|
| |
| | AUSTRIA-HUNGARY - LoveToKnow Article on AUSTRIA-HUNGARY |
 | | This had been originally organized in a series of departments: Aulic chanceries for Austria, for Hungary and Transylvania, a general Aulic chamber for finance, domains, mines, trade, post, andc., an Aulic council of war, a general directory of accounts, and a chancery of the household, court and state. | | | The next Turkish war was the direct outcome of Leopolds policy in Hungary, where the persecution of the Protestants and the suppression of the constitution in 658, led to a widespread conspiracy. | | | Though, however, Austria by her diplomatic attitude had secured, without striking a blow, the settlement in her sense of the Eastern Question, she emerged from the contest without allies and without friends. |
|
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/A/AU/AUSTRIA_HUNGARY.htm
(20402 words)
|
|
| |
| | Austria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Religious freedom was declared a constitutional right as early as 1867 and Austria-Hungary was home of numerous religions beside Roman Catholicism such as Greek, Serbian, Romanian, Russian, and Bulgarian Orthodox Christians, Jews, Muslims (Austria neighboured the Ottoman empire for centuries), Mormons and both Calvinists and Lutheran Protestants. | | | Labour movements are particularly strong in Austria and have large influence on labour politics. | | | It borders Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria
(3230 words)
|
|
| |
| | HUNGARY - LoveToKnow Article on HUNGARY |
| | Hungary herself was now directly menaced, and the very circumstances which had facilitated the advance of the Turks, enfeebled the potential resistance of the Magyars. | | | It was as much as Matthias could do to keep the civic life of Hungary from expiring altogether, and nine-tenths of his burgesses were foreigners with no political interest in the country of their adoption. | | | The Orthodox Eastern Church in Hungary is subject to the authority of the metropolitan of Carlowitz and the archbishop of Nagyszebcn (Hermannstadt); under the former arc the bishops of Bflcs, Btida, Temesvr, Versecz and Pakrcz, and under the latter the bishops of Arad and Karflnsebes. |
|
http://3.1911encyclopedia.org/H/HU/HUNGARY.htm
(19543 words)
|
|
| |
| | Comparison of Austria and Hungary |
| | Austria was the fourth largest source of DFI in Hungary, comprising 11 percent of the total amount invested in the 1990s, according to the Ministry of Economic Affairs. | | | The CIA estimates that Austria’s per capita income in 2000 was approximately $25,000, placing it amongst the wealthiest nations in the world. | | | Currently, Hungary is considered to be a front-runner amongst Eastern European applicant states seeking membership in the EU. |
|
http://econc10.bu.edu/economic_systems/Country_comparisons/Austria_Hungary.htm
(6383 words)
|
|
| |
| | MSN Encarta - Austria-Hungary |
| | His actions brought an end to Austria-Hungary and to the Habsburg monarchy. | | | In Hungary, the long-repressed critics of the compromise, mainly the non-Magyar peoples who resented the rule of the Magyars, could no longer be silenced. | | | The dual monarchy seemed to be close to breaking apart, especially in 1905 when, in Hungary, the defenders of the 1867 compromise were defeated at the polls. |
|
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761579967_2/Austria-Hungary.html
(1375 words)
|
|
| |
| | The Doomed Empire -The creation of Austria and Hungary |
| | With Austria and Hungary united, but still retaining their own individual constitutional structures, it was inevitable that the subjugated peoples within the borders of the Empire, particularly in Eastern Europe, would start agitating for similar independence, imitating the arrangement between Austria and Hungary. | | | In February 1934, the Communists were outlawed, and later in that same year all other parties - including the fledgling Austrian Nazi party - were banned. | | | Austria also maintained a very high degree of racial homogeneity through all these events - the major factor contributing to her ability to survive. |
|
http://www.white-history.com/hwr39ii.htm
(1891 words)
|
|
| |
| | Austria |
| | Austria, shorn of Hungary, was proclaimed a republic in 1918, and the monarchy was dissolved in 1919. | | | Austria - Austria Profile: People and History, Government, Political Conditions, Economy, Foreign Relations, U.S.-Austrian Relations | | | The European Union condemned Austria's new coalition, froze diplomatic contacts, and imposed sanctions, accusing Haider of being a racist, xenophobe, and Nazi-sympathizer. |
|
http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107301.html
(1069 words)
|
|
| |
| | Austria-Hungary - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Though Hungary's leaders showed on the whole less willingness than their German Austrian counterparts to share power with their subject minorities, they granted (it is argued) a large measure of autonomy to the kingdom of Croatia in 1868, parallelling to some extent their own accommodation within the Empire the previous year. | | | In Austria and Hungary, separate republics were declared at the end of the war in November. | | | Ill prepared attempts by Karl to regain the throne in Budapest (March, October 1921) collapsed when the initially wavering Horthy, who had received threats of intervention from the Allied powers and neighboring countries, refused his cooperation. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria-Hungary
(3263 words)
|
|
| |
| | Decades History Timelines - WWI (1914) |
| | Austria-Hungary's ensuing declaration of war on Serbia is considered the beginning of The Great War (World War I). | | | The heir to the throne of Austria, Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophia, are assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia by a Serbian Nationalist. | | | Top > Wars and Conflicts > World War I (The Great War) > WWI (1914) |
|
http://www.decades.com/Timeline/n/1788.htm
(337 words)
|
|
| |
| | Istria on the Internet - Heraldy - Austria-Hungary |
| | The former Kingdom of Hungary was the Eastern part of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire. | | | The unity of the monarchy was expressed in the common head of the state, who bore the title Emperor of Austria and Apostolic King of Hungary, and in the common administration of a series of affairs, which affected both halves of the Dual Monarchy. | | | The arms were first used in the arms of King Mathias of Hungary, as a claim for the territory in 1475. |
|
http://www.istrianet.org/istria/heraldry/austria-hungary
(4057 words)
|
|
| |
| | The July Crisis: Austria-Hungary |
| | Within these limits, which she had imposed upon herself, she must, however, insist that the controversy with Serbia should be carried through as a question directly concerning Austria- Hungary and this State [viz., Serbia]. | | | From the beginning, the [Austro-Hungarian] Government met the apprehensions of the [European] Powers with the assurance that the Monarchy would not go beyond what was necessary for the protection of her own interests, and did not propose any annexation of territory. | | | The request made by Russia for an extension of the time given to Serbia for answering our demands would have given the [Serbian] Government an opportunity for new subterfuges and for further procrastination, and would have opened the door to the interference of single Powers in the interests of Serbia. |
|
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~jobrien/reference/ob83.html
(1051 words)
|
|
| |
| | Austria in 1914 |
| | Austria and Hungary shared the same currency but other state functions rested with the national governments. | | | Union between Austria and Hungary took place in 1867. | | | Overall political authority was held by Emperor Franz Josef. |
|
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWinAustria.htm
(334 words)
|
|
| |
| | Carl Savich Columns serbianna.com |
| | The ethnic German population of Serbia was settled during the reign of Maria Theresa, the archduchess of Austria and the queen of Hungary and Bohemia, who was in power from 1740 to 1780. | | | The Horthy regime feared huge Serbian preparations for an uprising against Hungary. The regime disseminated warnings of the Serbian danger; the Serbs were perceived as the enemy and saw the Serbian resistance movement and insurgency as the Serbian nationalistic plot. Jews were seen as the Serbian accessories. | | | Vojvodina was annexed to a Greater Hungary where 4,620 Vojvodina Serbs and 3,310 Jews were killed from 1941 to 1944. |
|
http://www.serbianna.com/columns/savich/058.shtml
(6306 words)
|
|
| |
| | Managing cultural, ethnic and religious diversities - Discussion Paper 50 |
| | These two clauses, which were not binding on Hungary since they were adopted only in the Slovak Parliament, were demanded by coalition deputies, purportedly in order to clear up confusion over the interpretation of the Council of Europe's Recommendation No. 1201, stipulating that ethnic minorities be given political autonomy. | | | The newly appointed Czechoslovak Ambassador to Hungary had held negotiations in Hungary in 1918, according to which (a) Hungarians in Slovak lands would have autonomy and their own Parliament, which would be connected with the Parliament in Hungary, and (b) the border between the two countries would more or less follow along ethnic lines. | | | Since Hungary was on the losing side in the war, its government did not have the wherewithal to prevent the incorporation of Slovakia in a future Czechoslovak State. |
|
http://www.unesco.org/most/ronen.htm
(15999 words)
|
|
| |
| | Austrian-Hungarian Immigrants |
| | In 1867 Austria and Hungary united under the leadership of Emperor Franz Josef. | | | Slovaks from the north-eastern corner of Hungary were another group that emigrated to the United States in large numbers. | | | Many went to America to escape the policy of Magyarization imposed by the Hungarian government. |
|
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAEah.htm
(642 words)
|
|
| |
| | Hungary |
| | MEP = Magyar Élet Pártija (Party of Hungarian Life, est.1939 by Teleki); MMP = Magyar Megújulás Pártja (Party of Magyar Renewal, right-wing); MKP = Magyar Kommunista Párt (Hungarian Communist Party, 1919-18 Oct 1944 named Party of the Communists in Hungary [KMP]; | | | Mar 1241 - 1243 Mongol occupation in eastern Hungary. | | | Jul 1849- Aug 1849 Russian intervention on behalf of Austria. |
|
http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Hungary.htm
(3860 words)
|
|
| |
| | AUSTRIA NTDB OVERSEAS BUSINESS REPORTS access provided by UM-St. Louis Libraries |
| | Austria's trade policy is also greatly influenced by its economic and financial obligations to other countries as a result of its membership in the GATT and other organizations, including the United Nations, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD). | | | Austria's principal newspapers include the conservative and comprehensive Die Presse with a circulation of about 80,000; the Neue Kronen Zeitung, Austria's tabloid-like daily with a circulation density that is the highest in the Western World; and the Kurier, a moderate newspaper with a daily circulation of about 450,000. | | | Austria has a long history of local and provincial loyalty, which is reflected to a considerable extent in the federal form of government. |
|
http://www.umsl.edu/services/govdocs/obr/obr_0020.htm
(19118 words)
|
|
| |
| | EUROPA - Enlargement : Candidate Country: Hungary |
| | Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe, bounded on the north by Slovakia; on the north-east by Ukraine; on the east by Romania; on the south by Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia; and on the west by Austria. | | | Hungary will thus be the third new Member State holding the Referendum after Malta and Slovenia. | | | On 19 September 2002, all parliamentary parties and the government concluded a Joint Declaration on Hungary's accession to the EU. |
|
http://europa.eu.int/comm/enlargement/hungary
(10126 words)
|
|
| |
| | Hi23 Web Gallery |
| | Largely motivated by pan-Slavism, Serbian statesmen hope to unite all ethnic Serbs (including those living in Austria-Hungary) under Serbian rule and create a state that will control the Balkans | | | The Austro-Hungarian Empire is a federal state tat consists of Austria (ruled by ethnic Germans) and Hungary (ruled by ethnic Hungarians) which both share the same emperor (Franz-Josef), the same army, and several other important institutions | | | See: Map of Ethnic/Linguistic Composition of Austria-Hungary, 1914 in Robert Paxton, Europe in the Twentieth Century, p. |
|
http://www.anselm.edu/academic/history/hdubrulle/20cEurope/text/generalinfo/gallery/gallery01.htm
(989 words)
|
|
| |
| | MSN Encarta - Austria-Hungary |
| | The people of Austria and the non-Magyar peoples of Hungary were not consulted. | | | Austria and Hungary were united as a result of the compromise (known in German as the Ausgleich) of March 1867. | | | It was established in 1867 under Francis Joseph I, the emperor of Austria and king of Hungary. |
|
http://ca.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761579967/Austria-Hungary.html
(1382 words)
|
|
| |
| | Austria-Hungary |
| | Though Hungary's leaders were on the whole willing than their German Austrian counterparts to power with their subject minorities they granted large measure of autonomy to the kingdom Croatia in 1868 parallelling to some extent their own within the Empire the previous year. | | | Hungarian dissatisfaction partially from Austria's suppression with Russian support of the Hungarian liberal revolution of 1848- 1849. | | | The "Lands" of the Transleithanian half the Empire were the Kingdoms of Hungary and of Croatia and Slavonia and the State of Rijeka. |
|
http://www.freeglossary.com/Austro_-_Hungary
(2659 words)
|
|
| |
| | Austria - Biocrawler definition:Austria - Biocrawler |
| | Prior to the Holocaust, about 200,000 Jews lived in Austria. | | | Austria has been a federal, parliamentary democracy republic since the Federal Constitution of 1920, which was again reintroduced in 1945 to the nine states of the Federal Republic. | | | The chairman of the Federal Government is the Federal Chancellor, who is appointed by the president and voted into office by the majority of the Nationalrat, the National Council of Austria. |
|
http://www.biocrawler.com/biowiki/Austria
(2277 words)
|
|
| |
| | AUSTRIA - HUNGARY |
| | Austria began as a frontier land of Charlemagne's empire and rose to be the chief German state, ruling many neighboring peoples. | | | Austria, however, did fight as well as marry. | | | Austria's rise to power began with the Babenberg dynasty, which began when Leopold I became Margrave of Austria in 976. |
|
http://horsecare.stablemade.com/_articles/austria-hungary.htm
(1194 words)
|
|
| |
| | Modern History Sourcebook: Count von Beust: Memoirs of the Ausgleich, 1867 |
| | The Emperor of Austria is King of Hungary; my idea was that he should revive in his person the Constitution of which he and his ancestors have been the heads. | | | Of Austria's large Slav population, the Poles have a natural craving for independence after having enjoyed and heroically fought for it for centuries; while the other nationalities are likely at a moment of dangerous crisis to develop pro-Russian tendencies. | | | Hungary] has a pedigree of centuries; and its constitutional principle was asserted in the earliest times. |
|
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1867beust.html
(706 words)
|
|
| |
| | Austria-Hungary and the LFT |
| | This squad was the first dedicated fighter squad organized in the service and was put under the command of Austria's leading ace, Godwin Brumowski. | | | This constraint can be demonstrated by production numbers: During the war Austria produced approximately 5000 airframes and 4000 engines. | | | He was eventually driven from his former domains and passed away in Portugal in 1922, still refusing to give up his claims of Austro-Hungarian sovereignty. |
|
http://www.swwisa.net/kuklft
(770 words)
|
|
| |
| | Social Research: The changing facets of Hungarian nationalism - Nationalism Reexamined |
| | At the end of the seventeenth century, Hungary was liberated from the Turks by the Austrian Empire and became one of the countries ruled by the Hapsburg dynasty. | | | Hungary's position in the Hapsburg Empire was one of harmony and conflict. | | | In 1920, historical Hungary ceased to exist, and in the new reduced territory of the Hungarian state, ethnic Hungarians made up 90 percent of the population and 3 million Hungarians lived in the neighboring countries. |
|
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2267/is_n1_v63/ai_18501094
(1323 words)
|
|
| |
| | Treaties of Peace Between the US and Germany, Austria and Hungary |
| | Considering that the Treaty of Trianon to which Hungary is a party was signed on June 4, 1920, and came into force according to the terms of its Article 364, but has not been ratified by the United States; | | | Considering that the Treaty of St. Germain-en-Laye to which Austria is a party was signed on September lo, 19l9, and came into force according to the terms of its Article 381, but has not been ratified by the United States; | | | By a proclamation of the President signed November 14, 1921, war between the United States and Germany was declared to have terminated July 2, 1921. |
|
http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/wwi/1918p/ahgtreaty.html
(1599 words)
|
|
| |
| | Hungary Postwar Political and Economic Conditions - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System |
| | Hungary also lost about 60 percent of its prewar population, and about one-third of the 10 million ethnic Hungarians found themselves outside the diminished homeland. | | | Hungary's signing of the Treaty of Trianon on June 4, 1920, ratified the country's dismemberment, limited the size of its armed forces, and required reparations payments. | | | The territorial provisions of the treaty, which ensured continued discord between Hungary and its neighbors, required the Hungarians to surrender more than two-thirds of their prewar lands (see fig. |
|
http://workmall.com/wfb2001/hungary/hungary_history_postwar_political_and_economic_conditions.html
(399 words)
|
|
| |
| | Austria , Austro-Hungarian Monarchy-- Primary Documents |
| | Documenting not only the history of the cloisters themselves, but developments in church, state and society in Austria since the Early Middle Ages. | | | Including essays of important economic thinkers from Austria, England, France, Germany, Italy, and other countries. | | | Austrian constitution, including articles 23a-23f regarding the relationship of Austria to the European Union. |
|
http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/eurodocs/austria.html
(540 words)
|
|
|
