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| | List of battles 1400 BC-600 AD |
 | | Battle of Beth Horon[?] The Jewish rebel leader Judas Maccabeus[?] defeats the Seleucids. | | | Battle of Elasa[?] Jewish leader Judas Maccabeus[?] is defeated and killed by the Selucids army of Bacchides | | | Battle of Cape Ecnomus[?] A Carthaginian fleet under Hamilcar and Hanno is defeated in an attempt to stop a Roman invasion of Africa by Marcus Atilius Regulus. |
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http://www.fastload.org/li/List_of_battles_1400_BC-600_AD.html
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| | Sicilian War - Military History Wiki |
| | But the primary enemy, Syracuse, remained untouched, and in 405 BC Hannibal Mago led a second Carthaginian expedition, this time to claim the island in its entirety. | | | In 480 BC, Carthage launched a campaign against Greece to invade Sicily under general Hamilcar. | | | Although, in that year, the Iberian colonies seceded—cutting off Carthage's major supply of silver and copper—Hannibal Mago, the grandson of Hamilcar, began preparations to reclaim Sicily, while expeditions were also led into Morocco and Senegal, and also into the Atlantic. |
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http://www.militaryhistorywiki.org/index.php?title=Sicilian_War
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| | Silinus |
| | Much later, in 276 BC, when Pyrrhus attempted to liberate the Sicilian Greek cities from Punic subjugation, the now impoverished city of Selinus revolted and joined him but gained nothing as the Carthaginians allied themselves with Rome and turned back the Pyrrhic invasion. | | | After 409 BC Selinus was no longer a viable political or economic entity. | | | The Carthaginians immediately saw this dispute among the Greeks as an opportunity to attack the weakened Greek part of Sicily, and in 409 BC, they invaded the island, supposedly in aid of Segesta against Selinus.. |
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http://idcs0100.lib.iup.edu/AncGreece/silinus.htm
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| | The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: Carthage @ HighBeam Research |
| | BC the Carthaginians established themselves on Sardinia, Malta, and the Balearic Islands. | | | Deep divisions among the Carthaginian political parties, however, gave Rome (and particularly Cato the Elder) the pretext to fight the Third Punic War (149-146 BC), which ended with the total destruction of Carthaginian power and the razing of the city by Scipio Africanus Minor. | | | After Scipio had won (202) the battle of Zama, Carthage sued for peace. |
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http://www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1E1:CarthageAf&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf
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| | CARTHAGE AND ITS COINAGE |
| | Traditionally described as having been founded circa 814 BC by Phoenicians from Tyre, Carthage became a great mercantile state and seapower that carried out extensive trade around the Mediterranean. | | | Barcids in Spain, AE 12, 237-228 BC, 1.6 gm, Villaronga 114 | | | North Africa coast, Sardinia, western Sicily, Balearic Islands, and Malta |
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http://ancient-coins.com/articles/carthage/carthage2.htm
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| | Greeks versus Persians |
| | They tried to convince the Spartans that in the long run the Athenians were every bit as dangerous to Greek freedom and prosperity as the Persians had once been. | | | Moreover, fear of possible Persian reprisals led many of these cities to unite behind Athens in a defensive alliance, the Delian League (478-454 BC), to which every member contributed money or ships to be disposed by Athens in the common interest. | | | By 494 BC the Ionian city of Miletus, which had rebelled against Persian rule was subdued and its population deported. |
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http://mars.acnet.wnec.edu/~grempel/courses/wc1/lectures/06greeks.html
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| | DBA Battle Scenarios |
| | Don't forget to name the battle and identify the year in which it was fought (even if fictional or speculative). | | | 1200 BC) -- New Kingdom Egyptians vs. Midianite Arabs. | | | Song of Deborah (Battle of Tannach) (1125 BC) -- Early Hebrew vs. Later Canaanites. |
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http://www.fanaticus.org/DBA/battles
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| | Viaggia.com - |
| | Under the tyrant Theron II, it was an ally of Syracuse in the victorious battle against the Carthaginians at Himera in 480 BC. | | | The city was founded as Akragas by settlers from Gela in 581 BC. | | | The affluence of the city stalled under the Byzantine successors to the Romans, and the decline continued under the Arabs who conquered the city in 827, calling it Girgenti. |
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http://viaggia.com/destinations/agrigento.html
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| | Battle of Himera (480 BC) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | This article about a historical battle is a stub. | | | The Battle of Himera (480 BC), supposedly fought on the same day as the more famous Battle of Salamis, saw the Greek forces of Gelon, King of Syracuse, and Theron, the sole ruler of Agrigentum, defeating the Carthaginian force of Hamilcar, ending the Carthaginian threat to the Greek colonies on the island. | | | Herodotus maintains that Hamilcar, unable to obtain a favorable omen during his many sacrifices that day and having heard that his army was on the brink of defeat, leaped into the flames. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Himera_(480_BC)
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| | Wars of Carthage and Syracuse |
| | By 398 BC Dionysius felt strong enough to launch an attack against one of the Carthaginian strongholds. | | | Carthage found that she had lost all she had gained since her original invasion of 409 BC. | | | After seizing Himera in a furious assault and slaughtering its inhabitants, the victorious Carthaginian leader returned to Carthage, leaving his forces in firm control of the entire area to the north and west of the captured cities. |
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http://www.boglewood.com/sicily/carthage.html
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| | Whither Hannibal |
| | The survivors of the battle fled to either Termini or Caccamo. | | | This time, the Carthaginians defeated the Greeks and destroyed Himera. | | | My father would not have immigrated to the United States, and I would not be reading this paper tonight. |
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http://www.chilit.org/QUATT4.htm
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| | Archaelogy of Carthage |
| | The rise of Carthage as mistress of the seas and commerce is associated with the Phoenicians. | | | Following the defeat of Himera, Carthage adopted an isolationist policy. | | | Upon his return to Carthage, he erected a stone tablet at the temple to the god Baal; here he described his voyage in the Punic language. |
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http://vergil.classics.upenn.edu/comm2/places/carthage.html
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| | Temples At Agrigento |
| | Never finished, it collapsed in an earthquake and was later used as a quarry. | | | This temple was to have been one of the largest in the Greek world. | | | It was built to celebrate the Greek victory over Carthage at the battle of Himera (480 BC). |
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http://www.art-and-archaeology.com/doric/agr16.html
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| | Virtual History of Sicily |
| | 282 BC The Italian invasion of Sicily begins as former mercenaries from mainland Italy seize Messina | | | 735 BC Chalcidians of Euboea begin Greek settlement of Sicily by establishing the city of Naxos on the eastern coast | | | -301 BC Carthage, allied with the Siculi and Phoenician cities of Sicily, commences a century of debilitating and indecisive wars with Syracuse |
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http://www.boglewood.com/sicily/home.html
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| | TVM Entry Floor: Classic Period Greek Art |
| | With Ionian support, the wars continue under the leadership of Athens, which founds the Delian League. | | | With the Corinthian League, peace is imposed on the Greek states under the leadership of Macedonia. | | | In 356 BC Philip II of Macedonia begins his systematic conquest of Greece, completed in 338 BC at Chaeronea. |
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http://www.tigtail.org/TIG/M_View/TVM/E/Ancient/Greek/Greek-art/greek-4.classic.html
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| | Main regions of Italy including Tuscany, Veneto, Campania, Piedmont, Lombardi and Sicily |
| | BC historian Thucydides the ancient city was founded in 734-733 BC by a group of Corinthian settlers led by the oecist Archias. | | | Following his death he was succeeded by Hieron II, who remained in power for over 50 years (269-215 BC). | | | The architect of the victory was the democratic faction, which took control of the town. |
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http://www.discoveritaly.net/regions/city.asp?CITY_ID=95
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| | Perseus Lookup Tool |
| | In 480 B.C. the Carthaginians were thoroughly defeated by a Greek army led by Theron and his brother-in-law Gelon. | | | 485 B.C. Gelon removed the Syracusan Gamoroi from this city and brought them back to their home city, from which they had been expelled by the people in league with the slaves. | | | Further, Hamilcar of Carthage, called in by the tyrants of Himera and Rhegion, counted upon the aid of Selinus against Theron of Akragas and Gelon of Syracuse in the Battle of Himera (480 BC). |
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http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/vor?target=en,1&collection=Any&lookup=Gelon&formentry=1&template=&searchText=&alts=1&extern=1&doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0002;2394;65535&doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0062;1576;13130675&doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0039;923;817026&doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0040;1139;1928164&doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0004;4048;5806160&doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0048;918;124462&doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0041;924;4501079&doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0042;919;331721&doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0043;965;4817651&doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0054;2031;2570557&doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0006;5253;9153903&group=work&.cgifields=alts&.cgifields=group&.cgifields=extern&.cgifields=type
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| | InfoAkragas.html |
| | (5) 430 BC Temple of Vulcan (or Hephaestus). | | | Founded in 581 BC by people from Gela, Rhodes, Crete and other islands. | | | Originally a temple of about 480-460 BC (perhaps after the battle of Himera) |
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http://www.bio.vu.nl/home/vwielink/WWW_MGC/Area_II_map/Akragas_map/InfoAkragas.html
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| | ninemsn Encarta - Sicily |
| | In 246 bc Carthaginian Sicily became a Roman province during the first Punic War, as did the rest of the island in 210 bc. | | | In 410 bc war was renewed between Carthaginians and Greeks for possession of the island. | | | The Carthaginians first arrived on the island in 536 bc, but because of the growing wealth and power of the Greek cities, they were long confined to the north-west; the principal Carthaginian colonies were Panormus, Motya, and Solois. |
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http://au.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761564985/Sicily.html
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| | HELLAS:NET - Warfare |
| | This Athenian man was very rebellious in his youth but eventually he chose for a career in politics were his natural slyness was the most useful. | | | Themistocles had broken Xerxes' fleet and his nerve. | | | The battle begins when the stern of a Phoenician ship is ripped off the rest of the ship. |
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http://monolith.dnsalias.org/~marsares/warfare/battle/salamis.html
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| | Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! |
| | Early in the 5th century the tyrant Terillus, who had been driven out of Himera by Theron of Acragas, encouraged an unsuccessful Carthaginian invasion of Sicily, which ended in the death of Hamilcar at the Battle of Himera in 480 | | | Four years later, the citizens of Himera appealed to Hieron of Syracuse for aid against the oppressive rule of Theron's son, Thrasydaeus, but this only led to the citizens' massacre by Theron and a resettlement of the town with Dorians. | | | Himera was finally destroyed in 409 by Hamilcar's grandson Hannibal. |
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http://www.britannica.com/ebc/print_toc?tocId=9040495
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| | Time line |
| | Battle of Himera: The Carthaginians attack Greek colonies on Sicily | | | Battle of Cumae: Etruscan attack on the colonies of Magna Graecia | | | Battle of Thermopylae: Xerxes attacks Greece - Part of the Persian War |
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http://www.hoplites.co.uk/html/timeline.html
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| | Ancient Greek Battles |
| | 431 - 421 BC The Peloponnesian War I | | | Spartan Allied War 224-222 BC First Macedonian War | | | 415 - 404 BC The Peloponnesian War II Sept 23 |
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http://www.ancientgreekbattles.net/battles.htm
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| | Messina Post-Congress Tour |
| | In 409 BC Selinunte became involved in a war between Syracuse and Athens, when the Greek metropolis sent an expedition to punish the Sicilian cities that sided against her on behalf of Syracuse. | | | Syracuse flourished unhindered after Hieron's victory (with the help of the Agrigentans) over the Carthaginians at Himera, near present-day Termini Imerese, in 480 BC, and soon became the most important Greek city in Sicily, both economically and politically. | | | This brutal massacre marked the end of Selinunte's glory and freedom, and although the city was repopulated to some extent by the Carthiginians, the city never regained its former beauty, power or prestige. |
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http://www.mediterraneanstudies.org/ms/messinapostcongresstour.htm
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| | Main regions of Italy including Tuscany, Veneto, Campania, Piedmont, Lombardi and Sicily |
| | This is where the Phoenicians arrived in the 8 | | | In 480 BC Palermo, together with Carthage, fought in the epic Battle of Himera, which saw the Phoenicians and the Greeks of Sicily pitched one against the other. | | | In the First Punic War, Palermo was one of the most important strategic points in the Carthaginian defenses, and it took an active part against the Romans, who however finally defeated the city in 251 BC. |
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http://www.discoveritaly.net/regions/city.asp?CITY_ID=88
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| | Hamilcar (disambiguation) - WCD (Wiki Classical Dictionary) |
| | Killed at the Battle of Himera in 480 BC. | | | This page was last modified 06:47, 28 Jun 2005. | | | This is a disambiguation page, listing pages that might otherwise share the same title. |
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http://www.ancientlibrary.com/wcd/Hamilcar_(disambiguation)
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| | Articles - Hamilcar |
| | Hamilcar, son of Gisgo and grandson to Hanno the Great, led a campaign against Syracuse between 311 BC and 307 BC in the Third Sicilian War, before his capture and execution | | | A Hamilcar led the Carthaginian forces at the Battle of Himera in 480 BC during the First Sicilian War | | | Hamilcar Barca (about 270 - 228 BC) served as a Carthaginian general during and after the First Punic War (264 - 241 BC). |
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http://www.lastring.com/articles/Hamilcar
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| | Preperation for battle |
| | While the horsehair-crested helmets and the scarlet cloaks restored what they could of the old wall, the first strikes of battle were being waged at sea. | | | Many years of preperation had allowed Xerxes to strike at Greece in a double horned attack. | | | In the summer of 480 BC, while Xerxes moved into Greece, the event that would lead to the battle of Himera started to take place. |
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http://www.ancientgreekbattles.net/Pages/Main03.htm
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| | Palermo Travel, History, Culture, Art, Palermo Restaurants, Hotels - Best of Sicily |
| | The Greeks called the city Panormos, meaning "all port." The Latin name, still used in Catholic Church documents well into the nineteenth century, was Panormus. | | | The Punic Wars followed, and the city was part of the Roman Empire from 253 BC. | | | Archeologists generally agree that the Phoenicians were compelled to develop these cities because they were forced out of eastern Sicily by the Greeks, but this civilization's presence in western Sicily seemed inevitable. |
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http://www.bestofsicily.com/palermo.htm
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| | Sicily Region - Sicily for Tourists - History of Mozia |
| | After the Carthaginians were defeated in the Battle of Himera (480 BC) it went through a moment of decline but prospered again at the end of the same century when the boundary wall which already surrounded the whole island was strengthened. | | | When hostilities again broke out between Greeks and Carthaginians, Motya was attacked by Dionysius I of Syracuse, who conquered and destroyed the city. | | | Motya very soon became one of the most important trading stations in the ancient world. |
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http://www.regione.sicilia.it/turismo/web_turismo/sicilia/uk/localita/storia.asp?id=350
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| | The Little I Could Find on Carthage's Kings |
| | Later that year, he had to flee Sicily from the Greeks in disgrace, and subsequently killed himself. | | | He died at the Battle of Cronion, against the Syracusan army in southern Italy. | | | Said to have sailed down the African coast as far as Sierra Leone. |
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http://www.ancientworlds.net/aw/Post/255364&authorid=802
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| | Abbeys Bookshop - Cambridge Ancient History V6: The Fourth Century BC |
| | Carthage from the battle at Himera to Agathocles' invasion, 480-308 BC G. Ch. | | | Volume VI of the new edition of The Cambridge Ancient History begins with Sparta attempting to consolidate its leadership of mainland Greece and ends with the death of Alexander the Great after he had conquered the Persian Empire and marched far into India. | | | South Italy in the fourth century BC Nicholas Purcell |
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http://www.abbeys.com.au/items/07/00/52
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| | Dunbabin The Western Greeks Book #20957 |
| | The Western Greeks: The History of Sicily and South Italy from the Foundation of the Greek Colonies to 480 B.C. Dunbabin, T.J. Oxford University Press (Clarendon Press), 1999 (reprint of 1948 edition). |
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http://www.powellschicago.com/html/reprints/20957.html
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