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| | JewishEncyclopedia.com - SPAIN |
 | | Upon the death of Abdallah, 'Abd al-Mu'min took the leadership and endeavored with sword and brand to exterminate the Almoravides as political and religious enemies. | | | In the terrific battle of Zallaḳa (Oct., 1086), in which Jews fought bravely both in the Christian and in the Moorish army, Yusuf won a victory and the sovereign power. | | | In the same year in which the Second Crusade brought new distress to the German Jews, 'Abd al-'Mu'min passed over to southern Spain in order to wrest that country from the Almoravides. |
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http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=992&letter=S
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| | Jewish Morocco |
| | Jewish scholars migrated to the Almoravide empire, producing some of the religious writings associated with the "Golden Age" of the Jews. | | | Unlike the Almoravides, they did not take the Jews under their protection. | | | Although Jews were not allowed to enter Marrakesh at night, they had sufficient freedom to move throughout Morocco and Spanish Andalucia. |
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http://rickgold.home.mindspring.com/page8.html
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| | Chapter 3: A History of Aragon and Catalonia |
| | This equilibrium, [35] such as it was, was eventually upset by the Almoravid invasions of 1086 to 1092, after which occupation of territory rather than the imposition of tribute became once more the Christian ideal. | | | His authority over the Moorish taifas collapsed incontinently; Yusuf had united Islam and it was no [45] longer possible to deal with petty princes separately: there was a distinct possibility that the Christians might be driven back to the mountains of the north. | | | But when Yusuf attacked Toledo in 1097, the Cid sent a force to the aid of Alfonso and with it his son Diego, who was killed in the defeat which the Castilian forces suffered at Consuegra. |
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http://libro.uca.edu/chaytor/hac3.htm
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| | Book Six |
| | Moreover he said, that seeing they were displeased with what he had done, he would take no farther trouble upon him; but would send to break off his covenant with the Cid, and send to bid him look out for others to collect his payments, for he would have the charge no longer. | | | As many as could fled out of the town, and delivered themselves up to the Christians to be made prisoners. | | | The sons of Aboegib were offended also: and they and the Almoravides placed their love upon each other, and took counsel together against him, and became of one party, and they bare great hatred against him, and he against them. |
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http://angevin.org/booksix.htm
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| | Abdelaziz: Moroccan history. Antiquity. Middle Ages. Islam. Modern Morocco. Protectorate. Independance. |
| | The Almoravides finished in 1080 unifying western and middle Maghreb, from the Atlantic Ocean to Algiers and from the Mediterranean Sea to the Sahara. | | | They won afterwards the Zallaqa battle against the Christian Spaniards in 1086, and by taking Balensa (Valencia) in 1102 and Saraqosta (Sargasso) in 1110, they dominated Andalucy of which they took Ichbilia (Seville) as the capital. | | | In 1158, the Almohads finished what the Almoravides had started: the unification of the Maghreb, from the Atlantic Ocean to Tripoli; their Empire had been better organized and they had important and powerful armies and navy and a strong unit of money. |
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http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Heights/7511/MorHistE.htm
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| | Travel Africa! |
| | In 1145, a new group of Berber puritans led their troops down from the Atlas mountians into the fertile valley of Marrakech: The Almohads. | | | It didn't take them much longer to subdue the whole of Morocco and a big part of Spain. | | | It was to control most of Morocco for the coming centuries. |
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http://www.travelafrica.biz/articles/anmviewer.asp?a=18&print=yes
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| | Seville |
| | Later, after the Berber invasion (1013), Seville served as a refuge for Jews who were fleeing persecution. | | | When Seville was reconquered by the Christians (1248), the Jews welcomed them with open arms. | | | Under the Almoravides, the Jewish community in Seville prospered, but as in other parts of Andalusia, the Almohade conquest brought death and destruction. |
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http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/Seville.html
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| | Almoravides (Black Riders) |
| | Camels are not extensively recorded outside of Africa although some historians record their use at the Battle of Sagrajas, where an Almoravide/Andalusian alliance annihilated the Christian army and set the seal on a continued Almoravide presence in Espana. | | | The Black robed Murabbitin or Lamtuna were noted for their clothing, which could be green, but was usually black and their discipline. | | | Almoravides made much use of local 'converts' so the Coastal Berbers can be painted in customary Arab colours with the Andalusians even being quite colourful. |
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http://warflute.org/armies/almoravides_black_riders_luxor_army.html
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| | History of Africa - Free Encyclopedia |
| | Eventually the Turks, who had conquered Constantinople in 1453, and had seized Egypt in 1517, established the regencies of Algeria, Tunisia and Tripoli (between 1519 and 1551), Morocco remaining an independent Arabized Berber state under the Sharifan dynasty, which had its beginnings at the end of the 13th century. | | | However, early in the 10th century the Fatimid dynasty established itself in Egypt, where Cairo had been founded AD 968, and from there ruled as far west as the Atlantic. | | | Later still arose other dynasties such as the Almoravides and Almohades. |
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http://www.wacklepedia.com/h/hi/history_of_africa.html
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| | Welcome to Morocco and to Casablanca |
| | However, it was the Sultan Moulay Ismail (1672 – 1727) who chose the city as this capital and it is to him that it owes much of its prestige. | | | The additions to the medina known as Fes el Bali (Ancient Fes) are the work of later dynasties, from the Almoravides to the wall Alaouite sharifs. | | | The history of the city is rich in adventure and events which reflect the socio-economic dynamic of the region. |
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http://www.padsg2001.s5.com/Welcom_to_Morocco.htm
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| | The Tourist Guide of Marrakesh |
| | Famous by the Place Jamâa El Fna, the key city of Almoravides is based towards 1070 and has for objective the control of the outlets of the quite close Atlas. | | | It is of this rudimentary camp that leave the first military conquests. | | | Marrakesh gave its name in Morocco; if it is not any more the capital of it, if its prestige knew many heights and in the bottom since a millennium, according to the ruling dynasties, the " pearl of the South " always benefits from a privileged geographic situation. |
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http://www.travel-in-morocco.com/marrakechguidetouristiquegb.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | Secretly aid Christians in the north with information about fortifying the city | | | 1121 - Citizens rebel against Almoravides – civil war ensues | | | Century - Almoravides take over and topple the Taifas |
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http://doc.union.edu/~cordoba/team2
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| | Moroccan Sahara |
| | The kingdom of Morocco has always included the northern part of the Sahara and during the Almoravides rule (XIth century) extended even more southwards to include what it now Mauritania, Gambia and Senegal. | | | Obvious examples are the Almoravides whose sultan “Youssef Ibn Tachfine” came from the Lamtuna tribe; a large branch of the Senhaja nomadic tribal federation, centered in Western Sahara (Spencer, 26). | | | The Alaouites came from Tafilelt; an important oasis region in the Sahara (Spencer, 24). |
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http://www.public.iastate.edu/~abimad/sahara.html
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| | Almoravid - Almoravid |
| | Almoravid Newsletter Archives Almoravid Links Advertise on this site Add URL | | | North Africa, Islam and the Mediterranean World; From the Almoravids to the Algerian War (Cass Series--History and Society in the Islamic World) | | | For your convenience, we've gathered hundreds of Web Sites Offering information about "almoravid" and ranked them according to relevancy. |
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http://molson.blogmobs.com/Almoravid
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| | Almoravides - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The ensuing war pushed Ghana over the edge, ending the kingdom's position as a commercial and military power by 1100, as it collapsed into tribal groups and chieftaincies, some of which later assimilated into the Almoravides. | | | In 1080, he conquered the kingdom of Tlemcen (in modern-day Algeria) and founded the present city of that name, his rule extending as far east as Oran. | | | In 1086 Yusuf ibn Tashfin was invited by the Muslim princes in Spain to defend them against Alfonso VI, King of Castile and León. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravides
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| | Islam Genealogy 2 |
| | 'Amirids of Valencia, 1021 - 1099, Almoravid conquest 1102. | | | Hudid of Zaragoza 1040 - 1110 + 1130 - 1146, Almoravid occupation 1110 - 1118, occupied by Aragon 1118 - 1130 and conquest 1146. | | | The collapse of the Almoravides spawned a number of factional kingdoms. |
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http://www.aoti76.dsl.pipex.com/islam_gen2.htm
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| | History of Spain |
| | In the 11th century the Muslim realms asked for help from the North African Almoravides, who then took control of all of Al-Andalus and some Christian land. | | | With the collapse of the Caliphate of Córdoba Al-Andalus broke apart into a number of small, warring domains, which contributed to the success of the southward expansionist drive of the Christian kingdoms. | | | After Almanzor's death the Caliphate plunged into a civil war and collapsed into the so-called "Taifa Kingdoms". |
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http://www.ebroadcast.com.au/lookup/encyclopedia/hi/History_of_Spain.html
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| | HISTORY OF MOROCCO |
| | Their origins are uncertain but thought to be Euro-Asiatic, The generic name Berbers, was imposed on them by the Arabs meaning those who were not Arabs. | | | For a century or more they Have been conquering and converting to Islam the black countries of the Sahara, inspired by their search for the source of gold which had been flowing into Morocco from somewhere in the region of the Niger river. | | | Joined to the Arabs only by Islam, the Berhers have always held themselves proudly separate in all other matters, especially in the rural and mountain areas. |
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http://www.mincom.gov.ma/english/generalities/history/history.html
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| | Chapter 6: Saint James's Catapult |
| | It was very probably because Almoravide troops had been diverted to the defence of Zaragoza that the archbishop of Toledo and Alfonso Raimúndez were able to take the strong point of Alcalá towards the end of the year, thereby helping to ensure the defence of Toledo from the Almoravide salient to its north-east. | | | In 1110 the [131] last of the taifa kingdoms, Zaragoza, fell to the Almoravides, and a Christian army was defeated near Santarem in Portugal; the town itself was lost to the Almoravides in 1111. | | | But [154] she was a ruler who had great need of soldiers for the defence of her frontiers, be it against the Almoravides or the Aragonese. |
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http://libro.uca.edu/sjc/sjc6.htm
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| | Algeria - History |
| | About the middle of the 7th century the Saracens made themselves masters of the country, which came afterwards to be divided into a number of petty states under independent chiefs, and the people sank into a state of barbarism. | | | About the middle of the 11th century Abdallah-ben Yazim, a learned Arab, formed a numerous sect of religionists, known as Morabites, who overran the country, subdued many of the petty chiefs, and laid the foundation of the dynasty of the Almoravides. |
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http://www.1902-encyclopedia.com/A/ALG/algeria-14.html
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| | LILLIPUT - El Cid Campeador |
| | Recoiling before the suddenness of the attack, they were beset on the flanks by a second force. | | | Their presence coincided with a coup in Valencia that had installed a pro-Almoravide principate. | | | By 1098, Rodrigo had done all he could do to secure his holdings by force of arms. |
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http://www.lilliputmodel.com/articulos/augie/cid_ing.htm
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| | The Expansion of Christian Europe |
| | Profiting by these divisions among their enemies, the Christians made further conquests, including Lisbon; but their success was only temporary, as Yusuf, after he had overcome the Moslem rulers, won back the strongholds that the Christians had taken. | | | The lax and effeminate Moorish rulers were opposed in every respect to these newly converted, zealous, and puritanical followers of the Prophet The common people, however, welcomed the Almoravides, who abolished most of the taxes. | | | The Mohammedans were profoundly moved by the loss of Toledo and in their despair decided to call to their aid their fellow Moslems in Africa. |
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http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/ExpanWC.html
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| | ENGL 250H at UMBC - Morocco in the time of Shakespeare |
| | In 1145, the Almohads who had been built by the late Ibn Tumart toppled the Almoravide forces in Fez. | | | By 1151, all Almoravide territories had been conquered by the Almohads. |
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http://userpages.umbc.edu/~rfarabau/engl250h/wiki/edit.php?page=Morocco_in_the_time_of_Shakespeare&help=true
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| | Al Jadid |
| | However, he came too late to bring about any revival of philosophy in the eastern Islamic countries-there, the theories of al-Ghazali, whose books were banned in Al-Andalus by the Almoravides, were to reign supreme. | | | After appointing Ibn Rushd in 1169 as qadi in Seville, the Almohade Caliph Abu Yaqub brought him two years later to Cordova and, bestowing on him favors and honors, made him his chief judge and his personal physician. | | | Under their rule, toleration and friendship were generally experienced by intellectuals, in contrast to the hostility to philosophy by the Almoravides, 1056-1145 A.D., and the Malikite school in Islam, which was the main intellectual faction of Islamic thought in Al-Andalus. |
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http://www.aljadid.com/classics/0422salloum.html
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| | Marrakesh / Marrakech, Morocco |
| | Regardless of the origins of the word, Marrakech gave its name to the whole country of Morocco in all its many foreign versions - Morocco, Maroc, Morokko, Marruecos, etc. All these names come from the Latin "Morroch" which derives from the medieval name for Marrakech. | | | Under the Almoravides Marrakech became a bastion of Islamic civilization and an intellectual center where the most famous scholars and philosophers of the age converged. | | | The power of the Almoravides also made Marrakech into a great commercial center and wealth flowed into the city, further transforming its architecture. |
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http://www.planetware.com/morocco/marrakesh-marrakech-mar-mar-mar.htm
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| | ALMORAVIDES - LoveToKnow Article on ALMORAVIDES |
| | He died in 1106, when he was reputed to have reached the age of 100. | | | To properly cite this ALMORAVIDES article in your work, copy the complete reference below: |
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http://66.1911encyclopedia.org/A/AL/ALMORAVIDES.htm
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| | yusef islam |
| | Read about 'Almoravides' and thousands of other subjects at 4Reference.net... | | | They had been converted to Islam in the early times of the... | | | Of all the political and socio-economic transformations Iran has undergone in its long history, none has been more central in determining the character of the country in the twentieth... |
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http://www.islamdigital.com/search/islamicsites/yusef-islam.html
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| | Moorish Invasion |
| | 1086: The Christian advance makes the Muslim kings of Granada, Seville and Badajoz to call to their aid the Almoravides. | | | In the 11th Century the caliphate fell, and Moorish Spain was captured by the Almoravids, who were supplanted in 1174 by the Almohads. | | | During this period, Christian rulers continued efforts in Northern Spain to recapture the south. |
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http://staff.esuhsd.org/~balochie/studentprojects/moorchristian
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| | Fez: History and Articraft |
| | During almoravide and almohade times (second half of the XIth-first half of the XIIIth century), domination of Moslem Spain implying the removal of political borders with Andalusia, the circulation of ideas, and the constant comings and goings of the specialized trade associations, architects and craftsmen, reveals in fasi art the prevalence of the Andalusian influences. | | | The Mérinides dynasts built in 674H/1276 J.-C, beside the old city, an administrative city - Fes Jdid - with the princes ‘residence, the large mosque to which will be added other mosques, a market and the residences of government figures. | | | The invaluable pulpit of the Andalusians’ mosque (end of the 10th century) whose techniques and decorative processes survived in many later works, testifies to the control of the sculptors, painters and wood turners (2). |
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http://www.southbazar.com/english/ev-infos/countries/ev-fes.htm
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| | Virtual Morocco |
| | Marrakech was lucky enough to serve as a capital city for numerous Moroccan dynasties, namely Almoravides, Almohades and Saadians whose contributions to the city can still be seen in the medina, the old part of the city. | | | The city grew quickly with the coming of Youssef BEN TACHAFIN'S son who added more to the city and developed its architecture. | | | BEN YOUSSEF medrassa is a mile stone in the development of scientific research at that time. |
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http://www.virtual-morocco.com/cities.php?city=Marrakech
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| | Mauritania : Abdallah Ibn Yassin |
| | "people of the ribat", word whose transcription by Europeans gave almoravides) and launched them in a holy war against the inaccurate ones. | | | These religious and puritan warriors, who spread the austere rite malékite, soon reached Tafilalet (taken of Sijilmassa about 1055), Under, the city of Aghmat, centers action of Masmouda, and finally Tadla. | | | It organized militarily its disciples, indicated by name of Al-mourabitoun (i.e. |
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http://www.mauritania-today.com/anglais/history/abdallah-ibn-yassin.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | Marrakech was founded in the XIth century by the Almoravides dynasty. | | | Marrakech the red lies down the Atlas mountains and is famous for its smooth climate and its palm-grove, which inspired many poets who named it, the pearl of the south. | | | The Almoravides left in heritage palaces and gardens such as the famous Menara and its artificial lake, dated from the XIIth century and the Koutoubia with its minaret considered as the jewel of the hispano-mauresque architecture. |
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http://www.emi.ac.ma/ithet03/socialevent.html
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| | Reinhart Pieter Dozy -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | Dutch Arabist, best remembered for his monumental Histoire des musulmans d'Espagne, jusqu'à la conquête de l'Andalousie par les Almoravides, 711–1110 (1861; Spanish Islam, 1913). | | | Dozy, of French Huguenot ancestry, spent 33 years (from 1850) as professor of history at the University of Leiden. |
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9031105
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| | [No title] |
| | (Maktabat al-dirasat al-tarikhiyah) Almoravides; Almohades; Andalusia; history; sources. |
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http://www.lib.virginia.edu/area-studies/MiddleEast/Cairo/2000/bookfair/bf21
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| | Middle East Open Encyclopedia: Almoravid |
| | Iraq Museum International always displays the most recent published revision of the source article, Almoravid; all previous versions may be viewed here. | | | They link directly to authoring tools for you to start writing a particular article. |
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http://www.baghdadmuseum.org/ref?title=Almoravid
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| | A few historical facts |
| | The development of three successive terraces places the dwelling above the garden, thus providing, across its south-facing faзade, a panoramic view of part of the village and the whole extent of the Gulf of Tunis. | | | 1] Almoravides : A brotherhood of warrior monks and a Berber dynasty which reigned in the Maghreb and Andalusia in the 11 |
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http://www.darsaid.com.tn/ing/historical.htm
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| | The History of Mallorca |
| | - had to leave the island and Mallorca fell back to the Almoravides. | | | During this battle the mallorcan King Burabe was captured. | | | But through problems with the Almoravides the winner - Ramon Berenger III. |
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http://www.mallorca-market.com/english/history/history3.htm
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| | 1091 at AllExperts |
| | * The Islamic Abbadid dynasty ruling in Spain fell when the Almoravides stormed Seville. |
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http://experts.about.com/e/0/1091.htm
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