referring to his father Tasciovanus, to mention just one written instance, not to mention pottery finds from 1000 years previous to that. |
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http://www.camulos.com/archaeol/oldest.htm
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| | Camulodunum |
| | The city was extended and a new temple built to the God-Emperor Claudius, but the city was levelled in the | | | It took at least 15 years for Camulodunum to recover from the ravages of Boudicca, by which time London had become the new provincial capital. | | | Around the year 5 AD Camulodunum fell to Cunobellinus (Shakespeare's Cymbeline) of the |
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http://www.britainexpress.com/History/roman/camulodunum.htm
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| | Encyclopedia of the Celts : Cabal - Cynon |
| | In modern times, some have thought it was Cadbury Castle (Somerset) where, as we know from archaeology, there was a leader's fortified dwelling during the Arthurian period. | | | In Roman times Colchester was called Camulodunum, which has a not-too-dissimilar sound. |
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http://www.celt.net/Celtic/celtopedia/c.html
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| | NodeWorks - Category Description for Encyclopedia |
| | Legio II Augusta, Legio XX Valeria Victrix, and Legio XIII Gemina move to Germany to replace Legio XIX and the others destroyed at Teutoberg. | | | The Catuvellauni attack the Trinovantes and capture Camulodunum. | | | Publius Quinctilius Varus, Roman general, at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, said to have committed suicide |
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http://pedia.nodeworks.com/9/desc.asp
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| | Camulus |
| | A Gaulish war god mentioned by the Romans, who associated them with Mars. | | | He gave his name to the Roman town of Camulodunum (Colchester). | | | Article created on 21 April 1997; last modified on 12 August 1997. |
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http://www.pantheon.org/articles/c/camulus.html
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| | Camelot |
| | Another possible site is Camel near Cadbury Castle in Somerset which has been connected with arthur by legend and to the "original" Arthur by archaelogy. | | | It may have taken from the Ronam Camulodunum, which means "Fort of Camulos," an ancient British war-god. | | | The aforementioned village of Camel may also have inspired the imagination of writers. |
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http://www.uidaho.edu/student_orgs/arthurian_legend/england/sites/camelot.htm
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| | King Arthur: The People |
| | Roman emperor who authorized the invasion of Britain (in 43) and who personally took the city of Camulodunum ( | | | For more than 300 years after Claudius came and went, Britain was a Roman province. |
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http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/4186/Arthur/htmlpages/kingarthurpeople.html
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| | [No title] |
| | Motion : This house believes that modern communications and computers are in the process of destroying civilisation. | | | Camulodunum - 2nd & 4th Mondays, 7.30 for 7.45 start, Marks Tey Hotel, Colchester (turn left off A12 near overhead bridge) Not bank holidays. |
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http://www.ipswichelectrifiers.org.uk/programs/25jul02.doc
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| | Camelot Village: Britain's Heritage and History |
| | Many historians speculate that Camulodunum gave rise to the legend of Camelot although this is disputed by those favouring areas to the West of England and in Wales. | | | Found in the South East of England the county covers an area of some 1,417 square miles and in Harwich provides a direct link, albeit over the sea, to Holland and the continent of Europe. | | | The main towns and cities of Essex are Chelmsford, the administration centre of Essex, Colchester, known in Roman times as Camulodunum, Harwich, Tilbury, Clacton and Southend-on-Sea. |
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http://www.camelotintl.com/heritage/counties/england/essex.html
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| | Roman Britain - Colchester |
| | Fitzpatrick A, 1986, Camulodunum and the early occupation of the south-east. | | | Fishwick D, 1995, The Temple of Divus Claudius at Camulodunum, Britannia xxvi 11-28 | | | Niblett R, 1985, Sheepen : an early Roman industrial site at Camulodunum, CBA Research Report No. 57, (Pp x + 176,ills ISBN 0906780462) |
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http://www.btinternet.com/~britannica/colchest.html
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| | City of Victory |
| | Burned to the ground by the Celtic warrior-queen Boudica, Camulodunum might have remained Britain's capital city had the Romans rebuilt it in the right place. | | | Any real estate agent will tell you that location is everything. |
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http://www.archaeology.org/0207/abstracts/colchester.html
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| | Roman Emperors - DIR Claudius |
| | [[16]] Claudius himself took part in the campaign, arriving in the war zone with an entourage of ex-consuls in the late summer of 43 A.D. After a parade at Camulodunum (Colchester) to impress the natives, he returned to Rome to celebrate a triumph in 44 A.D. His military credentials had been firmly established. | | | This move marked the first major addition to the territory of the Roman empire since the reign of Augustus. |
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http://www.roman-emperors.org/claudius.htm
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| | Total War Center Forums - == Historic Battles Project v2.6 == |
| | You will also find a new battle which is one of many famous battles Caesar fought against the Gauls. | | | Historic Battles (http://www.stratcommandcenter.com/ninjacool/battles.php) is here! Yet another update rolls onto the floor and this time its a big one at that with 5 edited maps which includes Silarus River, Watling Street, Cannae, Adrianople and Camulodunum being changed to better reflect the main goal of this project which is historic accuracy. | | | - tweak: Romans in Camulodunum has been made stronger while Briton units selection has changed slightly. |
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http://www.twcenter.net/forums/archive/index.php/t-8315.html
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