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| | Ancient Greece - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Marble statuette from the Cycladic islands, 3000 BC The Greeks are believed to have migrated southward into the Greek peninsula in several waves beginning in the late 3rd millennium BC, the last being the Dorian invasion. |  | | In 499 BC the Greeks rose in the Ionian Revolt, and Athens and some other Greek cities went to their aid. |  | | In 387 BC Sparta shocked Greek opinion by concluding a treaty with Persia by which they surrendered the Greek cities of Ionia and Cyprus, thus reversing a hundred years of Greek victories against Persia. |
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http://www.hackettstown.us/project/wikipedia/index.php/Hellenic_civilization
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| | MSN Encarta - Search View - Ancient Rome |
 | | During the 2nd century bc, these entrepreneurs developed a strong sense of their political as well as economic interests, and by late in the century they were called the equestrian order to parallel the senatorial order. |  | | bc) has left short histories—Bellum Jugurthinum (War with Jugurtha) and the Bellum Catilinae (Conspiracy of Catiline). |  | | Caesar, a famed military commander and later dictator of Rome, was also a skilled writer who chose to present his conquests with a contrived objectivity and third-person detachment that gave added credibility to his account. |
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http://encarta.msn.com/text_761552589__1/Ancient_Rome.html
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| | Encyclopedia: Hellenistic Greece |
 | | Less squeamish than his predecessor, in 227 BC the opposition in Sparta were removed in a coup - four of the five ephors were killed and eighty opponents... |  | | In 267 BC Ptolemy II persuaded the Greek cities to revolt against Antigonus, in what became the Chremonidian War, after the Athenian leader Chremonides. |  | | In 307 BC Antigonus's son Demetrius captured Athens and restored its democratic system, which had been suppressed by Alexander. |
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Hellenistic-Greece
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| | Dispersion, the - International Standard Bible Encyclopedia |
 | | Alexander died in 323 BC but the favor which he had accorded to the Jews was continued by the Ptolemies who succeeded to his Egyptian empire. |  | | When Cicero in 59 BC was defending Flaccus he speaks of gold being sent out of Italy, and all the provinces, to Jerusalem, and there was present among his listeners a large body of Jews interested in the case. |  | | Pompey after his capture of Jerusalem in 63 BC carried off hundreds of Jews to Rome, where they were sold as slaves, but, afterward, many of them obtained their freedom and civic rights. |
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http://www.studylight.org/enc/isb/view.cgi?number=T2738
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| | Ethics of Roman Expansion to 133 BC by Sanderson Beck |
 | | Gauls invaded Etruria again in 283 BC and in violation of their treaty were aiding the Etruscans against the Romans. |  | | Roman consul Titus Flamininus brought the Boeotians into their alliance also, though he connived at the murder of Boeotarch Brachyllas because he was pro-Macedonian. |  | | Flamininus' answer was that they would have had to destroy Sparta to remove him. |
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http://www.san.beck.org/EC24-RomanExpansion.html
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| | Ptolemy-ISBE |
 | | In his reign the Jewish temple of Leontopolis near Heliopolis was founded in 154 BC (Josephus, Antiquities, XIII, iii 1 f) and two Jewish generals, Onias and Dositheus were at the head of his armies and had a large share in the government (Jos, Contra Apionem, II, 5). |  | | Antiochus IV Epiphanes then invaded Egypt, defeated the Egyptians at Pelusium and secured the person of Philometor whom he spared, hoping to employ him as a tool to gain the ascendancy over Egypt. |  | | Philometor seems to have taken a friendly attitude toward the Jews. |
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http://www.dabar.org/ISBE-1915/Vol4/Ptolemy-ISBE.html
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| | Achaean League on Encyclopedia.com |
 | | The Second Achaean League was founded in 280 BC Sicyon was freed from the rule of its tyrant in 251 BC, and it soon joined the confederation under the leadership of Aratus. |  | | Later suspecting the Achaeans of again looking toward Macedon, the Romans deported (168 BC) their leaders (including Polybius) to Italy. |  | | The Achaean League then requested (224 BC) Macedonian aid against Sparta and the Aetolian League. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/A/AchaeanL1.asp
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| | Quiz |
 | | Which Greek historian was a leading politician of the Achaean League who incurred the suspicions of the Romans during their wars in Greece and suffered deportation to Italy in 167 BC? |  | | Which Roman consul led reinforcements against forces from Carthage and Syracuse that had put Messana under seige in 264 BC? |  | | Prior to 227 BC, which official governed Sicily? |
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http://www.barca.fsnet.co.uk/quiz.htm
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| | Rome: The Punic Wars |
 | | But Carthage soon faced rebellion among its mercenary troops and Rome, in 238 BC, took advantage of the confusion by seizing the island of Corsica. |  | | The First Punic War: 264-241 BC 160;& broke out in 264 BC; it was concentrated entirely on the island of Sicily. |  | | The end result of the second Punic War, in the end, was the domination of the known world by Rome. |
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http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/ROME/PUNICWAR.HTM
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| | J1502 |
 | | Internal troubles led to severe political tension with Rome and the deportation of 1,000 leading Achaeans (including Polybios) to Italy after 168 BC. |  | | BC major questions of foreign policy were transferred to extraordinary meetings, which involved sometimes only the council. |  | | Later in that century the federation allied with the Macedonians against the Spartans and the Aetolians, but in 198 BC it was forced to join Rome against Macedonia. |
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http://www.culture.gr/2/21/214/21401m/presveis/Pages/museum/15/p1502.html
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| | 146 BC |
 | | I think that the review posted for this book is exceedingly unfair. |  | | History of the Roman World: 753 to 146 BC |  | | Athens and Sparta: Constructing Greek Political and Social History from 478 BC |
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http://www.freeglossary.com/146_BC
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| | The Official Age of Empires Expansion: The Rise of Rome |
 | | Together with Syria and Egypt, Macedonia became one of the three great kingdoms of the Hellenistic world. |  | | After Alexander's death in 323 BC, his empire went through many years of turmoil as his senior generals and family members vied for control. |  | | Although Egypt and Persia both initially claimed Syria, Persia annexed it by 281 BC. |
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http://www.microsoft.com/games/aoeexpansion/features_civilization_macedonian.htm
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| | World History 200- 100 BC |
 | | In 167 B.C. the Jews, led by an aged priest Mattityahu and his five sons, led a revolt against the Seleucid Empire. |  | | He died in 148 B.C. after a rule of 60 years. |  | | The Romans had developed hydralic cement which did not dissolve in water, and this allowed them to build bigger aqueducts. |
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http://www.multied.com/dates/200bc.html
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| | The Punic Wars |
 | | The Fourth Macedonian War came to a conclusion in 146, the same year as the Third Punic War. |  | | Rome in 146 BC The first half of the second century also saw the wars with Macedonia, by which parts of Greece also became a Roman province. |  | | By 146, Rome had been at war for nearly a hundred years, almost without respite. |
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http://history.boisestate.edu/westciv/punicwar/18.shtml
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| | MSN Encarta - Greek Art and Architecture |
 | | The period from 750 bc to 480 bc is called the Archaic period. |  | | Historians have divided Greek history into periods that are in some ways based on individual judgment, and the names and dates of those periods vary from one account to another. |  | | Although the rise of the city-state emphasizes the Greeks’ political disunity, other developments demonstrate their cultural unity. |
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http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761561691/Greek_Art_and_Architecture.html
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| | Roman Project Map 5: 133 BC |
 | | A Roman army was sent to raze the city, and so it was done in 146 BC after 3 years of war. |  | | However, a new ruler appeared in 149 BC and led the forces of a reunited Macedon against Rome. |  | | Much of Spain was soon to fall, as the tribes that had been warring with Rome since 142 BC were defeated by Scipio Aemilianus in 133 BC. |
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http://www.travelin-tigers.com/zhs/hsrom05.htm
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| | Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus |
 | | The other was adopted by Publius Cornelius Scipio, son of Scipio Africanus, and became Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus, known as Scipio Africanus the Younger, following his conquest of Carthage in the Third Punic War in 146 BC. |  | | The next step of his cursus honorum was the election as praetor in 191 BC. |  | | On the return to Rome in 167 BC, his legions were displeased with their share of the plunder. |
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http://www.wikiverse.org/lucius-aemilius-paullus-macedonicus
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| | Punic Wars - The Basics |
 | | Hannibal's brother Hasdrubal escapes with his army to Italy from Spain but is defeated and killed at Metaurus (207 BC). |  | | First Punic War (Sicilian War): 264-241 BC The first of the three great confrontations between Rome and Carthage was fought bitterly on land and sea over control of Sicily, with the war being taken for a time to North Africa. |  | | The Romans were further incited by the speeches of the censor Cato the Elder, who demanded that"Carthage must be destroyed". |
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http://www.barca.fsnet.co.uk/punic-wars-basics.htm
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| | Phoenician Colonies |
 | | Utica, on the Tunisian coast of North Africa, was reputedly founded in 1178 BC, and by 1100 BC the Phoenician city of Tyre supposedly had a Spanish colony at Gadir (Cadiz). |  | | These wars, which are known as the Punic Wars, ended in the complete defeat of Carthage by Rome. |  | | Venerable historical traditions recount the Phoenician voyages to found new cities. |
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http://www.phoenicia.org/colonies.html
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| | Punic War, Third -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
 | | The city of Carthage, located in what is now Tunisia in North Africa, had been founded in 814 BC by the Phoeniciansa people whose home city was Tyre (now part of Lebanon). |  | | The Carthaginians sank the trading vessels of any other city which dared to bid... |  | | Roman general famed both for his exploits during the Third Punic War (149146 BC) and for his subjugation of Spain (134133 BC). |
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9061910?tocId=9061910
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| | Roman Republic: 753-31 BC |
 | | 753-31 BC The Founding of the City: 753-262 BC 1184 BC: Aeneas arrives in Italy [Legendary] |  | | 201-118 BC: Polybius, Greek who writes a history of Rome |  | | 270-266 BC: Rome at war with Umbrians and Etruscans |
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http://campus.northpark.edu/history/WebChron/Mediterranean/RomeRep.html
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| | [No title] |
 | | Punic War (series of wars for control of the Mediterranean Sea trade) |  | | 753 BC City of Rome is built (myth of Romulus and Remus) |  | | 146 BC 133 BC Agrarian reforms of the Grachhi begin |
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http://www.killeenroos.com/1/Rometime.htm
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| | The Punic Wars 264-146 Bc (Essential Histories) |
 | | The book has some holes in the content, but it is only meant to be a starter. |  | | The Peloponnesian War 421-404 BC Caesars Civil War |  | | The Greek and Persian Wars 499-386 BC The Crusades (Essential Histories) |
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http://www.history-asia.com/The_Punic_Wars_264146_Bc_Essential_Histories_No_16_1841763551.html
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| | Osprey Essential Histories 16 : The Punic Wars 264-146 BC |
 | | The three Punic Wars which lasted nearly 100 years, from 264 BC to 146 BC, represented a struggle for supremacy in the Mediterranean between the bludgeoning land power of Rome bent on imperial conquest and the great maritime power of Carthage with its colonies and trading posts spread around the Mediterranean. |  | | Because we live in a world that has changed beyond recognition since the days of Carthage and Rome, we tend to measure our differences from them in terms of material developments, such as the exploration of space, nuclear power, information technology and the host of everyday things with which we are surrounded. |  | | Osprey Essential Histories 16 : The Punic Wars 264-146 BC |
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http://www.militaryfocus.com/osprey/essential-histories/16.htm
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| | Antics, Osprey The Punic Wars 264-146 BC (1841763551) |
 | | Antics, Osprey The Punic Wars 264-146 BC (1841763551) |  | | Click on the links under "Available to buy now" or any picture in order to start shopping. |  | | Contact Mail Order Hotline on 01453 825381 or email to enquiries@antics.ltd.uk |
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http://www.anticsonline.co.uk/605_1_1402808.html
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| | [No title] |
 | | Traditional date of the foundation of Rome, 753 BC Republican government at Rome, 510 BC Democratic government at Athens, 508 BC |  | | Roman: 146 BC-337 AD Battle of Actium, 32 BC Death of Augustus, 14 AD Death of Constantine, 337 AD Vergil (Publius Vergilius Maro), 70-19 BC |  | | Aeneid, 19 BC Ovid (Publius Ovidius Naso), 43 BC-17/18 AD |
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http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~jfarrell/courses/myth/topics/history.html
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| | History Bookshop.com: Punic Wars 264-146 BC |
 | | The three Punic Wars lasted nearly 100 years, from 264 BC to 146 BC. |  | | They represented a struggle for regional supremacy between the bludgeoning land power of Rome, bent on imperial conquest, and the great maritime power of Carthage with its colonies and trading posts spread around the Mediterranean. |
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http://www.historybookshop.com/book-template.asp?isbn=0415968577
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| | Bibliography |
 | | Cary, M. "History of the Greek World from 323-146 bc", The MacMillan Co., NY, 1939, # |  | | Time Life, "Age of God-Kings, 3000-1500 BC", Time Life Books, VA, 1987. |  | | Cantor and Werthman, "Ancient Civilization 4000 bc - 400 ad", Thomas Y. Crowell Co., NY, 1967. |
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http://www.ancientroute.com/Credit/bibliography.htm
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