Abd-ar-rahman I - Pasthound

Abd-ar-rahman I - Pasthound

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Abd ar-Rahman I - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The long reign of Abd ar-Rahman was spent in a struggle to reduce his anarchical Arab and Berber subjects to order.
In his final years, Abd ar-Rahman had to contend with a succession of palace conspiracies, which he repressed brutally.
Abd ar-Rahman's army was so ill provided that he mounted almost the only good war-horse in it; he had no banner, and one was improvised by unwinding a green turban and binding it round the head of a spear.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd-ar-rahman_I (720 words)



Iraq - HISTORY

As a result, the newly appointed prime minister, Brigadier Arif Abd ar Razzaq, who was also a leading Nasserite, made an unsuccessful coup attempt on September 12, 1965.
Arif's pro-Nasserite sympathies were supported by the Baath Party, while Qasim found support for his anti-union position in the ranks of the communists.
Arif was first dismissed, then brought to trial for treason and condemned to death in January 1959; he was subsequently pardoned in December 1962.

http://www.mongabay.com/reference/country_studies/iraq/HISTORY.html (19268 words)



Abdul Rahman Arif - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Abdul Rahman Arif (Arabic عبد الرحمان عارف) (born 1916 or 1918) was president of Iraq from April 16, 1966 to July 16, 1968.
His brother appointed him head of the army following the coup, and when the younger Arif died in a helicopter crash, Abdul Rahman al-Bazzaz became acting president; but three days later the military decided that Abdul Salam should be succeeded by his older brother instead.
He was a career soldier, and supported the military coup that brought his brother, Abdul Salam Arif to power in 1963.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_Arif (260 words)



João Sedycias: História da Língua Espanhola

'Abd ar-Rahman I was the organizer of the new Arab state.
Upon the death of 'Abd ar-Rahman Sanchuelo, 21 years of unrest followed (1009-31), during which the social and political unity among "Andalusians" (Arabs, Berbers who had settled in Al-Andalus a long time earlier, and the population that had converted to Islam), Berbers who had arrived fairly recently, and the slaves fell apart.
'Abd ar-Rahman I's successors, Hisham I (788-796) and al-Hakam I (796-822), were confronted with severe internal dissidence among the Arab nobility.

http://home.yawl.com.br/hp/sedycias/historia11a.htm (7387 words)



The military coup of 1963

Military officers pressured the new president, 'Abd ar-Rahman 'Arif, elder brother of the late president, to remove al-Bazzaz, and the Cabinet resigned in August 1966.
In September 1965 'Arif invited 'Abd ar-Rahman al-Bazzaz, a distinguished lawyer, diplomat, and writer on Arab nationalism, to form a new government.
Ba'th leaders invited 'Abd as-Salam 'Arif to assume the presidency.

http://www.angelfire.com/nt/Gilgamesh/63.html (536 words)



Abd-ar-rahman_I

The long reign of Abd ar Rahman I was spent in a struggle to reduce his anarchical Arab and Berber subjects to order.
In his final years, Abd ar-Rahman had to contend with a succession of palace conspiracies, which he repressed brutally.
Abd ar-Rahman I (ruled 756-788) was the founder of a Muslim dynasty that ruled Spain for nearly three centuries.

http://www.apawn.com/search.php?title=Abd-ar-rahman_I (669 words)



chapterfive.html

Having pacified the country and re-united it under the Umayyad standard, 'Abd ar-Rahman turned to the more difficult task of patching up the ailing economy and the restoration of the administrative structure, as well as re-enforcing the army with foreign elements whom he kept directly under his control.
But 'Abd ar-Rahman was not oblivious of the danger, and was able to confront the Fatimids courageously and forcefully, and although he had protected the integrity of the state quite efficiently, one important element had skipped his mind, namely, the importance of having a strong naval force.
'Abd ar-Rahman III was ushered to the Umayyad throne by destiny.

http://www.artopedia.com/chapter4.html (7072 words)



America Encyclopedia

The first war was fought in the early 650 and ended with the defeat of an Arab force led by Abd ar-Rahman ibn Rabiah outside the Khazar town of Balanjar, after a battle in which both sides used siege engines on the others' troops.
Arab armies led first by the Arab prince Maslamah ibn Abd al-Malik and then by Marwan ibn Muhammad (later Caliph Marwan II) poured across the Caucasus and eventually (in 737) defeated a Khazar army led by Hazer Tarkhan, briefly occupying Atil itself and possibly forcing the Khagan to convert to Islam.
Ibn Fadlan relates that around 920 the Khazar ruler received information that Muslims had destroyed a synagogue in the land of Babung, in Iran; he gave orders that the minaret of the mosque in his capital should be broken off, and the muezzin executed.

http://www.americaencyclopedia.com/index.php?title=Khazaria (7072 words)



João Sedycias: História da Língua Espanhola

'Abd ar-Rahman I was the organizer of the new Arab state.
Upon the death of 'Abd ar-Rahman Sanchuelo, 21 years of unrest followed (1009-31), during which the social and political unity among "Andalusians" (Arabs, Berbers who had settled in Al-Andalus a long time earlier, and the population that had converted to Islam), Berbers who had arrived fairly recently, and the slaves fell apart.
'Abd ar-Rahman I's successors, Hisham I (788-796) and al-Hakam I (796-822), were confronted with severe internal dissidence among the Arab nobility.

http://home.yawl.com.br/hp/sedycias/historia11a.htm (7387 words)



Prosecuting the New York Sheikh

`Abd ar-Rahman, Nosair, El-Gabrowny, Siddiq `Ali, and eight others indicted on charges including seditious conspiracy, bombing conspiracy, conspiracy to murder Mubarak, and murdering Meir Kahane.
`Abd ar-Rahman was arrested on immigration charges in late June and, in late August, was indicted with Nosair, El-Gabrowny, Siddiq `Ali, and several others for, inter alia, conspiring to conduct a war of urban terrorism against the United States, in violation of the seditious conspiracy law.[22]
In early March 1993, a few weeks after the bombing, Abu Halima was arrested in Egypt, arousing suspicions among `Abd ar-Rahman and his followers: clearly, their group had been penetrated by a government informant.

http://www.ict.org.il/articles/articledet.cfm?articleid=95 (4309 words)



chapterfive.html

Having pacified the country and re-united it under the Umayyad standard, 'Abd ar-Rahman turned to the more difficult task of patching up the ailing economy and the restoration of the administrative structure, as well as re-enforcing the army with foreign elements whom he kept directly under his control.
But 'Abd ar-Rahman was not oblivious of the danger, and was able to confront the Fatimids courageously and forcefully, and although he had protected the integrity of the state quite efficiently, one important element had skipped his mind, namely, the importance of having a strong naval force.
'Abd ar-Rahman III was ushered to the Umayyad throne by destiny.

http://www.artopedia.com/chapter4.html (7072 words)



chapterfive.html

Having pacified the country and re-united it under the Umayyad standard, 'Abd ar-Rahman turned to the more difficult task of patching up the ailing economy and the restoration of the administrative structure, as well as re-enforcing the army with foreign elements whom he kept directly under his control.
But 'Abd ar-Rahman was not oblivious of the danger, and was able to confront the Fatimids courageously and forcefully, and although he had protected the integrity of the state quite efficiently, one important element had skipped his mind, namely, the importance of having a strong naval force.
'Abd ar-Rahman III was ushered to the Umayyad throne by destiny.

http://www.artopedia.com/chapter4.html (7072 words)



Articles - Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr

With Egyptian help, he helped orchestrate an internal coup within the government of President Abdul Rahman Arif.
A leading member of the Ba'ath Party he orchestrated the 1963 coup that overthrew Iraq's military leader Abdul Karim Kasim.
Al Bakr left the government in November 1963, when Field Marshal Abdul Salam Arif staged a countercoup.

http://www.wathcesa.com/articles/Hasan_al-Bakr (709 words)



[lbo-talk] Ba'thists

He was succeeded by his less crafty brother, 'Abd ar-Rahman Arif, who managed to hold power for only two years.
<...> In 1958, the monarchy was finally overthrown by General 'Abd al-Karim Qasim, who capitalized on the widespread popular unhappiness with the government because of its failure to provide any support to Nasser's Egypt when it had fought the Israelis, British, and French in the 1956 Sinai-Suez War.
he produced Muhyi 'Abd al-Hussein Mashadi, secretary-general of the RCC, Jashadi had openly opposed Saddam's succession, and when he appeared on the 22nd, it ws physically apparent that he had paid a terrible price for his opposition.

http://mailman.lbo-talk.org/2003/2003-April/010161.html (1895 words)



Abdul Salam Arif Information - Articles Free

He was killed in a helicopter crash in southern Iraq and his brother Abdul Rahman Arif replaced him.
Abdul Salam Arif was a grand nephew of king Faisal I of Iraq.
On February 8, 1963, he played a leading role in the coup in which the government of Abdul Karim Qassim was overthrown.

http://www.articlesfree.com/index.php?title=Abdul_Salam_Arif (122 words)



Alliance For Security - Iraq's Decades of Dictatorships

At his death one year later, his less forceful brother Major General Abd ar Rahman Arif replaced him.
The coup leaders, originally led by Brigadier Abd al Karim Qasim and Colonel Abd as Salaam Arif, suffered from internal dissent.
While Qasim drew on his support from the National Democratic Party (NDP) and Iraqi Communist Party (ICP), Arif relied on the newly emerging Ba'athist party and supporters of Egyptian General Nasser's dream of a pan-Arab nation.

http://www.allianceforsecurity.org/iraq-dictators (1352 words)



The Caliphate: Its Rise, Decline, and Fall - From Original Sources [Chapter 27]

To bring the matter to an issue, 'Abd ar-Rahman offered to forego his own claim if only the rest would abide by his choice.
'Abd ar-Rahman spent the night in visiting the leading Citizens, and the chief officers from the Provinces (who, having come for the yearly Pilgrimage, had not yet departed), and in sounding their views.
So much is plain, that ('Abd ar-Rahman excepted) 'Omar saw no one amongst them endowed with sufficient power and influence to hold the reins of government; none, at least, so prominent as to take the acknowledged lead.

http://www.bible.ca/islam/library/Muir/Caliphate/chap27.htm (1913 words)



Encyclopedia: Khazar

The first war was fought in the early 650 and ended with the defeat of an Arab force led by Abd ar-Rahman ibn Rabiah outside the Khazar town of Balanjar, after a battle in which both sides used seige machines on the others' troops.
Arab armies led first by the Arab prince Maslamah ibn Abd al-Malik and then by Marwan ibn Muhammad (later Caliph Marwan II) poured across the Caucasus and eventually (in 737) defeated a Khazar army led by Hazer Tarkhan, briefly occupying Atil itself and possibly forcing the Khagan to convert to Islam.
Ibn Fadlan relates that around 920 the Khazar ruler received information that Muslims had destroyed a synagogue in the land of Babung, in Iran; he gave orders that the minaret of the mosque in his capital should be broken off, and the muezzin executed.

http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Khazar (1913 words)



The Economy and Economic History of Iraq

The brother of Abd as Salaam Arif, Abd ar Rahman Arif replaced him as head of government.
Rahman Arif had much less of a hold on the reins of power than his brother and several disturbances further weakened his control.
The president of the NCRC was the same officer who overthrew King Faisal II in 1958, Abd as Salaam Arif.

http://www.sjsu.edu/faculty/watkins/iraq.htm (2185 words)



Khazars - Enpsychlopedia

Arab armies led first by the Arab prince Maslamah ibn Abd al-Malik and then by Marwan ibn Muhammad (later Caliph Marwan II) poured across the Caucasus and eventually (in 737) defeated a Khazar army led by Hazer Tarkhan, briefly occupying Atil itself and possibly forcing the Khagan to convert to Islam.
Ibn Fadlan relates that around 920 the Khazar ruler received information that Muslims had destroyed a synagogue in the land of Babung, in Iran; he gave orders that the minaret of the mosque in his capital should be broken off, and the muezzin executed.
Khazar rabbinical students are known to have studied in Spain from the accounts of Abraham ibn Daud, and Jews from Kiev and elsewhere in Russia, who may or may not have been Khazars, were reported in France, Germany and England.

http://www.grohol.com/psypsych/Khazar (2185 words)



Upto11.net - Wikipedia Article for Khazars

The first war was fought in the early 650 and ended with the defeat of an Arab force led by Abd ar-Rahman ibn Rabiah outside the Khazar town of Balanjar, after a battle in which both sides used siege engines on the others' troops.
Arab armies led first by the Arab prince Maslamah ibn Abd al-Malik and then by Marwan ibn Muhammad (later Caliph Marwan II) poured across the Caucasus and eventually (in 737) defeated a Khazar army led by Hazer Tarkhan, briefly occupying Atil itself and possibly forcing the Khagan to convert to Islam.
Ibn Fadlan relates that around 920 the Khazar ruler received information that Muslims had destroyed a synagogue in the land of Babung, in Iran; he gave orders that the minaret of the mosque in his capital should be broken off, and the muezzin executed.

http://www.upto11.net/generic_wiki.php?q=khazars (2185 words)



[A-List] Fw: COMPARTY: ICP statements and ICP(cadre) statement - "Doubt everything" - Marx

During the 1967 Zionist = war of aggression, Iraqi Communists set aside their hostility to 'Abd = ar-Rahman 'Arif and made an appeal from their prison cells - where some = were on death row, while others were serving out long-term or life = sentences.
During = the=20 1967 Zionist war of aggression, Iraqi Communists set aside their = hostility=20 to 'Abd ar-Rahman 'Arif and made an appeal from their prison cells = - where=20 some were on death row, while others were serving out long-term or = life=20 sentences.
After the Baathist leader, 'Ali Salih as-Sa'di, and the man = who planned and arranged a Baathist coup against the government of 'Abd = al-Karim Qasim had been arrested, the American Central Intelligence = Agency took over direction of the putschists, making use of a radio = transmitter in Amman, Jordan.

http://lists.econ.utah.edu/pipermail/a-list/2003-July/027171.html (3076 words)



KHAZARS

Arab armies led first by the Arab prince Maslamah ibn Abd al-Malik and then by Marwan ibn Muhammad (later Caliph Marwan II) poured across the Caucasus and eventually (in 737) defeated a Khazar army led by Hazer Tarkhan, briefly occupying Atil itself and possibly forcing the Khagan to convert to Islam.
Ibn Fadlan relates that around 920 the Khazar ruler received information that Muslims had destroyed a synagogue in the land of Babung, in Iran; he gave orders that the minaret of the mosque in his capital should be broken off, and the muezzin executed.
Ibn al-Athir, who wrote around 1200, described 'the raid of Fadhlun the Kurd against the Khazars'.

http://www.info-venezia.com/Khazars (3076 words)



The Battle of Tours Poitiers (732)

Given the fact that north Iberian Muslims had rebelled against the Umayyad province under Manusa prior to 732, 'Abd ar-Rahman may have been aware that the Muslims of Narbonne would not be particularly cooperative when he passed through with his army.
Chronicle of Fredegar contains a more substantial account of the battle: the Franks killed 'Abd ar-Rahman in the operation and overran the tents of the Muslim camp, presumably to recapture the treasure that had been taken from the Aquitanian churches.
Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam refers to the northward extension of 'Abd ar-Rahman's operation into the Frankish kingdom as a separate campaign: 'He then led another military expedition against the Franks."38 Ibn Abd al-Hakam says: "He went out as a

http://www.deremilitari.org/resources/articles/watson2.htm (4556 words)



Ahmad Hassan al-Bakr -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!

He became prime minister for 10 months following the Ba'th coup of 1963 and replaced President 'Abd ar-Rahman 'Arif in the Ba'th coup of July 17, 1968.
King Faysal II and Crown Prince 'Abd al-Ilah were both assassinated, and Iraq was subsequently declared a republic by its new leader, 'Abd al-Karim Qasim, a general in the Iraqi army.
He was a member of the Ba'th Socialist Party and was forced to retire from the Iraqi army for revolutionary activities in 1959.

http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-9011880 (714 words)



Muw10

Malik said that 'Abd ar-Rahman said that al-Qasim was very pleased with Marwan's decision who thought it the best he had heard on the subject.
Am I the kind of man to have something done to him without his consent?" 'A'isha spoke to al-Mundhir ibn az-Zubayr, and al-Mundhir said, "It is in the hands of 'Abd ar-Rahman." 'Abd ar-Rahman said, "I will not oppose something that you have already completed." Hafsa was confirmed with al-Mundhir, and there was no divorce.
He said, 'When you have menstruated and are pure, then let me know.' She did not menstruate until 'Abd ar-Rahman ibn 'Awf was ill. When she was purified, she told him and he divorced her irrevocably or made a pronouncement of divorce which was all that he had left over her.

http://bewley.virtualave.net/muw10.html (12400 words)



Trust Islam -> Sahaba Stories

When Abd al-Muttalib died two years later, she went with the child to the house of his uncle Abu Talib and continued to look after his needs until he was grown up and married the lady Khadijah.
Aminah however became even more distressed when Abd al-Muttalib came and told her she had to leave her home and go to the mountains as other Makkans had done because of an impending attack on the city by the ruler of Yemen, someone called Abrahah.
Abdullah was not exaggerating in what he said about himself.

http://www.trustislam.com/studiobb/index.php?showtopic=6153 (12400 words)



AllRefer.com - Spain : History : Muslim Spain and the Christian Reconquest, Spain & Portugal (Spanish And Portuguese Political Geography) - Encyclopedia

This Muslim state, which reached its greatest splendor under Abd ar-Rahman III, who set up the Western caliphate, or caliphate of COrdoba, included all but northernmost Spain.
• Abd ar-Rahman III, emir and caliph of COrdoba
In 756, however, Abd ar-Rahman I, scion of the Umayyad dynasty, established an independent emirate.

http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/S/Spain-history-muslim-spain-and-the-christian-reconquest.html (1282 words)



Abd ar-Rahman II and III

Moorish Spain was the center from which medical education in Europe largely came from Arab historians and Westerners alike commend Abd ar-Rahman III with his exploits in an age of extreme unrest.
Following his death, Abd ar-Rahman III was crowned Emir of al-Andalus.
Abd ar-Rahman's first important task was to accomplish what his forebeares had failed to do, which was restoring internal unity amongst the citizens of al-Andalus and stabilize the region from invaders.

http://www.idir.net/~suede/successor3.html (567 words)



Abd ar-Rahman II and III

Moorish Spain was the center from which medical education in Europe largely came from Arab historians and Westerners alike commend Abd ar-Rahman III with his exploits in an age of extreme unrest.
Following his death, Abd ar-Rahman III was crowned Emir of al-Andalus.
Abd ar-Rahman's first important task was to accomplish what his forebeares had failed to do, which was restoring internal unity amongst the citizens of al-Andalus and stabilize the region from invaders.

http://www.idir.net/~suede/successor3.html (567 words)